如何检查特定的一组 ID 是否存在?

How to check if specific set of ID's exists?

我有一个来源table(其中的一部分):

+--------------------+
|  E M P L O Y E E   |
+--------------------+
| ID |   EQUIPMENT   |
+--------------------+
| 1  | tv,car,phone  |
| 2  | car,phone     |
| 3  | tv,phone      |
+----+---------------+

规范化过程结束后,我得到了两个新的 table:

+----------------+
| DICT_EQUIPMENT |
+----------------+
| ID | EQUIPMENT |
+----------------+
| 1  | tv        |
| 2  | car       |
| 3  | phone     |
+----+-----------+

+---------------------+
|    SET_EQUIPMENT    |
+----+--------+-------+
| ID | SET_ID | EQ_ID |
+----+--------+-------+
| 1  |   1    |   1   |
| 2  |   1    |   2   |
| 3  |   1    |   3   |
| 4  |   2    |   2   |
| 5  |   2    |   3   |
| 6  |   3    |   1   |
| 7  |   3    |   3   |
+----+--------+-------+

(the piece/part)
+-----------------+
| E M P L O Y E E |
+-----------------+
| ID | EQ_SET_ID  |
+-----------------+
| 1  |     1      |
| 2  |     2      |
| 3  |     3      |
+----+------------+

现在当我想找到正确的 SET_ID 时,我可以这样写:

SELECT SET_ID
  FROM SET_EQUIPMENT S1,
       SET_EQUIPMENT S2,
       SET_EQUIPMENT S3
 WHERE S1.SET_ID = S2.SET_ID
   AND S2.SET_ID = S3.SET_ID
   AND S1.EQ_ID = 1
   AND S2.EQ_ID = 2
   AND S3.EQ_ID = 3;

也许有优化此查询的想法?如何找到正确的集合?

你标准化有误。摆脱掉 set_equipment 更改为具有三个表:employee、equipment、employee_equipment.

如果您正在寻找您想要使用的给定员工的设备:

select id, equipment
from equipment eq
inner join employee_equipment ee on eq.id = ee.eq_id
inner join employee emp on emp.id = ee.emp_id
where emp.id = 2

首先,您应该为您正在使用的方法使用明确的 join 语法:

SELECT S1.SET_ID
FROM SET_EQUIPMENT S1 JOIN
     SET_EQUIPMENT S2
     ON S1.SET_ID = S2.SET_ID JOIN
     SET_EQUIPMENT S3
     ON S2.SET_ID = S3.SET_ID
 WHERE S1.EQ_ID = 1 AND
       S2.EQ_ID = 2 AND
       S3.EQ_ID = 3;

from 子句中的逗号已经过时了。 (并且,这修复了查询中的语法错误。)

另一种方法是使用带有 having 子句的 group by

SELECT S.SET_ID
FROM SET_EQUIPMENT S
GROUP BY S.SET_ID
HAVING SUM(CASE WHEN S.EQ_ID = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) > 0 AND
       SUM(CASE WHEN S.EQ_ID = 2 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) > 0 AND
       SUM(CASE WHEN S.EQ_ID = 3 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) > 0;

哪种方法效果更好取决于许多因素——例如,您使用的数据库引擎、表的大小、表上的索引。您必须测试哪种方法在您的系统上效果更好。