在发现 MSTest 框架测试期间键入加载异常

Question

最近，当我们尝试使用 Jenkins 的 MSTest 运行进行测试时，我们收到了 'TargetInvocationException' 错误。今天我从 MSTest 切换到 VsTest.Console.exe，虽然我能够得到更详细的错误消息，但问题是一样的。

我找不到任何关于 Google 可能导致此异常的指示。如果我理解正确，那么异常不是来自我们的测试，而是来自 MSTest 框架。

TpTrace Warning: 0 : 10032, 3, 2018/10/31, 15:22:23.137, 54721019933, testhost.x86.exe, TestSettings will soon be deprecated for automated unit and functional testing scenarios. It is recommended that you use RunSettings. To learn more, see http://aka.ms/runsettings
    TpTrace Verbose: 0 : 10032, 3, 2018/10/31, 15:22:23.137, 54721020301, testhost.x86.exe, TestRequestHandler.SendData:  sending data from testhost: {"Version":2,"MessageType":"TestSession.Message","Payload":{"MessageLevel":1,"Message":"TestSettings will soon be deprecated for automated unit and functional testing scenarios. It is recommended that you use RunSettings. To learn more, see http://aka.ms/runsettings"}}
    TpTrace Error: 0 : 10032, 3, 2018/10/31, 15:22:23.256, 54721419216, testhost.x86.exe, TmiDiscoveryRequest: Error occured while discovering tests from source F:\Jenkins\Workspace\[...]\My.dll. System.Reflection.TargetInvocationException: Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation. ---> System.TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestTypes.Unit.UnitTestExtensionInfo' threw an exception. ---> System.TypeLoadException: Could not load type 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.Common.TestTypesXml' from assembly 'Microsoft.VisualStudio.QualityTools.Common, Version=15.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a'.
       at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestTypes.Unit.UnitTestExtensionInfo..cctor()
       --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
       at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestTypes.Unit.UnitTestExtensionInfo.GetExtensionNames(IWarningHandler warningHandler)
       at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestTypes.Unit.UnitTestTip.InitializeExtensions()
       at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestTypes.Unit.UnitTestTip..ctor(ITmi tmiInstance)
       --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
       at System.RuntimeMethodHandle.InvokeMethod(Object target, Object[] arguments, Signature sig, Boolean constructor)
       at System.Reflection.RuntimeConstructorInfo.Invoke(BindingFlags invokeAttr, Binder binder, Object[] parameters, CultureInfo culture)
       at System.RuntimeType.CreateInstanceImpl(BindingFlags bindingAttr, Binder binder, Object[] args, CultureInfo culture, Object[] activationAttributes, StackCrawlMark& stackMark)
       at System.Activator.CreateInstance(Type type, BindingFlags bindingAttr, Binder binder, Object[] args, CultureInfo culture, Object[] activationAttributes)
       at System.Activator.CreateInstance(Type type, Object[] args)
       at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestManagement.TipDelayLoader.LoadTip()
       at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestManagement.TipDelayLoader.GetTip()
       at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestManagement.Tmi.GetTipsFromTestTypeInfos(IList`1 infos)
       at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestManagement.Tmi.LoadTestsFromTipsHelper(IEnumerable`1 locations, ProjectData projectData)
       at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestManagement.Tmi.LoadTests(IEnumerable`1 locations, ProjectData projectData, TestConflictHandler vetoingHandler)
       at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestManagement.Tmi.LoadTests(String location, ProjectData projectData, TestConflictHandler vetoingHandler)
       at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.TestManagement.Tmi.LoadTests(String location, ProjectData projectData)
       at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestPlatform.Extensions.TmiHelper.TmiDiscoveryRequest.DiscoverTests(String source, Tmi tmi)
       at Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestPlatform.Extensions.TmiHelper.TmiDiscoveryRequest.DiscoverTests(IEnumerable`1 sources, Tmi tmi)
TpTrace Information: 0 : 10032, 3, 2018/10/31, 15:22:23.257, 54721419815, testhost.x86.exe, TestDiscoveryManager.RunMessage: calling TestRunMessage(Warning, Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation.) callback.
TpTrace Warning: 0 : 10032, 3, 2018/10/31, 15:22:23.257, 54721420131, testhost.x86.exe, Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation.

我的想法是这个错误是在 Visual Studio 更新后出现的，但我不能确定。我们在 Jenkins 机器上使用 Visual Studio Community 2017 15.8.8。运行 VS 的测试没有问题。另外值得一提的是，我们仍然使用 TestSettings，并且在开始时收到以下警告消息：

Test run will use DLL(s) built for framework .NETFramework,Version=v4.5 and platform X86. Following DLL(s) do not match framework/platform settings.
SPManagerTests.dll is built for Framework 4.5.2 and Platform AnyCPU.

但是我发现这些并不是那么重要

知道如何继续解决问题吗？

Answer 1

今天回过头来看问题，发现如下：

VsTest.Console.exe 在我没有指定 .testsettings 文件时可以执行测试
当我尝试迁移到 .runsettings 时，我收到了一条类似的错误消息，我用谷歌搜索了一下：

Method not found: 'Void Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.Common.TestRunConfiguration.AddTestSettingsProperties(System.Collections.Generic.Dictionary`2<System.String,System.Object>)'.

结果 there is an issue with the VS Remote Tools 2017 应该在三月份就修复了，但问题显然没有修复

如果您遇到同样的问题，那么只需卸载 Visual Studio 远程工具。 这两个问题都可以解决。在那之前我尝试用 MS 重新打开这个问题。

Answer 2

对于需要能够在目标机器上进行远程调试和运行测试的任何人，执行以下步骤将克服此错误：

从 KEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Classes\Installer\Assemblies\Global
运行 'gacutil /u Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.Common'

需要第 1 步才能将其从 GAC 中删除。 VS Remote Tools 2017 的安装将有问题的 dll 添加到 GAC，该版本与运行测试所需的版本不同。

在发现 MSTest 框架测试期间键入加载异常

Type load exception during discovering MSTest Framework tests

c#

mstest

jenkins-mstest