在 header 中插入图片时出现问题
Issue inserting image in header
我正在使用多个 R Markdown 文件编写报告，为了便于组合它们，我决定使用 bookdown 包。我在使用 fancyhdr LaTeX 包插入徽标作为 header 时遇到问题，在常规 .Rmd 文件中工作正常。
index.Rmd 文件:
---
documentclass: book
classoption: openany
site: bookdown::bookdown_site
subparagraph: true
output:
bookdown::pdf_book:
includes:
in_header: preamble.tex
toc_depth: 4
latex_engine: xelatex # to receive Arial as font --> install.packages("xelatex") works for R users
link-citations: yes
fontsize: 12pt
linestretch: 1.25
---
preamble.tex是：
\usepackage[german]{babel}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\setmainfont{Arial}
\pagestyle{fancy}\setlength\headheight{100pt}
\fancyhead[L]{\includegraphics[width=456px]{INS_logo.png}}
\fancyhead[R]{\includegraphics[width=4.1cm]{shurp-2018-logo-blue-transparent.png}}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\rfoot{Seite \thepage \hspace{1pt} von \pageref{LastPage}}
\geometry{a4paper, total={170mm,257mm}, left=20mm, top=10mm, }
\titleformat{\chapter}
{\normalfont\LARGE\bfseries}{\thechapter}{1em}{}
\titlespacing*{\chapter}{0pt}{3.5ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{2.3ex plus .2ex}
一切正常，只是 header 中没有出现必要的徽标。在普通 pdf_document 格式中使用相同的代码效果很好。
我想这与 book-option 有关 - 这里有人知道更多吗？我查阅了 https://bookdown.org/yihui/bookdown/、他们的 github-repo 以及 Whosebug 和 fancyhdr 上的文档。
我的会话信息（R Studio 1.2.1070）：
R version 3.5.1 (2018-07-02)
Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin15.6.0 (64-bit)
Running under: macOS 10.14
Matrix products: default
BLAS: /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Versions/A/libBLAS.dylib
LAPACK: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.5/Resources/lib/libRlapack.dylib
locale:
[1] en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/C/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8
attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] compiler_3.5.1 backports_1.1.2 bookdown_0.7 rprojroot_1.3-2 htmltools_0.3.6 tools_3.5.1 yaml_2.2.0
[8] Rcpp_0.12.19.3 rmarkdown_1.10 knitr_1.20 xfun_0.4 digest_0.6.18 evaluate_0.12
感谢您的任何建议。
您确定图片没有被推离页面顶部吗？没有你的完整目录，我无法重现你的问题，但看起来你没有在 geometry 参数中指定足够大的 top 值。查看 geometry LaTeX 函数的文档，您可以看到这指定了 body 顶部和纸张边缘之间的距离，没有为您的 header.
这是我的可重现示例。它生成一个虚拟图 plot.png 用于徽标占位符
index.Rmd:
---
documentclass: book
classoption: openany
fontsize: 12pt
linestretch: 1.25
link-citations: yes
output:
bookdown::pdf_book:
includes:
in_header: preamble.tex
latex_engine: xelatex
toc_depth: 4
subparagraph: yes
---
```{r setup, include=FALSE}
# Create an image to attach
png(filename = "logo.png", width = 200, height = 150, units = "px")
plot(cars)
box('figure', col = 'red')
dev.off()
```
# Title 1
Text
\newpage
## Section
Text
\newpage
在同一目录内是preamble.tex。注意调整后的几何参数 top=50mm:
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\setmainfont{Arial}
\pagestyle{fancy}\setlength\headheight{100pt}
\fancyhead[L]{\includegraphics[width=4cm]{logo.png}}
\fancyhead[R]{\includegraphics[width=4.1cm]{logo.png}}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\rfoot{Seite \thepage \hspace{1pt} von \pageref{LastPage}}
\geometry{a4paper, total={170mm,257mm}, left=20mm, top=50mm}
\titleformat{\chapter}
{\normalfont\LARGE\bfseries}{\thechapter}{1em}{}
\titlespacing*{\chapter}{0pt}{3.5ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{2.3ex plus .2ex}
编辑：
尽管重新加载了所有内容，但我似乎在系统中遇到了某种错误。我遵循了 Michael Harper 的建议，但在一个全新的 project/folder 中打开了代码，然后我设置 documentclass: article 手动插入了一个标题页。现在剩下的是：让 headers 在目录中工作并删除页码（页脚，居中）。
Index.Rmd:
---
documentclass: article
classoption: openany
site: bookdown::bookdown_site
fontsize: 12pt
linestretch: 1.25
link-citations: yes
output:
bookdown::pdf_book:
includes:
in_header: preamble.tex
before_body: before_body.tex
latex_engine: xelatex
toc: yes
toc_depth: 4
subparagraph: yes
---
```{r setup, include=FALSE}
# Create an image to attach
png(filename = "logo.png", width = 200, height = 150, units = "px")
plot(cars)
box('figure', col = 'red')
dev.off()
```
preamble.tex:
% loading necessary LateX-packages
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\setmainfont{Arial}
% include a fancy header
\pagestyle{fancy}\setlength\headheight{100pt}
\fancyhead[L]{\includegraphics[width=5cm]{logo.png}}
\fancyhead[R]{\includegraphics[width=4.1cm]{logo.png}}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\rfoot{Seite \thepage \hspace{1pt} von \pageref{LastPage}}
% set page geometry
\geometry{a4paper, total={170mm,257mm}, left=20mm, top=40mm}
% make the word "Chapter" disappear - only display the chapters name
\titleformat{\chapter}
{\normalfont\LARGE\bfseries}{\thechapter}{1em}{}
\titlespacing*{\chapter}{0pt}{3.5ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{2.3ex plus .2ex}
% Following below
% turns maketitle off, then you can define your own titlepage in before_body.tex
\let\oldmaketitle\maketitle
\AtBeginDocument{\let\maketitle\relax}
before_body.tex:
% titlepage
\thispagestyle{empty}
\begin{center}
{\Huge A BOOK}
\linebreak
\includegraphics{cover.png}
\linebreak
{\huge by Me}
\end{center}
\let\maketitle\oldmaketitle
\maketitle
我正在使用多个 R Markdown 文件编写报告，为了便于组合它们，我决定使用 bookdown 包。我在使用 fancyhdr LaTeX 包插入徽标作为 header 时遇到问题，在常规 .Rmd 文件中工作正常。
index.Rmd 文件:
---
documentclass: book
classoption: openany
site: bookdown::bookdown_site
subparagraph: true
output:
bookdown::pdf_book:
includes:
in_header: preamble.tex
toc_depth: 4
latex_engine: xelatex # to receive Arial as font --> install.packages("xelatex") works for R users
link-citations: yes
fontsize: 12pt
linestretch: 1.25
---
preamble.tex是：
\usepackage[german]{babel}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\setmainfont{Arial}
\pagestyle{fancy}\setlength\headheight{100pt}
\fancyhead[L]{\includegraphics[width=456px]{INS_logo.png}}
\fancyhead[R]{\includegraphics[width=4.1cm]{shurp-2018-logo-blue-transparent.png}}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\rfoot{Seite \thepage \hspace{1pt} von \pageref{LastPage}}
\geometry{a4paper, total={170mm,257mm}, left=20mm, top=10mm, }
\titleformat{\chapter}
{\normalfont\LARGE\bfseries}{\thechapter}{1em}{}
\titlespacing*{\chapter}{0pt}{3.5ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{2.3ex plus .2ex}
一切正常，只是 header 中没有出现必要的徽标。在普通 pdf_document 格式中使用相同的代码效果很好。
我想这与 book-option 有关 - 这里有人知道更多吗？我查阅了 https://bookdown.org/yihui/bookdown/、他们的 github-repo 以及 Whosebug 和 fancyhdr 上的文档。
我的会话信息（R Studio 1.2.1070）：
R version 3.5.1 (2018-07-02)
Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin15.6.0 (64-bit)
Running under: macOS 10.14
Matrix products: default
BLAS: /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Versions/A/libBLAS.dylib
LAPACK: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.5/Resources/lib/libRlapack.dylib
locale:
[1] en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/C/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8
attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] compiler_3.5.1 backports_1.1.2 bookdown_0.7 rprojroot_1.3-2 htmltools_0.3.6 tools_3.5.1 yaml_2.2.0
[8] Rcpp_0.12.19.3 rmarkdown_1.10 knitr_1.20 xfun_0.4 digest_0.6.18 evaluate_0.12
感谢您的任何建议。
您确定图片没有被推离页面顶部吗？没有你的完整目录，我无法重现你的问题，但看起来你没有在 geometry 参数中指定足够大的 top 值。查看 geometry LaTeX 函数的文档，您可以看到这指定了 body 顶部和纸张边缘之间的距离，没有为您的 header.
这是我的可重现示例。它生成一个虚拟图 plot.png 用于徽标占位符
index.Rmd:
---
documentclass: book
classoption: openany
fontsize: 12pt
linestretch: 1.25
link-citations: yes
output:
bookdown::pdf_book:
includes:
in_header: preamble.tex
latex_engine: xelatex
toc_depth: 4
subparagraph: yes
---
```{r setup, include=FALSE}
# Create an image to attach
png(filename = "logo.png", width = 200, height = 150, units = "px")
plot(cars)
box('figure', col = 'red')
dev.off()
```
# Title 1
Text
\newpage
## Section
Text
\newpage
在同一目录内是preamble.tex。注意调整后的几何参数 top=50mm:
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\setmainfont{Arial}
\pagestyle{fancy}\setlength\headheight{100pt}
\fancyhead[L]{\includegraphics[width=4cm]{logo.png}}
\fancyhead[R]{\includegraphics[width=4.1cm]{logo.png}}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\rfoot{Seite \thepage \hspace{1pt} von \pageref{LastPage}}
\geometry{a4paper, total={170mm,257mm}, left=20mm, top=50mm}
\titleformat{\chapter}
{\normalfont\LARGE\bfseries}{\thechapter}{1em}{}
\titlespacing*{\chapter}{0pt}{3.5ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{2.3ex plus .2ex}
编辑：
尽管重新加载了所有内容，但我似乎在系统中遇到了某种错误。我遵循了 Michael Harper 的建议，但在一个全新的 project/folder 中打开了代码，然后我设置 documentclass: article 手动插入了一个标题页。现在剩下的是：让 headers 在目录中工作并删除页码（页脚，居中）。
Index.Rmd:
---
documentclass: article
classoption: openany
site: bookdown::bookdown_site
fontsize: 12pt
linestretch: 1.25
link-citations: yes
output:
bookdown::pdf_book:
includes:
in_header: preamble.tex
before_body: before_body.tex
latex_engine: xelatex
toc: yes
toc_depth: 4
subparagraph: yes
---
```{r setup, include=FALSE}
# Create an image to attach
png(filename = "logo.png", width = 200, height = 150, units = "px")
plot(cars)
box('figure', col = 'red')
dev.off()
```
preamble.tex:
% loading necessary LateX-packages
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage{graphicx}
\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage{titlesec}
\usepackage{fancyhdr}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\setmainfont{Arial}
% include a fancy header
\pagestyle{fancy}\setlength\headheight{100pt}
\fancyhead[L]{\includegraphics[width=5cm]{logo.png}}
\fancyhead[R]{\includegraphics[width=4.1cm]{logo.png}}
\renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}
\rfoot{Seite \thepage \hspace{1pt} von \pageref{LastPage}}
% set page geometry
\geometry{a4paper, total={170mm,257mm}, left=20mm, top=40mm}
% make the word "Chapter" disappear - only display the chapters name
\titleformat{\chapter}
{\normalfont\LARGE\bfseries}{\thechapter}{1em}{}
\titlespacing*{\chapter}{0pt}{3.5ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{2.3ex plus .2ex}
% Following below
% turns maketitle off, then you can define your own titlepage in before_body.tex
\let\oldmaketitle\maketitle
\AtBeginDocument{\let\maketitle\relax}
before_body.tex:
% titlepage
\thispagestyle{empty}
\begin{center}
{\Huge A BOOK}
\linebreak
\includegraphics{cover.png}
\linebreak
{\huge by Me}
\end{center}
\let\maketitle\oldmaketitle
\maketitle