使用 testNG Maven 从 info.cukes 更改为 io.cucumber。抛出运行时错误

Question

我有一个使用 maven 的 selenium cucumber testng 框架。当我运行用 testng 测试我的黄瓜时，我希望得到步骤描述。这是一个旧项目，所以我将依赖项从 info.cukes 更改为最新版本的 io.cucumber。但是，每当我运行运行ner 测试文件时，它似乎都会抛出错误。

java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: cucumber.runtime.RuntimeOptions.getPluginFormatterNames()Ljava/util/List;

    at cucumber.runtime.formatter.Plugins.createPlugins(Plugins.java:64)
    at cucumber.runtime.formatter.Plugins.<init>(Plugins.java:37)
    at cucumber.api.testng.TestNGCucumberRunner.<init>(TestNGCucumberRunner.java:56)
    at cucumber.api.testng.AbstractTestNGCucumberTests.setUpClass(AbstractTestNGCucumberTests.java:16)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
    at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethod(MethodInvocationHelper.java:124)
    at org.testng.internal.MethodInvocationHelper.invokeMethodConsideringTimeout(MethodInvocationHelper.java:59)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurationMethod(Invoker.java:458)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:222)
    at org.testng.internal.Invoker.invokeConfigurations(Invoker.java:142)
    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.invokeBeforeClassMethods(TestMethodWorker.java:168)
    at org.testng.internal.TestMethodWorker.run(TestMethodWorker.java:105)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.privateRun(TestRunner.java:648)
    at org.testng.TestRunner.run(TestRunner.java:505)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runTest(SuiteRunner.java:455)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.runSequentially(SuiteRunner.java:450)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.privateRun(SuiteRunner.java:415)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunner.run(SuiteRunner.java:364)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.runSuite(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:52)
    at org.testng.SuiteRunnerWorker.run(SuiteRunnerWorker.java:84)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesSequentially(TestNG.java:1208)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuitesLocally(TestNG.java:1137)
    at org.testng.TestNG.runSuites(TestNG.java:1049)
    at org.testng.TestNG.run(TestNG.java:1017)
    at org.testng.IDEARemoteTestNG.run(IDEARemoteTestNG.java:72)
    at org.testng.RemoteTestNGStarter.main(RemoteTestNGStarter.java:123)

我有以下 Maven 依赖项，但不知道它是否是我缺少的依赖项，无法让测试达到运行？任何帮助将不胜感激。当我搜索这个问题时，它似乎主要是通过与我所做的所有 io.cucumber 文件具有相同的版本依赖关系来解决的。

 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/info.cukes/cucumber-junit -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.0</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/info.cukes/cucumber-java -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.0</version>
</dependency>

 <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/info.cukes/cucumber-testng -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-testng</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.0</version>

</dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mockito/mockito-core -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
            <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.21.0</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.cucumber/tag-expressions -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>tag-expressions</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.cucumber/cucumber-expressions -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-expressions</artifactId>
            <version>6.2.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.cucumber/messages -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>messages</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.cucumber/cucumber-java8 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-java8</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.0</version>
        </dependency>



        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.github.mkolisnyk/cucumber-report-generator -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>com.github.mkolisnyk</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-report-generator</artifactId>
    <version>1.3</version>
</dependency>



    <dependency>
            <groupId>org.testng</groupId>
            <artifactId>testng</artifactId>
            <version>6.14.3</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>  

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.cucumber/gherkin -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
    <artifactId>gherkin</artifactId>
    <version>6.0.14</version>
</dependency>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/info.cukes/gherkin -->
<!--<dependency>
    <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
    <artifactId>gherkin</artifactId>
    <version>2.12.2</version>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>-->
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/info.cukes/cucumber-core -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-core</artifactId>
    <version>4.2.0</version>
</dependency>



     <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/ru.sbtqa.tag/cucumber-runner -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>ru.sbtqa.tag</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-runner</artifactId>
    <version>1.0.7</version>
</dependency>

Answer 1

检查maven pom.xml cucumber-core cucumber-java cucumber-junit

这些文件应该有相同的版本。在您的示例中， cucumber-java 工件 ID 的版本与其余版本不同。

尝试更改它。

Answer 2

在下面找到一些片段来分解问题

检查是否有transitive dependency到groupid info.cukes

$ mvn dependency:tree | grep 'info.cuke'
[INFO] |  +- info.cukes:cucumber-junit:jar:1.2.5:compile
[INFO] |  |  \- info.cukes:cucumber-core:jar:1.2.5:compile
[INFO] |  |     +- info.cukes:cucumber-html:jar:0.2.3:compile
[INFO] |  |     \- info.cukes:cucumber-jvm-deps:jar:1.0.5:compile
[INFO] |  +- info.cukes:cucumber-testng:jar:1.2.5:compile
[INFO]    |  +- info.cukes:cucumber-java:jar:1.2.5:compile
[INFO]    |  +- info.cukes:gherkin:jar:2.12.2:compile

当检查完整输出时，会发现您的依赖项依赖于它

...
[INFO] +- com.github.mkolisnyk:cucumber-report-generator:jar:1.3:compile
...
[INFO] |  +- info.cukes:cucumber-junit:jar:1.2.5:compile
...
[INFO] |  +- info.cukes:cucumber-testng:jar:1.2.5:compile
...
[INFO] \- ru.sbtqa.tag:cucumber-runner:jar:1.0.7:compile
[INFO] \- ru.sbtqa.tag:cucumber-runner:jar:1.0.7:compile
[INFO]    +- ru.yandex.qatools.allure:allure-cucumber-jvm-adaptor:jar:1.6.4:compile
...
[INFO]    |  +- info.cukes:cucumber-core:jar:1.2.5:compile
...
[INFO]    |  +- info.cukes:cucumber-java:jar:1.2.5:compile
[INFO]    |  +- info.cukes:gherkin:jar:2.12.2:compile
...
[INFO]    +- info.cukes:cucumber-junit:jar:1.2.5:compile

因为可能存在具有相同限定名称的类的重叠，请排除 pom.xml

中的那些临时依赖项

    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.github.mkolisnyk</groupId>
        <artifactId>cucumber-report-generator</artifactId>
        <version>1.3</version>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
                <artifactId>*</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

运行再次测试抛出异常

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: gherkin/IGherkinDialectProvider

因为我们明确定义了依赖项io.cucumber:gherkin，它可能与指定的<version>有关，将其注释掉以查看是否获取了另一个版本

<!--<dependency>-->
    <!--<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>-->
    <!--<artifactId>gherkin</artifactId>-->
    <!--<version>6.0.14</version>-->
<!--</dependency>-->

这表明 io.cucumber:cucumber-core:jar:4.2.0 依赖于 io.cucumber:gherkin

的版本 5.1.0

$ mvn dependency:tree
...
[INFO] +- io.cucumber:cucumber-core:jar:4.2.0:compile
[INFO] |  +- io.cucumber:cucumber-html:jar:0.2.7:compile
[INFO] |  +- io.cucumber:gherkin:jar:5.1.0:compile

通过这些更改，至少 TestNG 单元测试是运行。

作为依赖项 com.github.mkolisnyk:cucumber-report-generator 和 ru.sbtqa.tag:cucumber-runner 取决于 info.cuke 依赖项，它们可能不再正常工作。要解决此类问题，您可以：

检查可能不依赖于组 ID 的较新版本 info.cuke
使用早期版本的 io.cucumber 依赖项
使用更精细的 info.cuke 依赖项排除，而不是排除所有工件 ID
以上几点的组合
其他，取决于您的用例和要求

也许这些步骤可以帮助您找到适合您的解决方案。

使用 testNG Maven 从 info.cukes 更改为 io.cucumber。抛出运行时错误

Changing from info.cukes to io.cucumber with testNG Maven. Throwing runtime error

java

testng

selenium

cucumber

maven