使用 htaccess 在 Apache 2.4.3x 中创建 301 重定向的问题
issues in creating 301 redirects in Apache 2.4.3x using htaccess
我最近将我的网站从 http 升级到 https 协议。
我已将以下代码添加到我的 .htaccess 文件中，以将所有 http 流量重定向到我网站上的 https。
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} 80
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.example.com/ [R=301,L]
现在，当我使用 google 在我的网站上搜索文章时（当网站使用 http 协议时，这些文章以前被 google 索引。）并单击搜索结果，它被重定向到https://www.example.com.
例如：
如果我点击 http://www.example.com/my-article-1（或在浏览器栏中输入），它会重定向到 https://www.example.com.
我想将所有这些 http 链接重定向到 https
例如：
如果我点击 http://www.example.com/my-article-1 it should go to https://www.example.com/my-article-1
我尝试在 .htaccess 文件中创建 301 重定向
redirect /my-article-1 https://www.example.com/my-article-1
我没有work.The上面的代码是在这个问题的第一个代码下面添加的
如何为我的所有网页创建正确的 301 重定向？
我正在使用 Linux 托管 Apache 2.4.33 和 Drupal 7 CMS 运行 网站。
我在我的 Drupal CMS 中启用了 clean URLS
我发现 article in Drupal org 关于放置干净的 URL 并尝试了以下组合
# Various rewrite rules.
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine on
# Added by Me
RewriteBase /
#RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ https://www.domain.in/serial-programming-tutorials [R=301,L]
#Above statement redirects to https://www.domain.in/
#RewriteRule ^serial-programming-tutorials$ https://www.domain.in/serial-programming-tutorials [R=301,L]
#Above statement gives "The page isn’t redirecting properly" Error in Browser
#RewriteRule ^/serial-programming-tutorials$ https://www.domain.in/serial-programming-tutorials [R=301,L]
#Above statement redirects to https://www.domain.in/
下面是我的 .htaccess 文件。
#
# Apache/PHP/Drupal settings:
#
# Protect files and directories from prying eyes.
<FilesMatch "\.(engine|inc|info|install|make|module|profile|test|po|sh|.*sql|theme|tpl(\.php)?|xtmpl)(~|\.sw[op]|\.bak|\.orig|\.save)?$|^(\.(?!well-known).*|Entries.*|Repository|Root|Tag|Template|composer\.(json|lock))$|^#.*#$|\.php(~|\.sw[op]|\.bak|\.orig\.save)$">
<IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
Require all denied
</IfModule>
<IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
Order allow,deny
</IfModule>
</FilesMatch>
# Don't show directory listings for URLs which map to a directory.
Options -Indexes
# Follow symbolic links in this directory.
Options +FollowSymLinks
# Make Drupal handle any 404 errors.
ErrorDocument 404 /index.php
# Set the default handler.
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm
# Override PHP settings that cannot be changed at runtime. See
# sites/default/default.settings.php and drupal_environment_initialize() in
# includes/bootstrap.inc for settings that can be changed at runtime.
# PHP 5, Apache 1 and 2.
<IfModule mod_php5.c>
php_flag magic_quotes_gpc off
php_flag magic_quotes_sybase off
php_flag register_globals off
php_flag session.auto_start off
php_value mbstring.http_input pass
php_value mbstring.http_output pass
php_flag mbstring.encoding_translation off
</IfModule>
# Requires mod_expires to be enabled.
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
# Enable expirations.
ExpiresActive On
# Cache all files for 2 weeks after access (A).
ExpiresDefault A1209600
<FilesMatch \.php$>
# Do not allow PHP scripts to be cached unless they explicitly send cache
# headers themselves. Otherwise all scripts would have to overwrite the
# headers set by mod_expires if they want another caching behavior. This may
# fail if an error occurs early in the bootstrap process, and it may cause
# problems if a non-Drupal PHP file is installed in a subdirectory.
ExpiresActive Off
</FilesMatch>
</IfModule>
# Various rewrite rules.
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine on
# Added by Me
RewriteBase /
#RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ https://www.domain.in/serial-programming-tutorials [R=301,L]
#Above statement redirects to https://www.xanthium.in/
#RewriteRule ^serial-programming-tutorials$ https://www.domain.in/serial-programming-tutorials [R=301,L]
#Above statement gives "The page isn’t redirecting properly" Error in Browser
#RewriteRule ^/serial-programming-tutorials$ https://www.domain.in/serial-programming-tutorials [R=301,L]
#Above statement redirects to https://www.domain.in/
# Set "protossl" to "s" if we were accessed via https://. This is used later
# if you enable "www." stripping or enforcement, in order to ensure that
# you don't bounce between http and https.
RewriteRule ^ - [E=protossl]
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} on
RewriteRule ^ - [E=protossl:s]
# Make sure Authorization HTTP header is available to PHP
# even when running as CGI or FastCGI.
RewriteRule ^ - [E=HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%{HTTP:Authorization}]
# Block access to "hidden" directories whose names begin with a period. This
# includes directories used by version control systems such as Subversion or
# Git to store control files. Files whose names begin with a period, as well
# as the control files used by CVS, are protected by the FilesMatch directive
# above.
#
# NOTE: This only works when mod_rewrite is loaded. Without mod_rewrite, it is
# not possible to block access to entire directories from .htaccess, because
# <DirectoryMatch> is not allowed here.
#
# If you do not have mod_rewrite installed, you should remove these
# directories from your webroot or otherwise protect them from being
# downloaded.
RewriteRule "/\.|^\.(?!well-known/)" - [F]
# If your site can be accessed both with and without the 'www.' prefix, you
# can use one of the following settings to redirect users to your preferred
# URL, either WITH or WITHOUT the 'www.' prefix. Choose ONLY one option:
#
# To redirect all users to access the site WITH the 'www.' prefix,
# (http://example.com/... will be redirected to http://www.example.com/...)
# uncomment the following:
# RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} .
# RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\. [NC]
# RewriteRule ^ http%{ENV:protossl}://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]
#
# To redirect all users to access the site WITHOUT the 'www.' prefix,
# (http://www.example.com/... will be redirected to http://example.com/...)
# uncomment the following:
# RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.+)$ [NC]
# RewriteRule ^ http%{ENV:protossl}://%1%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]
# Modify the RewriteBase if you are using Drupal in a subdirectory or in a
# VirtualDocumentRoot and the rewrite rules are not working properly.
# For example if your site is at http://example.com/drupal uncomment and
# modify the following line:
# RewriteBase /drupal
#
# If your site is running in a VirtualDocumentRoot at http://example.com/,
# uncomment the following line:
# RewriteBase /
# Pass all requests not referring directly to files in the filesystem to
# index.php. Clean URLs are handled in drupal_environment_initialize().
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !=/favicon.ico
RewriteRule ^ index.php [L]
# Rules to correctly serve gzip compressed CSS and JS files.
# Requires both mod_rewrite and mod_headers to be enabled.
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
# Serve gzip compressed CSS files if they exist and the client accepts gzip.
RewriteCond %{HTTP:Accept-encoding} gzip
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.gz -s
RewriteRule ^(.*)\.css \.css\.gz [QSA]
# Serve gzip compressed JS files if they exist and the client accepts gzip.
RewriteCond %{HTTP:Accept-encoding} gzip
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.gz -s
RewriteRule ^(.*)\.js \.js\.gz [QSA]
# Serve correct content types, and prevent mod_deflate double gzip.
RewriteRule \.css\.gz$ - [T=text/css,E=no-gzip:1]
RewriteRule \.js\.gz$ - [T=text/javascript,E=no-gzip:1]
<FilesMatch "(\.js\.gz|\.css\.gz)$">
# Serve correct encoding type.
Header set Content-Encoding gzip
# Force proxies to cache gzipped & non-gzipped css/js files separately.
Header append Vary Accept-Encoding
</FilesMatch>
</IfModule>
</IfModule>
# Add headers to all responses.
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
# Disable content sniffing, since it's an attack vector.
Header always set X-Content-Type-Options nosniff
</IfModule>
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} 80
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.domain.in/ [R=301,L]
您将 HTTP 到 HTTPS 的重定向放在了错误的位置。它需要放在 .htaccess 文件的顶部，而不是末尾。
通过将其放在末尾，Drupal "front-controller" 已经将请求重写为 index.php。稍后的 HTTP 到 HTTPS 重定向然后将其转换为外部重定向（在下一轮处理中）并且基本上将所有内容重定向到文档根目录。
.htaccess 中 (mod_rewrite) 个指令的顺序很重要。
如@MrWhite 所指出的，语句的发布顺序对于 .htaccess 文件的功能很重要。
我已如下所示更改我的 htaccess 文件以解决问题。
# Various rewrite rules.
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine on
#------------------------------------------------------------------#
# Added by to redirect all http to https
# Placing it here solved my problem
#------------------------------------------------------------------#
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} 80
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.domain.in/ [R=301,L]
#-------------------------------------------------------------------#
# Set "protossl" to "s" if we were accessed via https://. This is used later
# if you enable "www." stripping or enforcement, in order to ensure that
# you don't bounce between http and https.
RewriteRule ^ - [E=protossl]
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} on
RewriteRule ^ - [E=protossl:s]
# If your site can be accessed both with and without the 'www.' prefix, you
# can use one of the following settings to redirect users to your preferred
# URL, either WITH or WITHOUT the 'www.' prefix. Choose ONLY one option:
#
# To redirect all users to access the site WITH the 'www.' prefix,
# (http://example.com/... will be redirected to http://www.example.com/...)
# uncomment the following:
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} .
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\. [NC]
RewriteRule ^ http%{ENV:protossl}://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]
将下面的语句放在 IfModule mod_rewrite.c 下方（在 .htaccess 文件中）如图所示解决了我所有的问题
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine on
#------------------------------------------------------------------#
# Added by to redirect all http to https
# Placing it here solved my problem
#------------------------------------------------------------------#
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} 80
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.domain.in/ [R=301,L]
#-------------------------------------------------------------------#
现在
http://www.domain.in redirects to https://www.domain.in
http://www.domain.in/tutorial-1 redirects to https://www.domain.in/tutorial-1
我最近将我的网站从 http 升级到 https 协议。
我已将以下代码添加到我的 .htaccess 文件中，以将所有 http 流量重定向到我网站上的 https。
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} 80
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.example.com/ [R=301,L]
现在，当我使用 google 在我的网站上搜索文章时（当网站使用 http 协议时，这些文章以前被 google 索引。）并单击搜索结果，它被重定向到https://www.example.com.
例如：
如果我点击 http://www.example.com/my-article-1（或在浏览器栏中输入），它会重定向到 https://www.example.com.
我想将所有这些 http 链接重定向到 https
例如：
如果我点击 http://www.example.com/my-article-1 it should go to https://www.example.com/my-article-1
我尝试在 .htaccess 文件中创建 301 重定向
redirect /my-article-1 https://www.example.com/my-article-1
我没有work.The上面的代码是在这个问题的第一个代码下面添加的
如何为我的所有网页创建正确的 301 重定向？
我正在使用 Linux 托管 Apache 2.4.33 和 Drupal 7 CMS 运行 网站。
我在我的 Drupal CMS 中启用了 clean URLS
我发现 article in Drupal org 关于放置干净的 URL 并尝试了以下组合
# Various rewrite rules.
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine on
# Added by Me
RewriteBase /
#RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ https://www.domain.in/serial-programming-tutorials [R=301,L]
#Above statement redirects to https://www.domain.in/
#RewriteRule ^serial-programming-tutorials$ https://www.domain.in/serial-programming-tutorials [R=301,L]
#Above statement gives "The page isn’t redirecting properly" Error in Browser
#RewriteRule ^/serial-programming-tutorials$ https://www.domain.in/serial-programming-tutorials [R=301,L]
#Above statement redirects to https://www.domain.in/
下面是我的 .htaccess 文件。
#
# Apache/PHP/Drupal settings:
#
# Protect files and directories from prying eyes.
<FilesMatch "\.(engine|inc|info|install|make|module|profile|test|po|sh|.*sql|theme|tpl(\.php)?|xtmpl)(~|\.sw[op]|\.bak|\.orig|\.save)?$|^(\.(?!well-known).*|Entries.*|Repository|Root|Tag|Template|composer\.(json|lock))$|^#.*#$|\.php(~|\.sw[op]|\.bak|\.orig\.save)$">
<IfModule mod_authz_core.c>
Require all denied
</IfModule>
<IfModule !mod_authz_core.c>
Order allow,deny
</IfModule>
</FilesMatch>
# Don't show directory listings for URLs which map to a directory.
Options -Indexes
# Follow symbolic links in this directory.
Options +FollowSymLinks
# Make Drupal handle any 404 errors.
ErrorDocument 404 /index.php
# Set the default handler.
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html index.htm
# Override PHP settings that cannot be changed at runtime. See
# sites/default/default.settings.php and drupal_environment_initialize() in
# includes/bootstrap.inc for settings that can be changed at runtime.
# PHP 5, Apache 1 and 2.
<IfModule mod_php5.c>
php_flag magic_quotes_gpc off
php_flag magic_quotes_sybase off
php_flag register_globals off
php_flag session.auto_start off
php_value mbstring.http_input pass
php_value mbstring.http_output pass
php_flag mbstring.encoding_translation off
</IfModule>
# Requires mod_expires to be enabled.
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
# Enable expirations.
ExpiresActive On
# Cache all files for 2 weeks after access (A).
ExpiresDefault A1209600
<FilesMatch \.php$>
# Do not allow PHP scripts to be cached unless they explicitly send cache
# headers themselves. Otherwise all scripts would have to overwrite the
# headers set by mod_expires if they want another caching behavior. This may
# fail if an error occurs early in the bootstrap process, and it may cause
# problems if a non-Drupal PHP file is installed in a subdirectory.
ExpiresActive Off
</FilesMatch>
</IfModule>
# Various rewrite rules.
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine on
# Added by Me
RewriteBase /
#RewriteRule ^/(.*)$ https://www.domain.in/serial-programming-tutorials [R=301,L]
#Above statement redirects to https://www.xanthium.in/
#RewriteRule ^serial-programming-tutorials$ https://www.domain.in/serial-programming-tutorials [R=301,L]
#Above statement gives "The page isn’t redirecting properly" Error in Browser
#RewriteRule ^/serial-programming-tutorials$ https://www.domain.in/serial-programming-tutorials [R=301,L]
#Above statement redirects to https://www.domain.in/
# Set "protossl" to "s" if we were accessed via https://. This is used later
# if you enable "www." stripping or enforcement, in order to ensure that
# you don't bounce between http and https.
RewriteRule ^ - [E=protossl]
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} on
RewriteRule ^ - [E=protossl:s]
# Make sure Authorization HTTP header is available to PHP
# even when running as CGI or FastCGI.
RewriteRule ^ - [E=HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%{HTTP:Authorization}]
# Block access to "hidden" directories whose names begin with a period. This
# includes directories used by version control systems such as Subversion or
# Git to store control files. Files whose names begin with a period, as well
# as the control files used by CVS, are protected by the FilesMatch directive
# above.
#
# NOTE: This only works when mod_rewrite is loaded. Without mod_rewrite, it is
# not possible to block access to entire directories from .htaccess, because
# <DirectoryMatch> is not allowed here.
#
# If you do not have mod_rewrite installed, you should remove these
# directories from your webroot or otherwise protect them from being
# downloaded.
RewriteRule "/\.|^\.(?!well-known/)" - [F]
# If your site can be accessed both with and without the 'www.' prefix, you
# can use one of the following settings to redirect users to your preferred
# URL, either WITH or WITHOUT the 'www.' prefix. Choose ONLY one option:
#
# To redirect all users to access the site WITH the 'www.' prefix,
# (http://example.com/... will be redirected to http://www.example.com/...)
# uncomment the following:
# RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} .
# RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\. [NC]
# RewriteRule ^ http%{ENV:protossl}://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]
#
# To redirect all users to access the site WITHOUT the 'www.' prefix,
# (http://www.example.com/... will be redirected to http://example.com/...)
# uncomment the following:
# RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.+)$ [NC]
# RewriteRule ^ http%{ENV:protossl}://%1%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]
# Modify the RewriteBase if you are using Drupal in a subdirectory or in a
# VirtualDocumentRoot and the rewrite rules are not working properly.
# For example if your site is at http://example.com/drupal uncomment and
# modify the following line:
# RewriteBase /drupal
#
# If your site is running in a VirtualDocumentRoot at http://example.com/,
# uncomment the following line:
# RewriteBase /
# Pass all requests not referring directly to files in the filesystem to
# index.php. Clean URLs are handled in drupal_environment_initialize().
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !=/favicon.ico
RewriteRule ^ index.php [L]
# Rules to correctly serve gzip compressed CSS and JS files.
# Requires both mod_rewrite and mod_headers to be enabled.
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
# Serve gzip compressed CSS files if they exist and the client accepts gzip.
RewriteCond %{HTTP:Accept-encoding} gzip
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.gz -s
RewriteRule ^(.*)\.css \.css\.gz [QSA]
# Serve gzip compressed JS files if they exist and the client accepts gzip.
RewriteCond %{HTTP:Accept-encoding} gzip
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME}\.gz -s
RewriteRule ^(.*)\.js \.js\.gz [QSA]
# Serve correct content types, and prevent mod_deflate double gzip.
RewriteRule \.css\.gz$ - [T=text/css,E=no-gzip:1]
RewriteRule \.js\.gz$ - [T=text/javascript,E=no-gzip:1]
<FilesMatch "(\.js\.gz|\.css\.gz)$">
# Serve correct encoding type.
Header set Content-Encoding gzip
# Force proxies to cache gzipped & non-gzipped css/js files separately.
Header append Vary Accept-Encoding
</FilesMatch>
</IfModule>
</IfModule>
# Add headers to all responses.
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
# Disable content sniffing, since it's an attack vector.
Header always set X-Content-Type-Options nosniff
</IfModule>
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} 80
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.domain.in/ [R=301,L]
您将 HTTP 到 HTTPS 的重定向放在了错误的位置。它需要放在 .htaccess 文件的顶部，而不是末尾。
通过将其放在末尾，Drupal "front-controller" 已经将请求重写为 index.php。稍后的 HTTP 到 HTTPS 重定向然后将其转换为外部重定向（在下一轮处理中）并且基本上将所有内容重定向到文档根目录。
.htaccess 中 (mod_rewrite) 个指令的顺序很重要。
如@MrWhite 所指出的，语句的发布顺序对于 .htaccess 文件的功能很重要。
我已如下所示更改我的 htaccess 文件以解决问题。
# Various rewrite rules.
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine on
#------------------------------------------------------------------#
# Added by to redirect all http to https
# Placing it here solved my problem
#------------------------------------------------------------------#
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} 80
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.domain.in/ [R=301,L]
#-------------------------------------------------------------------#
# Set "protossl" to "s" if we were accessed via https://. This is used later
# if you enable "www." stripping or enforcement, in order to ensure that
# you don't bounce between http and https.
RewriteRule ^ - [E=protossl]
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} on
RewriteRule ^ - [E=protossl:s]
# If your site can be accessed both with and without the 'www.' prefix, you
# can use one of the following settings to redirect users to your preferred
# URL, either WITH or WITHOUT the 'www.' prefix. Choose ONLY one option:
#
# To redirect all users to access the site WITH the 'www.' prefix,
# (http://example.com/... will be redirected to http://www.example.com/...)
# uncomment the following:
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} .
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} !^www\. [NC]
RewriteRule ^ http%{ENV:protossl}://www.%{HTTP_HOST}%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]
将下面的语句放在 IfModule mod_rewrite.c 下方（在 .htaccess 文件中）如图所示解决了我所有的问题
<IfModule mod_rewrite.c>
RewriteEngine on
#------------------------------------------------------------------#
# Added by to redirect all http to https
# Placing it here solved my problem
#------------------------------------------------------------------#
RewriteEngine On
RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} 80
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://www.domain.in/ [R=301,L]
#-------------------------------------------------------------------#
现在
http://www.domain.in redirects to https://www.domain.in
http://www.domain.in/tutorial-1 redirects to https://www.domain.in/tutorial-1