在 alembic 中添加/删除 PostgreSQL ENUM 类型的值
Add / remove a value of PostgreSQL ENUM type in alembic
我在使用 SQLAlchemy 和 Alembic 更改现有 postgresql.ENUM
列时遇到问题。
我想向 alembic 中的 postgresql.ENUM 类型列添加/删除一个值。
具体而言,当前枚举类型由以下两个 alembic 修订创建:
# revision 1
def upgrade():
op.create_table('kernels',
sa.Column('status', sa.String(), nullable=True),
...
)
# revision 2
kernelstatus_choices = (
'PREPARING', 'BUILDING', 'RUNNING',
'RESTARTING', 'RESIZING', 'SUSPENDED',
'TERMINATING', 'TERMINATED', 'ERROR',
)
kernelstatus = postgresql.ENUM(
*kernelstatus_choices,
name='kernelstatus')
def upgrade():
op.alter_column('kernels', column_name='status',
type_=sa.Enum(*kernelstatus_choices, name='kernelstatus'),
postgresql_using='status::kernelstatus')
现在,我想将 'PENDING'
状态添加到 kernelstatus
类型。所以我通过引用 some articles.
实现如下所示
prev_kernelstatus_choices = (
'PREPARING', 'BUILDING', 'RUNNING',
'RESTARTING', 'RESIZING', 'SUSPENDED',
'TERMINATING', 'TERMINATED', 'ERROR',
)
prev_kernelstatus = postgresql.ENUM(
*prev_kernelstatus_choices,
name='kernelstatus')
curr_kernelstatus_choices = ('PENDING',) + prev_kernelstatus_choices
curr_kernelstatus = postgresql.ENUM(
*curr_kernelstatus_choices,
name='kernelstatus')
def upgrade():
op.execute('ALTER TYPE kernelstatus RENAME TO kernelstatus_old;')
curr_kernelstatus.create(op.get_bind())
op.alter_column('kernels', column_name='status',
type_=sa.Enum(*curr_kernelstatus_choices, name='kernelstatus'),
postgresql_using='status::text::kernelstatus')
op.execute('DROP TYPE kernelstatus_old;')
但它不断产生以下错误:
sqlalchemy.exc.ProgrammingError: (psycopg2.ProgrammingError) operator does not exist: kernelstatus <> kernelstatus_old
HINT: No operator matches the given name and argument type(s). You might need to add explicit type casts.
[SQL: 'ALTER TABLE kernels ALTER COLUMN status TYPE kernelstatus USING status::text::kernelstatus']
我已经尝试过 adding value to enum type 的解决方案,但这不适用于 Alembic,因为事务中的每个 Alembic 修订 运行s 和 ALTER TYPE
语句不能 运行 在交易中。另外,downgrade()
应该有一个代码,并且在PostgreSQL中没有从枚举类型中删除一个值的语句,所以在我的情况下,仅仅向枚举类型添加一个值并不是最终的解决方案。
有人可以帮我吗?
我找出了这种情况的根本原因(我已经与提问者合作):因为 kernels
table 有一个唯一的约束来检查(sess_id
列,枚举类型kernelstatus
的status
列,当它的值为'TERMINATED'
).
转换 status
列的枚举类型需要 <>
SQL 运算符的显式定义,以使此约束检查在整个转换过程中保持一致。
问题是 PostgreSQL 的错误消息只是说 "operator does not exist" 而不是 "operator must be defined to keep constraint during conversion".
因此,我可以通过临时添加一个比较运算符来编写工作迁移,该比较运算符通过将两个 old/new 枚举值转换为字符串来实现:
from alembic import op
import sqlalchemy as sa
import textwrap
from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
kernelstatus_new_values = [
'PENDING', # added
'PREPARING',
...
]
kernelstatus_new = postgresql.ENUM(*kernelstatus_new_values, name='kernelstatus')
kernelstatus_old_values = [
'PREPARING',
...
]
kernelstatus_old = postgresql.ENUM(*kernelstatus_old_values, name='kernelstatus')
def upgrade():
conn = op.get_bind()
sessionresult.create(conn)
sessiontypes.create(conn)
conn.execute('ALTER TYPE kernelstatus RENAME TO kernelstatus_old;')
kernelstatus_new.create(conn)
conn.execute(textwrap.dedent('''\
CREATE FUNCTION new_old_compare(
new_enum_val kernelstatus, old_enum_val kernelstatus_old
)
RETURNS boolean AS $$
SELECT new_enum_val::text <> old_enum_val::text;
$$ LANGUAGE SQL IMMUTABLE;
CREATE OPERATOR <> (
leftarg = kernelstatus,
rightarg = kernelstatus_old,
procedure = new_old_compare
);
'''))
op.alter_column(
table_name='kernels',
column_name='status',
type_=kernelstatus_new,
postgresql_using='status::text::kernelstatus',
)
conn.execute(textwrap.dedent('''\
DROP FUNCTION new_old_compare(
new_enum_val kernelstatus, old_enum_val kernelstatus_old
) CASCADE;
DROP TYPE kernelstatus_old;
'''))
... # the rest of migration
我在使用 SQLAlchemy 和 Alembic 更改现有 postgresql.ENUM
列时遇到问题。
我想向 alembic 中的 postgresql.ENUM 类型列添加/删除一个值。
具体而言,当前枚举类型由以下两个 alembic 修订创建:
# revision 1
def upgrade():
op.create_table('kernels',
sa.Column('status', sa.String(), nullable=True),
...
)
# revision 2
kernelstatus_choices = (
'PREPARING', 'BUILDING', 'RUNNING',
'RESTARTING', 'RESIZING', 'SUSPENDED',
'TERMINATING', 'TERMINATED', 'ERROR',
)
kernelstatus = postgresql.ENUM(
*kernelstatus_choices,
name='kernelstatus')
def upgrade():
op.alter_column('kernels', column_name='status',
type_=sa.Enum(*kernelstatus_choices, name='kernelstatus'),
postgresql_using='status::kernelstatus')
现在,我想将 'PENDING'
状态添加到 kernelstatus
类型。所以我通过引用 some articles.
prev_kernelstatus_choices = (
'PREPARING', 'BUILDING', 'RUNNING',
'RESTARTING', 'RESIZING', 'SUSPENDED',
'TERMINATING', 'TERMINATED', 'ERROR',
)
prev_kernelstatus = postgresql.ENUM(
*prev_kernelstatus_choices,
name='kernelstatus')
curr_kernelstatus_choices = ('PENDING',) + prev_kernelstatus_choices
curr_kernelstatus = postgresql.ENUM(
*curr_kernelstatus_choices,
name='kernelstatus')
def upgrade():
op.execute('ALTER TYPE kernelstatus RENAME TO kernelstatus_old;')
curr_kernelstatus.create(op.get_bind())
op.alter_column('kernels', column_name='status',
type_=sa.Enum(*curr_kernelstatus_choices, name='kernelstatus'),
postgresql_using='status::text::kernelstatus')
op.execute('DROP TYPE kernelstatus_old;')
但它不断产生以下错误:
sqlalchemy.exc.ProgrammingError: (psycopg2.ProgrammingError) operator does not exist: kernelstatus <> kernelstatus_old
HINT: No operator matches the given name and argument type(s). You might need to add explicit type casts.
[SQL: 'ALTER TABLE kernels ALTER COLUMN status TYPE kernelstatus USING status::text::kernelstatus']
我已经尝试过 adding value to enum type 的解决方案,但这不适用于 Alembic,因为事务中的每个 Alembic 修订 运行s 和 ALTER TYPE
语句不能 运行 在交易中。另外,downgrade()
应该有一个代码,并且在PostgreSQL中没有从枚举类型中删除一个值的语句,所以在我的情况下,仅仅向枚举类型添加一个值并不是最终的解决方案。
有人可以帮我吗?
我找出了这种情况的根本原因(我已经与提问者合作):因为 kernels
table 有一个唯一的约束来检查(sess_id
列,枚举类型kernelstatus
的status
列,当它的值为'TERMINATED'
).
转换 status
列的枚举类型需要 <>
SQL 运算符的显式定义,以使此约束检查在整个转换过程中保持一致。
问题是 PostgreSQL 的错误消息只是说 "operator does not exist" 而不是 "operator must be defined to keep constraint during conversion".
因此,我可以通过临时添加一个比较运算符来编写工作迁移,该比较运算符通过将两个 old/new 枚举值转换为字符串来实现:
from alembic import op
import sqlalchemy as sa
import textwrap
from sqlalchemy.dialects import postgresql
kernelstatus_new_values = [
'PENDING', # added
'PREPARING',
...
]
kernelstatus_new = postgresql.ENUM(*kernelstatus_new_values, name='kernelstatus')
kernelstatus_old_values = [
'PREPARING',
...
]
kernelstatus_old = postgresql.ENUM(*kernelstatus_old_values, name='kernelstatus')
def upgrade():
conn = op.get_bind()
sessionresult.create(conn)
sessiontypes.create(conn)
conn.execute('ALTER TYPE kernelstatus RENAME TO kernelstatus_old;')
kernelstatus_new.create(conn)
conn.execute(textwrap.dedent('''\
CREATE FUNCTION new_old_compare(
new_enum_val kernelstatus, old_enum_val kernelstatus_old
)
RETURNS boolean AS $$
SELECT new_enum_val::text <> old_enum_val::text;
$$ LANGUAGE SQL IMMUTABLE;
CREATE OPERATOR <> (
leftarg = kernelstatus,
rightarg = kernelstatus_old,
procedure = new_old_compare
);
'''))
op.alter_column(
table_name='kernels',
column_name='status',
type_=kernelstatus_new,
postgresql_using='status::text::kernelstatus',
)
conn.execute(textwrap.dedent('''\
DROP FUNCTION new_old_compare(
new_enum_val kernelstatus, old_enum_val kernelstatus_old
) CASCADE;
DROP TYPE kernelstatus_old;
'''))
... # the rest of migration