PG gem won't install in Rails app: Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension

Question

我正在尝试将我的 Rails 应用程序部署到 Heroku，当我将 pg gem 添加到我的 gem 文件和运行 bundle install 我得到一个错误：

An error occurred while installing pg (1.1.3), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install pg -v '1.1.3'` succeeds before bundling.

我的 gem 文件的底部如下所示：

group :development do
  # Access an IRB console on exception pages or by using <%= console %> anywhere in the code.
  gem 'web-console', '>= 3.3.0'
  gem 'listen', '>= 3.0.5', '< 3.2'
  # Spring speeds up development by keeping your application running in the background. Read more: https://github.com/rails/spring
  gem 'spring'
  gem 'spring-watcher-listen', '~> 2.0.0'
  # Use sqlite3 as the database for Active Record
  gem 'sqlite3'
end

group :production do
  gem 'pg'
end

当我运行 gem install pg 我得到以下信息：

ERROR:  Error installing pg:
        ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /home/scott_imunro/.rbenv/versions/2.4.2/lib/ruby/gems/2.4.0/gems/pg-1.1.3/ext
/home/scott_imunro/.rbenv/versions/2.4.2/bin/ruby -r ./siteconf20181115-1119-1gb3plu.rb extconf.rb
checking for pg_config... no
No pg_config... trying anyway. If building fails, please try again with
 --with-pg-config=/path/to/pg_config
checking for libpq-fe.h... no
Can't find the 'libpq-fe.h header
*** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
        --with-opt-dir
        --without-opt-dir
        --with-opt-include
        --without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
        --with-opt-lib
        --without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
        --with-make-prog
        --without-make-prog
        --srcdir=.
        --curdir
        --ruby=/home/scott_imunro/.rbenv/versions/2.4.2/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
        --with-pg
        --without-pg
        --enable-windows-cross
        --disable-windows-cross
        --with-pg-config
        --without-pg-config
        --with-pg_config
        --without-pg_config
        --with-pg-dir
        --without-pg-dir
        --with-pg-include
        --without-pg-include=${pg-dir}/include
        --with-pg-lib
        --without-pg-lib=${pg-dir}/lib

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:

  /home/scott_imunro/.rbenv/versions/2.4.2/lib/ruby/gems/2.4.0/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.4.0-static/pg-1.1.3/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

我运行宁 Rails 5 Ubuntu bash Windows 10。任何想法如何解决这个错误？

Answer 1

这可能是由于缺少依赖项。运行在终端中手动输入命令 gem install pg -v '1.1.3' 看看你得到什么输出。

您可能缺少 gem 的先决条件 libs/headers。尝试：

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install git-core curl zlib1g-dev build-essential libssl-dev libreadline-dev libyaml-dev libsqlite3-dev sqlite3 libxml2-dev libxslt1-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev python-software-properties libffi-dev postgresql-client-common postgresql-client libpq-dev

这篇文章可能值得一看：https://medium.com/@colinrubbert/installing-ruby-on-rails-in-windows-10-w-bash-postgresql-e48e55954fbf

Answer 2

我也遇到了同样的问题，问题是您的 Linux 安装需要安装 PostgreSQL 的开发库才能构建 gem.

这是我解决问题的方法

打开终端并运行执行以下命令

sudo apt-get install libpq-dev

然后尝试使用此命令再次安装 PostgreSQL gem

gem install pg

就这些了。

希望对您有所帮助

PG gem won't install in Rails app: Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension

PG gem won't install in Rails app: Gem::Ext::BuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension

ruby

postgresql

ruby-on-rails

heroku

heroku-postgres