使用 JDK 11 在 mac 上打开 .jar 文件失败并出现 RuntimeException
Opening .jar file on mac using JDK 11 fails with RuntimeException
我正在尝试在我的 MAC Mojave 10.14 上打开一个 .jar 文件 (https://github.com/ptrckbnck/SQLChecker/releases)，我的大学课程需要它。
我做了什么：
- 已按照此处的建议安装 java OpenJDK 11 https://solarianprogrammer.com/2018/09/28/installing-openjdk-macos/
java -version
openjdk version "11.0.1" 2018-10-16
OpenJDK Runtime Environment 18.9 (build 11.0.1+13)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 18.9 (build 11.0.1+13, mixed mode)
但是当我 运行 java -jar SQLChecker-1.0.jar 时，我不断收到以下异常：
Graphics Device initialization failed for : es2, sw
Error initializing QuantumRenderer: no suitable pipeline found
java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Error initializing QuantumRenderer: no suitable pipeline found
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumRenderer.getInstance(QuantumRenderer.java:280)
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumToolkit.init(QuantumToolkit.java:222)
at com.sun.javafx.tk.Toolkit.getToolkit(Toolkit.java:260)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:267)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:158)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.startToolkit(LauncherImpl.java:658)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:678)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:195)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Error initializing QuantumRenderer: no suitable pipeline found
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumRenderer$PipelineRunnable.init(QuantumRenderer.java:94)
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumRenderer$PipelineRunnable.run(QuantumRenderer.java:124)
... 1 more
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: No toolkit found
at com.sun.javafx.tk.Toolkit.getToolkit(Toolkit.java:272)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:267)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:158)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.startToolkit(LauncherImpl.java:658)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:678)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:195)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
我已阅读相关主题Migration to JDK 11 + JavaFX 11 giving RuntimeException and downloaded also JavaFX 11, namely JavaFX Mac OS X SDK from here https://gluonhq.com/products/javafx/。我也运行下面的代码：
export PATH_TO_FX=my/path/to/javafx-sdk-11/lib
和 运行 HelloWorld 测试使用 JavaFX 11，如此处所述 https://openjfx.io/openjfx-docs/。一切正常，但没有解决我原来的问题。
正如 @Drimux 在相关主题中所建议的那样，OpenJDK 发行版中缺少一些库。他很伤心，那些可能是 libprism_es2.dylib、libprism_sw.dylib、libglass.dylib、libjavafx_font.dylib。所以我将这些文件从 javafx-sdk-11.0.1/lib 复制到 /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachine/jdk-11.0.1.jdk/Contents/Home/lib 并再次尝试 运行 我的 .jar 文件。得到新的异常：
GLFactory.static - Platform: Mac OS X - not available: com.sun.prism.es2.MacGLFactory
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.sun.prism.es2.MacGLFactory
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:583)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:315)
at com.sun.prism.es2.GLFactory$FactoryLoader.run(GLFactory.java:108)
at com.sun.prism.es2.GLFactory$FactoryLoader.run(GLFactory.java:100)
at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at com.sun.prism.es2.GLFactory.<clinit>(GLFactory.java:97)
at com.sun.prism.es2.ES2Pipeline.<clinit>(ES2Pipeline.java:76)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:315)
at com.sun.prism.GraphicsPipeline.createPipeline(GraphicsPipeline.java:187)
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumRenderer$PipelineRunnable.init(QuantumRenderer.java:91)
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumRenderer$PipelineRunnable.run(QuantumRenderer.java:124)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.sun.glass.ui.mac.MacPlatformFactory
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:583)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:315)
at com.sun.glass.ui.PlatformFactory.getPlatformFactory(PlatformFactory.java:42)
at com.sun.glass.ui.Application.run(Application.java:144)
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumToolkit.startup(QuantumToolkit.java:258)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:269)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:158)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.startToolkit(LauncherImpl.java:658)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:678)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:195)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
Failed to load Glass factory class
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.sun.glass.ui.Application.run(Application.java:144)
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumToolkit.startup(QuantumToolkit.java:258)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:269)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:158)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.startToolkit(LauncherImpl.java:658)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:678)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:195)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
这没有解决问题。如果您需要更多信息，请索取。
我还应该尝试什么？
如果您已经从第一个测试 release 下载了 jar，当 运行 将其安装为：
java -jar SQLChecker-1.0.jar
您将获得已发布的异常。
作为第一个简单的修复，如果您已经下载了 JavaFX 11 SDK，运行 改为：
java --module-path /path-to/javafx-sdk-11/lib --add-modules javafx.controls,javafx.fxml -jar SQLChecker-1.0.jar
您可以阅读为什么需要这些 VM 参数 here。
在任何情况下，您都不应该将本机文件从 JavaFX SDK 复制到 JDK。
新发布
但是还有两个新版本的 SQLChecker。
如果你尝试最后一个 one:
java -jar SQLChecker-1.0.3.jar
无需添加这些额外参数即可正常工作。
那么发生了什么变化？
他们正在分发带有 Maven 阴影插件的胖 Jar，为了在任何平台上使用 JavaFX 11，您不仅需要包含 jar，还需要包含本机库。
如您所见，在这个 commit, by including the classifier tag for javafx.graphics, they added the required native libraries for Windows, Linux and Mac, as it has been also stated in this .
如果您想了解更多有关如何创建 fat jar 的信息，请参阅此 doc。
我正在尝试在我的 MAC Mojave 10.14 上打开一个 .jar 文件 (https://github.com/ptrckbnck/SQLChecker/releases)，我的大学课程需要它。
我做了什么：
- 已按照此处的建议安装 java OpenJDK 11 https://solarianprogrammer.com/2018/09/28/installing-openjdk-macos/
java -version
openjdk version "11.0.1" 2018-10-16
OpenJDK Runtime Environment 18.9 (build 11.0.1+13)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM 18.9 (build 11.0.1+13, mixed mode)
但是当我 运行 java -jar SQLChecker-1.0.jar 时，我不断收到以下异常：
Graphics Device initialization failed for : es2, sw
Error initializing QuantumRenderer: no suitable pipeline found
java.lang.RuntimeException: java.lang.RuntimeException: Error initializing QuantumRenderer: no suitable pipeline found
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumRenderer.getInstance(QuantumRenderer.java:280)
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumToolkit.init(QuantumToolkit.java:222)
at com.sun.javafx.tk.Toolkit.getToolkit(Toolkit.java:260)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:267)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:158)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.startToolkit(LauncherImpl.java:658)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:678)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:195)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
Caused by: java.lang.RuntimeException: Error initializing QuantumRenderer: no suitable pipeline found
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumRenderer$PipelineRunnable.init(QuantumRenderer.java:94)
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumRenderer$PipelineRunnable.run(QuantumRenderer.java:124)
... 1 more
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: No toolkit found
at com.sun.javafx.tk.Toolkit.getToolkit(Toolkit.java:272)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:267)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:158)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.startToolkit(LauncherImpl.java:658)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:678)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:195)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
我已阅读相关主题Migration to JDK 11 + JavaFX 11 giving RuntimeException and downloaded also JavaFX 11, namely JavaFX Mac OS X SDK from here https://gluonhq.com/products/javafx/。我也运行下面的代码：
export PATH_TO_FX=my/path/to/javafx-sdk-11/lib
和 运行 HelloWorld 测试使用 JavaFX 11，如此处所述 https://openjfx.io/openjfx-docs/。一切正常，但没有解决我原来的问题。 正如 @Drimux 在相关主题中所建议的那样，OpenJDK 发行版中缺少一些库。他很伤心，那些可能是 libprism_es2.dylib、libprism_sw.dylib、libglass.dylib、libjavafx_font.dylib。所以我将这些文件从 javafx-sdk-11.0.1/lib 复制到 /Library/Java/JavaVirtualMachine/jdk-11.0.1.jdk/Contents/Home/lib 并再次尝试 运行 我的 .jar 文件。得到新的异常：
GLFactory.static - Platform: Mac OS X - not available: com.sun.prism.es2.MacGLFactory
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.sun.prism.es2.MacGLFactory
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:583)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:315)
at com.sun.prism.es2.GLFactory$FactoryLoader.run(GLFactory.java:108)
at com.sun.prism.es2.GLFactory$FactoryLoader.run(GLFactory.java:100)
at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at com.sun.prism.es2.GLFactory.<clinit>(GLFactory.java:97)
at com.sun.prism.es2.ES2Pipeline.<clinit>(ES2Pipeline.java:76)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:315)
at com.sun.prism.GraphicsPipeline.createPipeline(GraphicsPipeline.java:187)
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumRenderer$PipelineRunnable.init(QuantumRenderer.java:91)
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumRenderer$PipelineRunnable.run(QuantumRenderer.java:124)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: com.sun.glass.ui.mac.MacPlatformFactory
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader.loadClass(BuiltinClassLoader.java:583)
at java.base/jdk.internal.loader.ClassLoaders$AppClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoaders.java:178)
at java.base/java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:521)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
at java.base/java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:315)
at com.sun.glass.ui.PlatformFactory.getPlatformFactory(PlatformFactory.java:42)
at com.sun.glass.ui.Application.run(Application.java:144)
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumToolkit.startup(QuantumToolkit.java:258)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:269)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:158)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.startToolkit(LauncherImpl.java:658)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:678)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:195)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
Failed to load Glass factory class
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.sun.glass.ui.Application.run(Application.java:144)
at com.sun.javafx.tk.quantum.QuantumToolkit.startup(QuantumToolkit.java:258)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:269)
at com.sun.javafx.application.PlatformImpl.startup(PlatformImpl.java:158)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.startToolkit(LauncherImpl.java:658)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.launchApplication1(LauncherImpl.java:678)
at com.sun.javafx.application.LauncherImpl.lambda$launchApplication(LauncherImpl.java:195)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)
这没有解决问题。如果您需要更多信息，请索取。 我还应该尝试什么？
如果您已经从第一个测试 release 下载了 jar，当 运行 将其安装为：
java -jar SQLChecker-1.0.jar
您将获得已发布的异常。
作为第一个简单的修复，如果您已经下载了 JavaFX 11 SDK，运行 改为：
java --module-path /path-to/javafx-sdk-11/lib --add-modules javafx.controls,javafx.fxml -jar SQLChecker-1.0.jar
您可以阅读为什么需要这些 VM 参数 here。
在任何情况下，您都不应该将本机文件从 JavaFX SDK 复制到 JDK。
新发布
但是还有两个新版本的 SQLChecker。
如果你尝试最后一个 one:
java -jar SQLChecker-1.0.3.jar
无需添加这些额外参数即可正常工作。
那么发生了什么变化？
他们正在分发带有 Maven 阴影插件的胖 Jar，为了在任何平台上使用 JavaFX 11，您不仅需要包含 jar，还需要包含本机库。
如您所见，在这个 commit, by including the classifier tag for javafx.graphics, they added the required native libraries for Windows, Linux and Mac, as it has been also stated in this
如果您想了解更多有关如何创建 fat jar 的信息，请参阅此 doc。