安装参考程序集后出现 Mono MSBuild 错误 Ubuntu 18.04

Question

我想在 Ubuntu 18.04

上用 Mono 构建一个 .net Framework 4.7.2 项目

我按照这个指南安装了mono-devel： https://www.mono-project.com/download/stable/

在我的一个项目上安装并尝试运行 msbuild 后，我收到此错误：

/usr/lib/mono/msbuild/15.0/bin/Microsoft.Common.CurrentVersion.targets(1195,5): error MSB3644: The reference assemblies for framework ".NETFramework,Version=v4.7.2" were not found. To resolve this, install the SDK or Targeting Pack for this framework version or retarget your application to a version of the framework for which you have the SDK or Targeting Pack installed. Note that assemblies will be resolved from the Global Assembly Cache (GAC) and will be used in place of reference assemblies. Therefore your assembly may not be correctly targeted for the framework you intend.

我找到了一个我安装的参考程序集包： mono-reference-assemblies-4.0

安装包并运行再次构建后，我收到以下错误：

MSBUILD : error MSB1025: An internal failure occurred while running MSBuild.
System.IO.FileNotFoundException: Could not load file or assembly 'System.Runtime.InteropServices.RuntimeInformation, Version=4.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies.
File name: 'System.Runtime.InteropServices.RuntimeInformation, Version=4.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a'
  at Microsoft.Build.Shared.BuildEnvironmentHelper.get_Instance () [0x00017] in <0fd2831d9cb34830af9027441f77a417>:0 
  at Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Traits.get_Instance () [0x00000] in <0fd2831d9cb34830af9027441f77a417>:0 
  at Microsoft.Build.CommandLine.MSBuildApp.Execute (System.String commandLine) [0x000bb] in <0fd2831d9cb34830af9027441f77a417>:0 

Unhandled Exception:
System.IO.FileNotFoundException: Could not load file or assembly 'System.Runtime.InteropServices.RuntimeInformation, Version=4.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies.
File name: 'System.Runtime.InteropServices.RuntimeInformation, Version=4.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a'
  at Microsoft.Build.Shared.BuildEnvironmentHelper.get_Instance () [0x00017] in <0fd2831d9cb34830af9027441f77a417>:0 
  at Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Traits.get_Instance () [0x00000] in <0fd2831d9cb34830af9027441f77a417>:0 
  at Microsoft.Build.CommandLine.MSBuildApp.Execute (System.String commandLine) [0x003f2] in <0fd2831d9cb34830af9027441f77a417>:0 
  at Microsoft.Build.CommandLine.MSBuildApp.Main () [0x00028] in <0fd2831d9cb34830af9027441f77a417>:0 
[ERROR] FATAL UNHANDLED EXCEPTION: System.IO.FileNotFoundException: Could not load file or assembly 'System.Runtime.InteropServices.RuntimeInformation, Version=4.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a' or one of its dependencies.
File name: 'System.Runtime.InteropServices.RuntimeInformation, Version=4.0.1.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b03f5f7f11d50a3a'
  at Microsoft.Build.Shared.BuildEnvironmentHelper.get_Instance () [0x00017] in <0fd2831d9cb34830af9027441f77a417>:0 
  at Microsoft.Build.Utilities.Traits.get_Instance () [0x00000] in <0fd2831d9cb34830af9027441f77a417>:0 
  at Microsoft.Build.CommandLine.MSBuildApp.Execute (System.String commandLine) [0x003f2] in <0fd2831d9cb34830af9027441f77a417>:0 
  at Microsoft.Build.CommandLine.MSBuildApp.Main () [0x00028] in <0fd2831d9cb34830af9027441f77a417>:0

这个错误发生在我运行 msbuild 的任何地方。看来应该可以构建我的项目了。

如有任何帮助，我们将不胜感激。

Answer 1

mono-reference-assemblies-4.0 包不是来自您为安装新版 Mono 而添加的新 apt 源的稳定渠道，因此您在运行时混合了 Mono 的多个版本，这导致了那些奇怪的异常。

解决方法是卸载这个包并切换到不稳定的渠道（因为.NET 4.7.2 对于稳定版来说太新了）。

安装参考程序集后出现 Mono MSBuild 错误 Ubuntu 18.04

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