Actix Web 的终身问题
Lifetime issue with Actix Web
我正在使用 Actix-web 实现中间件,但遇到了一个我无法弄清楚的生命周期问题。
extern crate actix_web;
use actix_web::actix::{Actor, Addr, Context, System};
use actix_web::middleware::Middleware;
use actix_web::{http, server, App, HttpRequest, Responder};
use std::collections::HashMap;
pub struct CacheActor {
caches: HashMap<String, String>,
}
impl CacheActor {
pub fn new() -> Self {
CacheActor {
caches: HashMap::new(),
}
}
}
impl Actor for CacheActor {
type Context = Context<Self>;
}
fn create_resource(req: HttpRequest, addr: &Addr<CacheActor>) -> impl Responder {
unimplemented!();
format!("Unimplemented")
}
fn list_resources(req: HttpRequest, addr: &Addr<CacheActor>) -> impl Responder {
unimplemented!();
format!("Unimplemented")
}
pub trait TusMiddlewareTrait {
fn with_tus(self, addr: &Addr<CacheActor>) -> App;
}
impl TusMiddlewareTrait for App {
fn with_tus(self, addr: &Addr<CacheActor>) -> App {
self.route("/files", http::Method::GET, |req| list_resources(req, addr))
.route("/files", http::Method::POST, |req| {
create_resource(req, addr)
})
}
}
fn main() {
let system = System::new("Example");
let cache_addr = CacheActor::new().start();
server::new(|| App::new().with_tus(&cache_addr))
.bind("127.0.0.1:8080")
.unwrap()
.run();
system.run();
}
我得到的错误如下,
error[E0495]: cannot infer an appropriate lifetime due to conflicting requirements
--> src/tus/middleware.rs:84:49
|
84 | .route("/files", http::Method::GET, |req| list_resources(req, addr))
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
note: first, the lifetime cannot outlive the anonymous lifetime #1 defined on the method body at 81:5...
--> src/tus/middleware.rs:81:5
|
81 | / fn with_tus(self, addr: &actix::Addr<cache::CacheActor>) -> App {
82 | | self.middleware(TusMiddleware)
83 | | .route("/files", http::Method::OPTIONS, tus_information)
84 | | .route("/files", http::Method::GET, |req| list_resources(req, addr))
... |
87 | | })
88 | | }
| |_____^
= note: ...so that the types are compatible:
expected &&actix::address::Addr<tus::cache::CacheActor>
found &&actix::address::Addr<tus::cache::CacheActor>
= note: but, the lifetime must be valid for the static lifetime...
至于我的理解,我将 cache_addr
作为对 with_tus
函数的引用传递。在 route
中的每个闭包内,addr
也是一个引用。
我不明白编译器为什么说the lifetime cannot outlive the anonymous lifetime #1
。据我所知,cache_addr
的生命周期仍然超过闭包。生命周期应该覆盖到 system.run()
行。谁能赐教一下?
编辑:
我将上面的代码更新为 MCVE(至少在某种程度上它足够简单,可以复制整个代码和 运行 cargo build,同时仍然保留相同的错误消息)。我不能 运行 在 rust-playground 上。目前它不支持 actix
crate。我尝试进一步减少它,但它给了我一个不同的错误。抱歉,我对 Rust 很陌生。
我的问题有两个,一个是我想了解错误告诉我的是什么。其次,我想知道如何使用 actix
正确执行此操作,因此示例代码依赖于 actix
.
的原因
pub fn route<T, F, R>(self, path: &str, method: Method, f: F) -> App<S>
where
F: WithFactory<T, S, R>,
R: Responder + 'static,
T: FromRequest<S> + 'static,
F
泛型依赖于 T
和 R
,后者又具有 'static
生命周期要求。
你的闭包捕获了一个 &Addr<CacheActor>
它在 'static
生命周期内无效,这会产生错误。
我看到的一种可能性是直接从 docs:
使用 App
"State"
Application state is shared with all routes and resources within the same application. When using an http actor, state can be accessed with the HttpRequest::state() as read-only, but interior mutability with RefCell can be used to achieve state mutability. State is also available for route matching predicates and middlewares.
在这种情况下应该是这样的:
extern crate actix_web;
use actix_web::actix::{Actor, Addr, Context, System};
use actix_web::{http, server, App, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, Result};
use std::collections::HashMap;
use actix_web::dev::Handler;
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct CacheActor {
caches: HashMap<String, String>,
}
impl CacheActor {
pub fn new() -> Self {
CacheActor {
caches: HashMap::new(),
}
}
}
impl Actor for CacheActor {
type Context = Context<Self>;
}
impl<S> Handler<S> for CacheActor {
type Result = String;
fn handle(&self, _req: &HttpRequest<S>) -> Self::Result {
unimplemented!();
}
}
fn list_resources(req: &HttpRequest<Addr<CacheActor>>) -> Result<HttpResponse> {
Ok(HttpResponse::Found()
.header(http::header::LOCATION, format!("hello {}", req.path()))
.finish())
}
fn main() {
let system = System::new("Example");
server::new(|| {
let cache_addr = CacheActor::new().start();
App::with_state(cache_addr)
.resource("/world", |r| r.method(http::Method::GET).f(list_resources))
})
.bind("127.0.0.1:8080")
.unwrap()
.run();
system.run();
}
我正在使用 Actix-web 实现中间件,但遇到了一个我无法弄清楚的生命周期问题。
extern crate actix_web;
use actix_web::actix::{Actor, Addr, Context, System};
use actix_web::middleware::Middleware;
use actix_web::{http, server, App, HttpRequest, Responder};
use std::collections::HashMap;
pub struct CacheActor {
caches: HashMap<String, String>,
}
impl CacheActor {
pub fn new() -> Self {
CacheActor {
caches: HashMap::new(),
}
}
}
impl Actor for CacheActor {
type Context = Context<Self>;
}
fn create_resource(req: HttpRequest, addr: &Addr<CacheActor>) -> impl Responder {
unimplemented!();
format!("Unimplemented")
}
fn list_resources(req: HttpRequest, addr: &Addr<CacheActor>) -> impl Responder {
unimplemented!();
format!("Unimplemented")
}
pub trait TusMiddlewareTrait {
fn with_tus(self, addr: &Addr<CacheActor>) -> App;
}
impl TusMiddlewareTrait for App {
fn with_tus(self, addr: &Addr<CacheActor>) -> App {
self.route("/files", http::Method::GET, |req| list_resources(req, addr))
.route("/files", http::Method::POST, |req| {
create_resource(req, addr)
})
}
}
fn main() {
let system = System::new("Example");
let cache_addr = CacheActor::new().start();
server::new(|| App::new().with_tus(&cache_addr))
.bind("127.0.0.1:8080")
.unwrap()
.run();
system.run();
}
我得到的错误如下,
error[E0495]: cannot infer an appropriate lifetime due to conflicting requirements
--> src/tus/middleware.rs:84:49
|
84 | .route("/files", http::Method::GET, |req| list_resources(req, addr))
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
note: first, the lifetime cannot outlive the anonymous lifetime #1 defined on the method body at 81:5...
--> src/tus/middleware.rs:81:5
|
81 | / fn with_tus(self, addr: &actix::Addr<cache::CacheActor>) -> App {
82 | | self.middleware(TusMiddleware)
83 | | .route("/files", http::Method::OPTIONS, tus_information)
84 | | .route("/files", http::Method::GET, |req| list_resources(req, addr))
... |
87 | | })
88 | | }
| |_____^
= note: ...so that the types are compatible:
expected &&actix::address::Addr<tus::cache::CacheActor>
found &&actix::address::Addr<tus::cache::CacheActor>
= note: but, the lifetime must be valid for the static lifetime...
至于我的理解,我将 cache_addr
作为对 with_tus
函数的引用传递。在 route
中的每个闭包内,addr
也是一个引用。
我不明白编译器为什么说the lifetime cannot outlive the anonymous lifetime #1
。据我所知,cache_addr
的生命周期仍然超过闭包。生命周期应该覆盖到 system.run()
行。谁能赐教一下?
编辑:
我将上面的代码更新为 MCVE(至少在某种程度上它足够简单,可以复制整个代码和 运行 cargo build,同时仍然保留相同的错误消息)。我不能 运行 在 rust-playground 上。目前它不支持 actix
crate。我尝试进一步减少它,但它给了我一个不同的错误。抱歉,我对 Rust 很陌生。
我的问题有两个,一个是我想了解错误告诉我的是什么。其次,我想知道如何使用 actix
正确执行此操作,因此示例代码依赖于 actix
.
pub fn route<T, F, R>(self, path: &str, method: Method, f: F) -> App<S>
where
F: WithFactory<T, S, R>,
R: Responder + 'static,
T: FromRequest<S> + 'static,
F
泛型依赖于 T
和 R
,后者又具有 'static
生命周期要求。
你的闭包捕获了一个 &Addr<CacheActor>
它在 'static
生命周期内无效,这会产生错误。
我看到的一种可能性是直接从 docs:
使用App
"State"
Application state is shared with all routes and resources within the same application. When using an http actor, state can be accessed with the HttpRequest::state() as read-only, but interior mutability with RefCell can be used to achieve state mutability. State is also available for route matching predicates and middlewares.
在这种情况下应该是这样的:
extern crate actix_web;
use actix_web::actix::{Actor, Addr, Context, System};
use actix_web::{http, server, App, HttpRequest, HttpResponse, Result};
use std::collections::HashMap;
use actix_web::dev::Handler;
#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct CacheActor {
caches: HashMap<String, String>,
}
impl CacheActor {
pub fn new() -> Self {
CacheActor {
caches: HashMap::new(),
}
}
}
impl Actor for CacheActor {
type Context = Context<Self>;
}
impl<S> Handler<S> for CacheActor {
type Result = String;
fn handle(&self, _req: &HttpRequest<S>) -> Self::Result {
unimplemented!();
}
}
fn list_resources(req: &HttpRequest<Addr<CacheActor>>) -> Result<HttpResponse> {
Ok(HttpResponse::Found()
.header(http::header::LOCATION, format!("hello {}", req.path()))
.finish())
}
fn main() {
let system = System::new("Example");
server::new(|| {
let cache_addr = CacheActor::new().start();
App::with_state(cache_addr)
.resource("/world", |r| r.method(http::Method::GET).f(list_resources))
})
.bind("127.0.0.1:8080")
.unwrap()
.run();
system.run();
}