以编程方式创建的 UIView 的框架为 0

Question

设置布局后无法访问 uiview 的框架。框架和中心被指定为 0,0 点。

我还应该提一下，这个项目中没有故事板。所有视图和所有内容均以编程方式创建。

我以编程方式创建了一个 UIView resultView 并将其添加为 scrollView 中的子视图，它也被添加为 view 的子视图，然后设置它的约束、锚点一个名为 setupLayout() 的方法我在 viewDidLoad() 中调用了 setupLayout()，在该方法之后，我调用了另一个名为 configureShapeLayer() 的方法。在 configureShapeLayer() 中，我尝试访问我的视图中心：

let center = resultView.center // should give resultView's center but gives 0

然后通过使用这个中心值，我尝试添加两个 bezierPaths 以获得状态栏类型的视图。但是由于此时 resultView 的中心没有更新，所以它看起来放错了地方。请看下图：

我也试过在 loadView() 中调用 setupLayout() 然后在 viewDidLoad() 中调用 configureShapeLayer() 但没有任何改变。

所以我需要一种方法来确保在我的视图中设置所有视图，在调用 configureShapeLayer() 之前应用所有约束和布局。但是我该怎么做呢？

我也尝试在 viewWillLayoutSubviews() 和 viewDidLayoutSubviews() 方法中调用 configureShapeLayer()，但它使情况变得更糟，并且也没有用。

整个视图控制器文件如下：首先声明视图，然后将它们添加到 prepareUI() 中的视图中，在 prepareUI() 的末尾，另一种方法 setupLayout() 是叫。完成设置布局后，从viewDidLoad可以看出，最后调用了configureShapeLayer()方法。

import UIKit

class TryViewController: UIViewController {

let score: CGFloat = 70

lazy var percentage: CGFloat = {
    return score / 100
}()

// MARK: View Declarations
private let scrollView: UIScrollView = {
    let scrollView = UIScrollView()
    scrollView.backgroundColor = .white
    return scrollView
}()

private let iconImageView: UIImageView = {
    let imageView = UIImageView()
    imageView.contentMode = .scaleAspectFit
    return imageView
}()

let scoreLayer = CAShapeLayer()
let trackLayer = CAShapeLayer()

let percentageLabel: UILabel = {
    let label = UILabel()
    label.text = ""
    label.textAlignment = .center
    label.font = TextStyle.systemFont(ofSize: 50.0)
    return label
}()

// This one is the one should have status bar at center.
private let resultView: UIView = {
    let view = UIView()
    view.backgroundColor = .purple
    return view
}()

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    prepareUI()
    configureShapeLayer()
}

private func prepareUI() {

    resultView.addSubviews(views: percentageLabel)

    scrollView.addSubviews(views: iconImageView,
                           resultView)

    view.addSubviews(views: scrollView)
    setupLayout()
}

private func setupLayout() {
    scrollView.fillSuperview()
    iconImageView.anchor(top: scrollView.topAnchor,
                         padding: .init(topPadding: 26.0))
    iconImageView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalTo: scrollView.widthAnchor, multiplier: 0.31).isActive = true
    iconImageView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: iconImageView.widthAnchor, multiplier: 0.67).isActive = true
    iconImageView.anchorCenterXToSuperview()

    //percentageLabel.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 105, height: 60)
    //percentageLabel.center = resultView.center

    percentageLabel.anchorCenterXToSuperview()
    percentageLabel.anchorCenterYToSuperview()

    let resultViewTopConstraintRatio: CGFloat = 0.104
    resultView.anchor(top: iconImageView.bottomAnchor,
                      padding: .init(topPadding: (view.frame.height * resultViewTopConstraintRatio)))

    resultView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalTo: scrollView.widthAnchor, multiplier: 0.533).isActive = true
    resultView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: resultView.widthAnchor, multiplier: 1.0).isActive = true
    resultView.anchorCenterXToSuperview()

    configureShapeLayer()
}

private func configureShapeLayer() {
    let endAngle = ((2 * percentage) * CGFloat.pi) - CGFloat.pi / 2

    let center = resultView.center // should give resultView's center but gives 0

    // Track Layer Part
    let trackPath = UIBezierPath(arcCenter: center, radius: 50, startAngle: -CGFloat.pi / 2, endAngle: 2 * CGFloat.pi, clockwise: true)

    trackLayer.path = trackPath.cgPath
    trackLayer.strokeColor = UIColor.lightGray.cgColor // to make different
    trackLayer.lineWidth = 10
    trackLayer.fillColor = UIColor.clear.cgColor
    trackLayer.lineCap = .round

    resultView.layer.addSublayer(trackLayer)

    // Score Fill Part
    let scorePath = UIBezierPath(arcCenter: center, radius: 50, startAngle: -CGFloat.pi / 2, endAngle: endAngle, clockwise: true)

    scoreLayer.path = scorePath.cgPath
    scoreLayer.strokeColor = UIColor.red.cgColor
    scoreLayer.lineWidth = 10
    scoreLayer.fillColor = UIColor.clear.cgColor
    scoreLayer.lineCap = .round
    scoreLayer.strokeEnd = 0

    resultView.layer.addSublayer(scoreLayer)

}
}

Answer 1

这不是理想的修复方法，但请尝试在主线程上调用 configureShapeLayer() func，如下所示：

DispatchQueue.main.async {
    configureShapeLayer()
}

我曾经遇到过这样的问题，并且是那样的。

Answer 2

创建自定义视图会更好。这将允许您 "automatically" 在视图大小更改时更新您的贝塞尔曲线路径。

它还允许您将绘图代码与控制器代码分开。

这是一个简单的例子。它在 "resultView" 上方添加了一个按钮 - 每次点击它都会将百分比增加 5（百分比从 5 开始用于演示）：

//
//  PCTViewController.swift
//
//  Created by Don Mag on 12/6/18.
//

import UIKit

class MyResultView: UIView {

    let scoreLayer = CAShapeLayer()
    let trackLayer = CAShapeLayer()

    var percentage = CGFloat(0.0) {
        didSet {
            self.percentageLabel.text = "\(Int(percentage * 100))%"
            self.setNeedsLayout()
        }
    }

    let percentageLabel: UILabel = {
        let label = UILabel()
        label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        label.text = ""
        label.textAlignment = .center
        label.font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 40.0)
        return label
    }()

    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)
        commonInit()
    }

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)
        commonInit()
    }

    func commonInit() -> Void {

        layer.addSublayer(trackLayer)
        layer.addSublayer(scoreLayer)

        addSubview(percentageLabel)

        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([
            percentageLabel.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: centerXAnchor),
            percentageLabel.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: centerYAnchor)
            ])

    }

    override func layoutSubviews() {
        super.layoutSubviews()

        let endAngle = ((2 * percentage) * CGFloat.pi) - CGFloat.pi / 2

        trackLayer.frame = self.bounds
        scoreLayer.frame = self.bounds

        let centerPoint = CGPoint(x: self.bounds.width / 2.0, y: self.bounds.height / 2.0)

        // Track Layer Part
        let trackPath = UIBezierPath(arcCenter: centerPoint, radius: 50, startAngle: -CGFloat.pi / 2, endAngle: 2 * CGFloat.pi, clockwise: true)

        trackLayer.path = trackPath.cgPath
        trackLayer.strokeColor = UIColor.lightGray.cgColor // to make different
        trackLayer.lineWidth = 10
        trackLayer.fillColor = UIColor.clear.cgColor
        // pre-Swift 4.2
        trackLayer.lineCap = kCALineCapRound
//      trackLayer.lineCap = .round

        // Score Fill Part
        let scorePath = UIBezierPath(arcCenter: centerPoint, radius: 50, startAngle: -CGFloat.pi / 2, endAngle: endAngle, clockwise: true)

        scoreLayer.path = scorePath.cgPath
        scoreLayer.strokeColor = UIColor.red.cgColor
        scoreLayer.lineWidth = 10
        scoreLayer.fillColor = UIColor.clear.cgColor
        // pre-Swift 4.2
        scoreLayer.lineCap = kCALineCapRound
//      scoreLayer.lineCap = .round

    }

}

class PCTViewController: UIViewController {

    let resultView: MyResultView = {
        let v = MyResultView()
        v.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        v.backgroundColor = .purple
        return v
    }()

    let btn: UIButton = {
        let b = UIButton()
        b.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        b.setTitle("Add 5 percent", for: .normal)
        b.backgroundColor = .blue
        return b
    }()

    var pct = 5

    @objc func incrementPercent(_ sender: Any) {
        pct += 5
        resultView.percentage = CGFloat(pct) / 100.0
    }

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        view.addSubview(btn)
        view.addSubview(resultView)

        NSLayoutConstraint.activate([

            btn.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.safeAreaLayoutGuide.topAnchor, constant: 20.0),
            btn.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerXAnchor),

            resultView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 300.0),
            resultView.heightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: resultView.widthAnchor),

            resultView.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerXAnchor),
            resultView.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: view.centerYAnchor),

            ])

        btn.addTarget(self, action: #selector(incrementPercent), for: .touchUpInside)

        resultView.percentage = CGFloat(pct) / 100.0

    }

}

结果：

以编程方式创建的 UIView 的框架为 0

Programmatically created UIView's frame is 0

calayer

uiview

cashapelayer

ios

swift