如何在 YAML 文件的 Python 中打印没有字符串的 []

How can I print [] without string in Python in YAML file

在我的 yam 文件中,我正在尝试这个

with open(fname, "w") as f:
     yaml.safe_dump({'items':['test', 'test2']}, f,
                    default_flow_style=False, width=50, indent=4)

打印格式如下

items:
- 'test'
- 'test2'

我希望输出格式如下

items: ['test', 'test2']

我该怎么做?

编辑:

这是我的完整代码

   d = {}        
   for m in ['B1', 'B2', 'B3']:
                d2 = {}
                for f in ['A1', 'A2', 'A3']:
                    # here i don't want any flow style
                    d2[f] = ['test', 'test2']
                d[m] = d2

    with open(fname, "w") as f:
        yaml.safe_dump(d, f, default_flow_style=True, width=50, indent=8)

不要把 default_flow_style=False 然后 does the complete opposite of what you want:

>>> import yaml
>>> yaml.safe_dump({'items': ['test', 'test2']}, default_flow_style=False)
'items:\n- test\n- test2\n'
>>> yaml.safe_dump({'items': ['test', 'test2']})
'items: [test, test2]\n'

至于部分文档格式,您可以自定义representers,例如:

class Items(list):
    pass


def items_representer(dumper, data):
    return dumper.represent_sequence('tag:yaml.org,2002:seq', data, flow_style=True)


yaml.representer.SafeRepresenter.add_representer(Items, items_representer)

result = yaml.safe_dump({
    'items': Items(['test', 'test2']),
    'other list': ['1', '2'],
}, default_flow_style=False)

# items: [test, test2]
# other list:
# - '1'
# - '2'
print(result)

如果你想要精细控制并且只有具有流式样式的特定列表,你应该使用ruamel.yaml(这是我的增强版PyYAML):

import ruamel.yaml
from ruamel.yaml.comments import CommentedSeq

d = {}
for m in ['B1', 'B2', 'B3']:
    d2 = {}
    for f in ['A1', 'A2', 'A3']:
        # here i don't want any flow style
        d2[f] = CommentedSeq(['test', 'test2'])
        if f != 'A2':
            d2[f].fa.set_flow_style()
    d[m] = d2

x = ruamel.yaml.dump(
    d, Dumper=ruamel.yaml.RoundTripDumper,
    default_flow_style=False, width=50, indent=8)
print(x)

会给你:

B1:
        A1: [test, test2]
        A3: [test, test2]
        A2:
        - test
        - test2
B2:
        A1: [test, test2]
        A3: [test, test2]
        A2:
        - test
        - test2
B3:
        A1: [test, test2]
        A3: [test, test2]
        A2:
        - test
        - test2

CommentedSeq 的行为就像一个普通的 Python 列表,但允许您指定注释、设置 flow/block 样式等。

ruamel.yaml 通常用于在往返 YAML 时保留注释、flow/block 元素样式等。 IE。如果您要追加:

d2 = ruamel.yaml.load(x, Loader=ruamel.yaml.RoundTripLoader)
y = ruamel.yaml.dump(
    d2, Dumper=ruamel.yaml.RoundTripDumper, width=50, indent=8)
assert x == y

断言成立。

但它当然也可以用于从头开始生成 YAML。你可以例如还可以使用 CommentedMap 类型并保持 dict/mapping 的键有序。