C++ 运算符>> 重载问题：仅更改对象一次

Question

我有以下 Vector3D 代码，由于某些原因，cin 只能更改对象值一次。你知道为什么吗？我想这与 'const' 定义有关，但我不确定。添加代码（部分）和测试

// code:
class Vector3D
{
private:
    double _x, _y, _z;
public:
    Vector3D() : _x(0), _y(0), _z(0) {};
    Vector3D(double x, double y, double z) : _x(x), _y(y), _z(z) {};
    Vector3D(const double parm[DIMENSION]) : _x(parm[0]), _y(parm[1]), 
             _z(parm[2]) {};

    const Vector3D operator+(const Vector3D &other) const; 
    Vector3D &operator+=(const Vector3D &other);
    const double &operator[](int idx) const;
    double &operator[](int idx);
    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const Vector3D &c);
    friend istream &operator>>(istream &in, Vector3D &c);
};

const Vector3D Vector3D::operator+(const Vector3D &other) const {
    return Vector3D(*this) += other; 
}

Vector3D &Vector3D::operator+=(const Vector3D &other) {
    (*this)._x += other._x;
    (*this)._y += other._y;
    (*this)._z += other._z;
    return *this; 
}

const double &Vector3D::operator[](int idx) const {
    assert(idx >= 0 && idx < DIMENSION);
    switch (idx)
    {
        case 0:
            return _x;
        case 1:
            return _y;
        case 2:
            return _z;
        default:
            return _x; // not reachable
    }
}

double &Vector3D::operator[](int idx)
{
    assert(idx >= 0 && idx < DIMENSION);
    switch (idx)
    {
        case 0:
            return _x;
        case 1:
            return _y;
        case 2:
            return _z;
        default:
            return _x; // not reachable
    }
}

ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const Vector3D &c)
{
    out << c._x << " " << c._y << " " << c._z;
    return out;
}

istream &operator>>(istream &in, Vector3D &c)
{
    in >> c._x >> c._y >> c._z;
    return in;
}



// test: 
void readFromStreamTest(int &tests) {
    std::stringstream os;
    os << 8.0 << " " << 3.0 << " " << 4.0;
    Vector3D a;
    os >> a;
    os << a; // "8 3 4"  as should be
    os.str(std::string());
    os << 2.1 << " " << 3.1 << " " << 4.1;
    os >> a;
    os.str(std::string());
    os << a;
    if (os.str()!=("2.1 3.1 4.1"))
    {
        std::cerr << "failed. should be 2.1 3.1 4.1 but was " << a;
    }
}

测试结果："failed. should be 2.1 3.1 4.1 but was 8 3 4"（旧值！！）

Answer 1

你不能像那样使用 stringstream，在提取包含 throw os >> 之后你不能再通过 os.str(value) 或 os << 修改它如果您之前没有调用 os.clear()，例如

void readFromStreamTest(int &tests) {
  std::stringstream os;
  os << 8.0 << " " << 3.0 << " " << 4.0;
  Vector3D a;
  os >> a;
  os.clear();
  os << a; // "8 3 4"  as should be
  os.str(std::string());
  os << 2.1 << " " << 3.1 << " " << 4.1;
  os >> a;
  os.str(std::string());
  os.clear();
  os << a;
  if (os.str()!=("2.1 3.1 4.1"))
  {
    std::cerr << "failed. should be 2.1 3.1 4.1 but was " << a;
  }
}

P.S。我修改了您的原始代码以使其可编译

C++ 运算符>> 重载问题：仅更改对象一次

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