在 Node.js 中调度 CQRS 消息

Dispatching CQRS messages in Node.js

我想为 Node 应用程序做 CQRS。

我不是 Node 人员,我来自 .NET,它有一个名为 MediatR 的出色库,它可以将 commands/queries 分派给可用于分离请求和处理程序的中介。所以它允许非常简单和优雅的 CQRS。

在 Node 世界中,我发现了很多 libraries/blogs,但它们也总是包含事件溯源。我对 ES 不感兴趣。

我可以很好地为命令和查询建模,但是那又怎样呢?他们需要以解耦的方式被派往某个地方,以避免混乱。

据我目前对 Node 平台的了解,一个可能的解决方案是使用观察者模式(通过 RxJs 库),这样控制器就可以向观察者发送消息(即 CQRS 请求),然后观察者发布订阅者的相应事件(即请求处理程序)。这在类似 DDD 的设计中解耦了控制器和服务。虽然我不确定如何将结果传回控制器。

其他人也是这样吗?在 Node 中有更好的方法吗?

TL:DR :你不需要一些花哨的框架,特别是当你只进行进程内通信时,应用 CQRS 架构。原生EventEmitter from the events module is enough. If you want inter-process communication servicebus does a really good job. To take a look at an implementation exemple (of the following long version answer) you can dive into the code of this repository : simple node cqrs

让我们以一个非常简单的聊天应用程序为例,如果聊天未关闭,您可以发送消息,并且 like/unlike 消息。

我们的主要聚合(或概念上的聚合根)是 Chat (writeModel/domain/chat.js):

const Chat = ({ id, isClosed } = {}) =>
  Object.freeze({
    id,
    isClosed,
  });

然后,我们有一个 Message 聚合 (writeModel/domain/message.js) :

const Message = ({ id, chatId, userId, content, sentAt, messageLikes = [] } = {}) =>
  Object.freeze({
    id,
    chatId,
    userId,
    content,
    sentAt,
    messageLikes,
  });

发送消息的行为可能是 (writeModel/domain/chat.js) :

const invariant = require('invariant');
const { Message } = require('./message');

const Chat = ({ id, isClosed } = {}) =>
  Object.freeze({
    id,
    isClosed,
  });

const sendMessage = ({ chatState, messageId, userId, content, sentAt }) => {
  invariant(!chatState.isClosed, "can't post in a closed chat");
  return Message({ id: messageId, chatId: chatState.id, userId, content, sentAt });
};

我们现在需要命令 (writeModel/domain/commands.js) :

const commands = {
  types: {
    SEND_MESSAGE: '[chat] send a message',
  },
  sendMessage({ chatId, userId, content, sentAt }) {
    return Object.freeze({
      type: commands.types.SEND_MESSAGE,
      payload: {
        chatId,
        userId,
        content,
        sentAt,
      },
    });
  },
};

module.exports = {
  commands,
};

因为我们在 javascript,我们没有 interface 来提供抽象,所以我们使用 higher order functions (writeModel/domain/getChatOfId.js) :

const { Chat } = require('./message');

const getChatOfId = (getChatOfId = async id => Chat({ id })) => async id => {
  try {
    const chatState = await getChatOfId(id);
    if (typeof chatState === 'undefined') {
      throw chatState;
    }
    return chatState;
  } catch (e) {
    throw new Error(`chat with id ${id} was not found`);
  }
};

module.exports = {
  getChatOfId,
};

(writeModel/domain/saveMessage.js) :

const { Message } = require('./message');

const saveMessage = (saveMessage = async (messageState = Message()) => {}) => saveMessage;

module.exports = {
  saveMessage,
};

我们现在需要实现我们的commandHandlers(应用服务层):

(writeModel/commandHandlers/handleSendMessage.js)

const { sendMessage } = require('../domain/chat');

const handleSendMessage = ({
  getChatOfId,
  getNextMessageId,
  saveMessage,
}) => async sendMessageCommandPayload => {
  const { chatId, userId, content, sentAt } = sendMessageCommandPayload;
  const chat = await getChatOfId(chatId);
  return saveMessage(
    sendMessage({
      chatState: chat,
      messageId: getNextMessageId(),
      userId,
      content,
      sentAt,
    }),
  );
};

module.exports = {
  handleSendMessage,
};

由于 javascript 中没有 interface,我们使用 higher order functions 通过在运行时注入依赖项来应用依赖倒置原则。

然后我们可以实现写模型的组合根:(`writeModel/index.js) :

const { handleSendMessage } = require('./commandHandlers/handleSendMessage');
const { commands } = require('./domain/commands');

const SimpleNodeCQRSwriteModel = ({
  dispatchCommand,
  handleCommand,
  getChatOfId,
  getNextMessageId,
  saveMessage,
}) => {
  handleCommand(
    commands.types.SEND_MESSAGE,
    handleSendMessage({ getChatOfId, getNextMessageId, saveMessage }),
  );
};

module.exports = {
  SimpleNodeCQRSwriteModel,
};

你的 commandscommand handler 没有绑定在一起,然后你可以在运行时提供这些功能的实现,例如内存数据库和节点 EventEmitter ( writeModel/infrastructure/inMemory/index.js) :

const uuid = require('uuid/v1');
const { saveMessage } = require('../../domain/saveMessage');
const { getChatOfId } = require('../../domain/getChatOfId');
const { getNextMessageId } = require('../../domain/getNextMessageId');

const InMemoryRepository = (initialDbState = { chats: {}, messages: {}, users: {} }) => {
  const listeners = [];

  const db = {
    ...initialDbState,
  };

  const addOnDbUpdatedListener = onDbUpdated => listeners.push(onDbUpdated);

  const updateDb = updater => {
    updater();
    listeners.map(listener => listener(db));
  };

  const saveMessageInMemory = saveMessage(async messageState => {
    updateDb(() => (db.messages[messageState.id] = messageState));
  });

  const getChatOfIdFromMemory = getChatOfId(async id => db.chats[id]);

  const getNextMessageUuid = getNextMessageId(uuid);

  return {
    addOnDbUpdatedListener,
    saveMessage: saveMessageInMemory,
    getChatOfId: getChatOfIdFromMemory,
    getNextMessageId: getNextMessageUuid,
  };
};

module.exports = {
  InMemoryRepository,
};

我们的 TestWriteModel 将它们结合在一起 :

const EventEmitter = require('events');
const { SimpleNodeCQRSwriteModel } = require('../writeModel');
const { InMemoryRepository } = require('../writeModel/infrastructure/inMemory');

const TestWriteModel = () => {
  const { saveMessage, getChatOfId, getNextMessageId } = InMemoryRepository();
  const commandEmitter = new EventEmitter();
  const dispatchCommand = command => commandEmitter.emit(command.type, command.payload);
  const handleCommand = (commandType, commandHandler) => {
    commandEmitter.on(commandType, commandHandler);
  };
  return SimpleNodeCQRSwriteModel({
    dispatchCommand,
    handleCommand,
    getChatOfId,
    getNextMessageId,
    saveMessage,
  });
};

您可以深入研究此存储库中的代码(使用非常简单的 read model):simple node cqrs