替代 Django 的 image.url 方法？

Question

我正在使用内联表单集，以便用户可以一次上传多张图片。图像已保存并且功能符合预期，但前端除外。当我使用类似于 {{ form. image }}，我可以清楚地看到我的图像已保存，当我单击 url 时，我将被重定向到上传的文件。问题似乎是当我尝试将图像的 URL 设置为图像元素的 src 时，没有存储 absoulte url。

尝试在 <p> 标签中记录 MEDIA_URL 和 MEDIA_ROOT 没有结果。

settings.py

BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')    
ROOT_URLCONF = 'dashboard_app.urls'
STATIC_URL = '/static/' 
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
]

urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url, include
from . import views
from django.conf.urls.static import static
from django.conf import settings
app_name = 'Accounts_Namespace'
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^$', views.Register, name='Accounts_Register'),
    url(r'^change-password/$', views.ChangePassword, name="Accounts_Change_Password"),
    url(r'^login/$', views.Login, name='Accounts_Login'),
    url(r'^logout/$', views.Logout, name='Accounts_Logout'),
    url(r'^profile/$', views.ViewProfile, name='Accounts_View_Profile'),
    url(r'^profile/edit/$', views.EditProfile, name="Accounts_Edit_Profile"),
    url(r'^school/', include('student_map_app.urls', namespace="Student_Maps_Namespace")),

 ] + static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

models.py

class Gallery(models.Model):
id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
user = models.ForeignKey(get_user_model(), on_delete=models.CASCADE)
image = models.ImageField(upload_to="gallery_images")
uploaded = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True)

views.py

def EditProfile(request):
user = request.user

galleryInlineFormSet = inlineformset_factory(get_user_model(), Gallery, form=GalleryForm)
selectedUserGallery = Gallery.objects.filter(user=user).order_by('uploaded')
userGallery_initial = [{'image': selection.image} for selection in selectedUserGallery] # Using this syntax because formset initials accept dictionaries

if request.method == "POST":
    profile_form = ProfileEditForm(request.POST, instance=request.user)
    gallery_inlineformset = galleryInlineFormSet(request.POST, request.FILES)   # Essentially, we're passing a queryset

    if profile_form.is_valid() and gallery_inlineformset.is_valid():
        # Altering the User model through the UserProfile model's UserProfileForm representative
        user.first_name = profile_form.cleaned_data['first_name']
        user.last_name = profile_form.cleaned_data['last_name']
        user.save()

        new_images = []

        for gallery_form in gallery_inlineformset:
            image = gallery_form.cleaned_data.get('image')
            if image:
                new_images.append(Gallery(user=user, image=image))
        try:
            Gallery.objects.filter(user=user).delete()
            Gallery.objects.bulk_create(new_images)
            messages.success(request, 'You have updated your profile.')
        except IntegrityError:
            messages.error(request, 'There was an error saving your profile.')
            return HttpResponseRedirect('https://www.youtube.com')

else:
    profile_form = ProfileEditForm(request.user)
    gallery_inlineformset = galleryInlineFormSet(initial=userGallery_initial)

args = { 'profile_form':profile_form, 'gallery_inlineformset':gallery_inlineformset }
return render(request, 'accounts_app/editprofile.html', args)

editprofile.html

    {% block main %}
<section class="Container">
    <section class="Main-Content">
        <form id="post_form" method="POST" action='' enctype='multipart/form-data'>
            {% csrf_token %}
            {{ gallery_inlineformset.management_form }}
            {% for gallery_form in gallery_inlineformset %}
                <div class="link-formset">
                    {{ gallery_form.image }}    <!-- Show the image upload field -->
                    <p>{{ MEDIA_ROOT }}</p>
                    <p>{{ MEDIA_URL }}</p>
                    <img src="/media/{{gallery_form.image.image.url}}">
                </div>
            {% endfor %}
            <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit" />
        </form>
    </section>
</section>
{% endblock %}

再一次，当我尝试时：

<img src="{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ gallery_form.image.url }}">

我得到一个值 "unknown" 作为源，但我可以单击“{{ gallery_form.image}}”生成的 link 并查看上传的图像。尝试同时记录 "MEDIA_URL" 和 "MEDIA_ROOT" 不会产生任何结果。不太确定问题出在哪里。

Answer 1

使用 <img src="{{ gallery_form.image.url }}"> 并确保 image 不是 None

将此行添加到您的 urls.py

urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)

Answer 2

无需在图片地址前添加{{MEDIA_URL}}。因为默认情况下它会在您的图像 url 路径之前添加 /media。

还要确保将所有从 media 开始的路径添加到您的 url。

from django.conf import settings

if settings.DEBUG:
    urlpatterns += patterns('',
        (r'^media/(?P<path>.*)$', 'django.views.static.serve', {
        'document_root': settings.MEDIA_ROOT}))

当尝试在 django 模板中打印图像时 url，处理图像不存在的情况，如下所示：

<img src="{% if gallery_form.image %}{{ gallery_form.image.url }}{%else%} <default-image-path-here> {%endif%}"

Answer 3

虽然我不明白为什么我不能使用 Django 预定义的 .url() 方法，但是我确实使用了之前用户向我建议的另一种解决方案我的问题。基本上，在用户上传图片并将它们存储在数据库中之后，我们创建一个变量来存储这些图片的 URL 属性，并从模板中访问该变量。它看起来像这样：

views.py

selectedUserGallery = Gallery.objects.filter(user=user) # Get gallery objects where user is request.user
userGallery_initial = [{'image': selection.image, 'image_url':selection.image.url} for selection in selectedUserGallery if selection.image]
if request.method == "GET":
    print("--------GET REQUEST: PRESENTING PRE-EXISTING GALLERY IMAGES.-------")
    profile_form = ProfileEditForm(request.user)
    gallery_inlineformset = galleryInlineFormSet(initial=userGallery_initial)

template.html

<form id="post_form" method="POST" action='' enctype='multipart/form-data'>
            {% csrf_token %}
            {{ gallery_inlineformset.management_form }}
            {% for gallery_form in gallery_inlineformset %}
                <div class="link-formset">
                    {{ gallery_form.image }}    <!-- Show the image upload field, this is not he image var from views.py -->
                    {% if gallery_form.image is not None %}
                        <p>The image should be below:</p>
                        <img src="{{ gallery_form.initial.image_url }}">
                    {% endif %}
                </div>
            {% endfor %}
            <input type="submit" name="gallery-submit" value="Submit" />
        </form>

此外，我最终替换了原始 post 中的大部分代码，因为我不再使用 bulk_create()。

替代 Django 的 image.url 方法？

Alternative to Django's image.url method?

python

django

image

inline-formset