如何通过引用 Powershell 作业或运行空间来传递变量？

Question

我有 Powershell 工作。

$cmd = {
  param($a, $b)
  $a++
  $b++
}

$a = 1
$b = 2

Start-Job -ScriptBlock $cmd -ArgumentList $a, $b

如何通过引用传递 $a 和 $b，以便在工作完成后更新它们？或者如何通过引用传递变量到运行空间？

Answer 1

我刚写的简单示例（不要介意乱码）

# Test scriptblock
$Scriptblock = {
param([ref]$a,[ref]$b)
$a.Value = $a.Value + 1
$b.Value = $b.Value + 1
}

$testValue1 = 20 # set initial value
$testValue2 = 30 # set initial value

# Create the runspace
$Runspace = [runspacefactory]::CreateRunspace()
$Runspace.ApartmentState = [System.Threading.ApartmentState]::STA
$Runspace.Open()
# create the PS session and assign the runspace
$PS = [powershell]::Create()
$PS.Runspace = $Runspace

# add the scriptblock and add the argument as reference variables
$PS.AddScript($Scriptblock)
$PS.AddArgument([ref]$testValue1)
$PS.AddArgument([ref]$testValue2)

# Invoke the scriptblock
$PS.BeginInvoke()

在运行之后更新测试值，因为它们由 ref.

传递

Answer 2

通过引用传递参数在 PowerShell 中总是很尴尬，并且可能无论如何都不适用于 PowerShell 作业，正如指出的那样。

我可能会这样做：

$cmd = {
    Param($x, $y)
    $x+1
    $y+1
}

$a = 1
$b = 2

$a, $b = Start-Job -ScriptBlock $cmd -ArgumentList $a, $b |
         Wait-Job |
         Receive-Job

以上代码将变量 $a 和 $b 传递给脚本块，并在收到作业输出后将修改后的值分配回变量。

Answer 3

带有示例的更全面的脚本。

它还应该包括传递 $host 或其他东西的能力，使传递的脚本 write-host 输出到控制台。但我没有时间弄清楚该怎么做。

$v = 1

function newThread ([scriptblock]$script, [Parameter(ValueFromPipeline)]$param, [Parameter(ValueFromRemainingArguments)]$args) {
    process {
        $Powershell = [powershell]::Create()
        $Runspace = [runspacefactory]::CreateRunspace()
        
        # allows to limit commands available there
        # $InitialSessionState = InitialSessionState::Create()
        # $Runspace.InitialSessionState = $InitialSessionState
        
        $Powershell.Runspace = $Runspace

        $null = $Powershell.AddScript($script)
        $null = $Powershell.AddArgument($param)
        foreach ($v_f in $args) {
            $null = $Powershell.AddArgument($v_f)
        }

        $Runspace.Open()
        $Job = $Powershell.BeginInvoke()
        
        [PSCustomObject]@{
            Job=$Job
            Powershell=$Powershell
        }
    }
}

$script = {
    param([ref]$v,$v2)
    $v.Value++
    $v2
}
$thread = newThread $script ([ref]$v) 3

do {} until ($thread.Job.IsCompleted)
$v1 = $thread.Powershell.EndInvoke($thread.Job)
$thread.Powershell.Dispose()

write-host "end $($v,$v1[0])"

如何通过引用 Powershell 作业或运行空间来传递变量？

How to pass variable by reference to Powershell job or runspace?

powershell

pass-by-reference

powershell-jobs