为什么我的带有承诺的递归函数只等待一次?
Why does my recursive function with promises only wait once?
我正在尝试形象化 "Tower of Hanoi"-问题,并尝试使用 promises 让函数等待一个圆盘的运动被动画化(我用 setTimeout 模拟),然后再继续解决问题。此测试代码计算出正确的动作,但只等待动画一次,然后立即吐出其余部分:
var A = "rod A";
var B = "rod B";
var C = "rod C";
solve(3,A,C,B);
function solve (n,source,target,spare) {
var promise = new Promise(function(resolve,reject){
if (n==1) {
setTimeout(function(){
console.log("move a disc from "+source+" to "+target);
resolve();
},1000);
}
else {
solve(n-1,source,spare,target)
.then( solve( 1 ,source,target ) )
.then( solve(n-1,spare,target,source) )
.then( resolve() );
}
});
return promise;
}
对于不知道这个问题的人,我稍微简化了代码,基本上目标是打印 "move" 七次,每次之间延迟一秒:
solveTest(3);
function solveTest (n) {
var promise = new Promise(function(resolve,reject){
if (n==1) {
setTimeout(function(){
console.log("move");
resolve();
},1000);
}
else {
solveTest(n-1)
.then( solveTest( 1 ) )
.then( solveTest(n-1) )
.then( resolve() );
}
});
return promise;
}
问题是您立即调用所有调用,然后将它们的 return 值作为参数传递给 .then()
。您需要做的是将函数传递给 .then()
,然后调用它们:
function sleep (ms) {
return new Promise(function (resolve) {
setTimeout(resolve, ms)
})
}
function solve (n, source, target, spare) {
if (n === 1) {
return sleep(1000).then(function () {
console.log('move a disc from ' + source + ' to ' + target)
})
} else {
return solve(n - 1, source, spare, target).then(function () {
return solve(1, source, target, spare)
}).then(function () {
return solve(n - 1, spare, target, source)
})
}
}
solve(3, 'rod A', 'rod B', 'rod C')
但是您可以使用 async
和 await
:
使其更易于阅读
const sleep = ms => new Promise(resolve => { setTimeout(resolve, ms) })
async function solve (n, source, target, spare) {
if (n === 1) {
await sleep(1000)
console.log(`move a disc from ${source} to ${target}`)
} else {
await solve(n - 1, source, spare, target)
await solve(1, source, target, spare)
await solve(n - 1, spare, target, source)
}
}
solve(3, 'rod A', 'rod B', 'rod C')
我正在尝试形象化 "Tower of Hanoi"-问题,并尝试使用 promises 让函数等待一个圆盘的运动被动画化(我用 setTimeout 模拟),然后再继续解决问题。此测试代码计算出正确的动作,但只等待动画一次,然后立即吐出其余部分:
var A = "rod A";
var B = "rod B";
var C = "rod C";
solve(3,A,C,B);
function solve (n,source,target,spare) {
var promise = new Promise(function(resolve,reject){
if (n==1) {
setTimeout(function(){
console.log("move a disc from "+source+" to "+target);
resolve();
},1000);
}
else {
solve(n-1,source,spare,target)
.then( solve( 1 ,source,target ) )
.then( solve(n-1,spare,target,source) )
.then( resolve() );
}
});
return promise;
}
对于不知道这个问题的人,我稍微简化了代码,基本上目标是打印 "move" 七次,每次之间延迟一秒:
solveTest(3);
function solveTest (n) {
var promise = new Promise(function(resolve,reject){
if (n==1) {
setTimeout(function(){
console.log("move");
resolve();
},1000);
}
else {
solveTest(n-1)
.then( solveTest( 1 ) )
.then( solveTest(n-1) )
.then( resolve() );
}
});
return promise;
}
问题是您立即调用所有调用,然后将它们的 return 值作为参数传递给 .then()
。您需要做的是将函数传递给 .then()
,然后调用它们:
function sleep (ms) {
return new Promise(function (resolve) {
setTimeout(resolve, ms)
})
}
function solve (n, source, target, spare) {
if (n === 1) {
return sleep(1000).then(function () {
console.log('move a disc from ' + source + ' to ' + target)
})
} else {
return solve(n - 1, source, spare, target).then(function () {
return solve(1, source, target, spare)
}).then(function () {
return solve(n - 1, spare, target, source)
})
}
}
solve(3, 'rod A', 'rod B', 'rod C')
但是您可以使用 async
和 await
:
const sleep = ms => new Promise(resolve => { setTimeout(resolve, ms) })
async function solve (n, source, target, spare) {
if (n === 1) {
await sleep(1000)
console.log(`move a disc from ${source} to ${target}`)
} else {
await solve(n - 1, source, spare, target)
await solve(1, source, target, spare)
await solve(n - 1, spare, target, source)
}
}
solve(3, 'rod A', 'rod B', 'rod C')