魔术方法 __repr__ 使用 __new__ 方法导致 AttributeError
Magic method __repr__ leads to AttributeError with __new__ method
我的目标是给 numpy.ndarray 一个不同的表示,因为我想用单位表示一些数组。因此,我编写了一个 class,它从 numpy.ndarray 继承了它的属性/方法。对于另一种表示,我想使用 __repr__
魔术方法,例如:
class Quantitiy(np.ndarray):
def __new__(cls, value, unit=None, dtype=None, copy=True, order=None, subok=False, ndmin=0):
value = np.asarray(value)
obj = np.array(value, dtype=dtype, copy=copy, order=order,
subok=True, ndmin=ndmin).view(cls)
obj.__unit = util.def_unit(unit)
obj.__value = value
return obj
def __repr__(self):
prefix = '<{0} '.format(self.__class__.__name__)
sep = ','
arrstr = np.array2string(self.view(np.ndarray),
separator=sep,
prefix=prefix)
return '{0}{1} {2}>'.format(prefix, arrstr, self.__unit)
到目前为止一切正常。但是,如果我想从 numpy.ndarray 访问继承的方法,我会得到一个 AttributeError
因为 __repr__
无法解析 self.__unit
.
我试图用定义变量 self.__unit
的私有方法解决这个问题,并在 __new__
方法中调用它但没有成功:
class Quantitiy(np.ndarray):
def __new__(cls, value, unit=None, dtype=None, copy=True, order=None, subok=False, ndmin=0):
value = np.asarray(value)
obj = np.array(value, dtype=dtype, copy=copy, order=order, subok=True, ndmin=ndmin).view(cls)
# Here I call the private method to initialize self.__unit.
obj.__set_unit()
obj.__value = value
return obj
def __repr__(self):
prefix = '<{0} '.format(self.__class__.__name__)
sep = ','
arrstr = np.array2string(self.view(np.ndarray), separator=sep, prefix=prefix)
return '{0}{1} {2}>'.format(prefix, arrstr, self.__unit)
# New defined private class.
def __set_unit(self, unit):
self.__unit = util.def_unit(unit)
我无法用 __new__
方法中的 cls.__unit = util.def_unit(unit)
之类的方法解决这个问题。我已经尝试在 __new__
之后定义一个 __init__
方法。此外,我尝试将私有方法与 public 方法互换。
我的期望:
>>> array = np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8]])
>>> q = Quantity(value, unit="meter / second")
>>> q
<Quantitiy [[1,2,3,4],
[5,6,7,8]] meter/second>
>>> q * q
>>> <Quantitiy [[ 1, 4, 9,16],
[25,36,49,64]] meter**2/second**2>
>>> q.min()
>>> <Quantitiy 1 meter/second>
实际结果是:
>>> array = np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8]])
>>> q = Quantity(value, unit="meter / second")
>>> q
<Quantitiy [[1,2,3,4],
[5,6,7,8]] meter/second>
>>> q * q
>>> <Quantitiy [[ 1, 4, 9,16],
[25,36,49,64]] meter**2/second**2>
# Up to here everything works fine.
>>> q.min()
>>> AttributeError: 'Quantitiy' object has no attribute
'_Quantitiy__unit'
有没有人看到错误并可以帮助我?
好的,答案是 - 像往常一样 - in the FineManual (并且可以在搜索 "subclassing numpy ndarray" 时找到 - 这就是我实际找到它的方式),并且需要实施 __array_finalize__(self, obj)
:
import numpy as np
class Quantitiy(np.ndarray):
def __new__(cls, value, unit=None, dtype=None, copy=True, order=None, subok=False, ndmin=0):
value = np.asarray(value)
x = np.array(value, dtype=dtype, copy=copy, order=order, subok=True, ndmin=ndmin)
obj = x.view(type=cls)
obj._unit = unit
obj._value = value
return obj
def __repr__(self):
print("repr %s" % type(self))
prefix = '<{0} '.format(self.__class__.__name__)
sep = ','
arrstr = np.array2string(self.view(np.ndarray),
separator=sep,
prefix=prefix)
return '{0}{1} {2}>'.format(prefix, arrstr, self._unit)
def __array_finalize__(self, obj):
# see InfoArray.__array_finalize__ for comments
if obj is None:
return
self._unit = getattr(obj, '_unit', None)
self._value = getattr(obj, '_value', None)
我的目标是给 numpy.ndarray 一个不同的表示,因为我想用单位表示一些数组。因此,我编写了一个 class,它从 numpy.ndarray 继承了它的属性/方法。对于另一种表示,我想使用 __repr__
魔术方法,例如:
class Quantitiy(np.ndarray):
def __new__(cls, value, unit=None, dtype=None, copy=True, order=None, subok=False, ndmin=0):
value = np.asarray(value)
obj = np.array(value, dtype=dtype, copy=copy, order=order,
subok=True, ndmin=ndmin).view(cls)
obj.__unit = util.def_unit(unit)
obj.__value = value
return obj
def __repr__(self):
prefix = '<{0} '.format(self.__class__.__name__)
sep = ','
arrstr = np.array2string(self.view(np.ndarray),
separator=sep,
prefix=prefix)
return '{0}{1} {2}>'.format(prefix, arrstr, self.__unit)
到目前为止一切正常。但是,如果我想从 numpy.ndarray 访问继承的方法,我会得到一个 AttributeError
因为 __repr__
无法解析 self.__unit
.
我试图用定义变量 self.__unit
的私有方法解决这个问题,并在 __new__
方法中调用它但没有成功:
class Quantitiy(np.ndarray):
def __new__(cls, value, unit=None, dtype=None, copy=True, order=None, subok=False, ndmin=0):
value = np.asarray(value)
obj = np.array(value, dtype=dtype, copy=copy, order=order, subok=True, ndmin=ndmin).view(cls)
# Here I call the private method to initialize self.__unit.
obj.__set_unit()
obj.__value = value
return obj
def __repr__(self):
prefix = '<{0} '.format(self.__class__.__name__)
sep = ','
arrstr = np.array2string(self.view(np.ndarray), separator=sep, prefix=prefix)
return '{0}{1} {2}>'.format(prefix, arrstr, self.__unit)
# New defined private class.
def __set_unit(self, unit):
self.__unit = util.def_unit(unit)
我无法用 __new__
方法中的 cls.__unit = util.def_unit(unit)
之类的方法解决这个问题。我已经尝试在 __new__
之后定义一个 __init__
方法。此外,我尝试将私有方法与 public 方法互换。
我的期望:
>>> array = np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8]])
>>> q = Quantity(value, unit="meter / second")
>>> q
<Quantitiy [[1,2,3,4],
[5,6,7,8]] meter/second>
>>> q * q
>>> <Quantitiy [[ 1, 4, 9,16],
[25,36,49,64]] meter**2/second**2>
>>> q.min()
>>> <Quantitiy 1 meter/second>
实际结果是:
>>> array = np.array([[1, 2, 3, 4], [5, 6, 7, 8]])
>>> q = Quantity(value, unit="meter / second")
>>> q
<Quantitiy [[1,2,3,4],
[5,6,7,8]] meter/second>
>>> q * q
>>> <Quantitiy [[ 1, 4, 9,16],
[25,36,49,64]] meter**2/second**2>
# Up to here everything works fine.
>>> q.min()
>>> AttributeError: 'Quantitiy' object has no attribute
'_Quantitiy__unit'
有没有人看到错误并可以帮助我?
好的,答案是 - 像往常一样 - in the FineManual (并且可以在搜索 "subclassing numpy ndarray" 时找到 - 这就是我实际找到它的方式),并且需要实施 __array_finalize__(self, obj)
:
import numpy as np
class Quantitiy(np.ndarray):
def __new__(cls, value, unit=None, dtype=None, copy=True, order=None, subok=False, ndmin=0):
value = np.asarray(value)
x = np.array(value, dtype=dtype, copy=copy, order=order, subok=True, ndmin=ndmin)
obj = x.view(type=cls)
obj._unit = unit
obj._value = value
return obj
def __repr__(self):
print("repr %s" % type(self))
prefix = '<{0} '.format(self.__class__.__name__)
sep = ','
arrstr = np.array2string(self.view(np.ndarray),
separator=sep,
prefix=prefix)
return '{0}{1} {2}>'.format(prefix, arrstr, self._unit)
def __array_finalize__(self, obj):
# see InfoArray.__array_finalize__ for comments
if obj is None:
return
self._unit = getattr(obj, '_unit', None)
self._value = getattr(obj, '_value', None)