Python - 无法发送 Post 登录表单请求

Question

我正在尝试发送 POST 消息以登录到 Web 界面、进行身份验证并使用 cookie 下载设备上的可用历史数据。

问题：我的 POST 请求似乎无法正常工作，因为代码一直无法通过身份验证并且 returns 登录源页面内容并且没有 cookie。我认为我使用的表单数据不正确但不确定哪里出了问题？

from requests import session

payload = {
    'action': 'login_form',
    'login_user': 'niino4879',
    'login_password': 'password' #Not the actual password . :)
}

with session() as c:
    c.post('https://secure.advfn.com/login/secure', data=payload)
    response = c.get('https://mx.advfn.com/bolsa-de-valores/BMV/homex-HOMEX*/historico/descargar')
    print(response.headers)
    print(response.text)
    with open('response1.csv', 'wb') as itd:
            itd.write(response.content)
            itd.close()

设备登录web界面的源代码

<div class="wr wr-login">
    <div class="ct">
            <div id="formPage_wrapper">
                <div id="login_form" class="Element LoginElement "><div id="login_form_element">

    <div id="login_error">Sesión incorrecta - trate de nuevo</div>
    <div id="preloader" style="text-align:center;display:none; margin-bottom:10px;"><img id="indicator" style="display:inline;" src="/common/images/bgs/ajax-loader.gif" alt="loading"></div>
    <div id="form_group_wrapper">
        <div class="col col-1">
            <div id="form_wrapper">
                <form action="https://secure.advfn.com/login/secure" id="login_form" name="login_form" method="POST" target="">

                <input type="hidden" value="aHR0cHM6Ly9teC5hZHZmbi5jb20vY29tbW9uL2FjY291bnQvbG9naW4=" name="redirect_url" id="redirect_url">
                <input type="hidden" value="mx" name="site" id="site">

                <div class="fields">
                <label for="login_username">Usuario</label> 
                    <input type="text" tabindex="1" class="text ui-widget-content" value="niino4879" id="login_username" name="login_username" maxlength="64">
                </div>

                <div class="fields">
                <label for="login_password">Contraseña</label> 
                    <input tabindex="2" type="password" class="text ui-widget-content" value="" id="login_password" name="login_password" maxlength="16">
                </div>

                <div class="fields lost-pass">
                    <strong><a href="/common/account/password/request">¿Olvido su contraseña?</a></strong> &nbsp;
                    <input class="button" tabindex="3" type="submit" value="Iniciar" id="login_submit">
                </div>
            </form> 
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="col col-2">
        <ul id="support_links"><li><a href="mailto:soporte@advfn.mx?subject=Ayuda Sesion" title="Contactar soporte al cliente">soporte@advfn.mx</a></li></ul>
    </div>
    <div class="fields create-account"><span class="break">¿No tienes una cuenta?</span> <span class="break"> <a href="/common/account/register"> Crea una ahora</a></span></div>
</div>

我看到表单操作：

<form action="https://secure.advfn.com/login/secure" id="login_form" name="login_form" method="POST" target="">

这是认证成功后的源代码 （手动登录）

<html lang="es-MX"><head><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin" id="23c7310400b0c86" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" width="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="0" style="height:0px;width:0px;display:none;" scrolling="no" src="//acdn.adnxs.com/ib/static/usersync/v3/async_usersync.html">
    </iframe><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts allow-same-origin" id="22d11e897c80e36" frameborder="0" allowtransparency="true" marginheight="0" marginwidth="0" width="0" hspace="0" vspace="0" height="0" style="height:0px;width:0px;display:none;" scrolling="no" src="//biddr.brealtime.com/check.html">
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                <header>
                    <h1>
                        <a href="/" title="Página de Incio ADVFN" style="background: url(/common/images/logos/advfn_112x29.png) no-repeat 0 0;">ADVFN PLC</a>
                    </h1>
                </header>
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                <span id="header-quote-search">
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能否请您告知获得身份验证和发送 POST 请求并登录网站的正确方法？

谢谢！！

Answer 1

您使用的登录请求数据不是实际发送的数据（至少在我这边）

根据您的代码，请求有以下数据：

动作
login_user
login_password

然而，它实际上具有以下特点：

redirect_url
网站
login_user姓名
login_password

此外，您没有包括 "Content-Type" header 这可能也会造成一些麻烦因为服务器可能不会将请求视为 "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" 而是 "application/octet-stream"。在 POST 请求上发送 "Content-Type" header 不是强制性的，但始终建议这样做，因为服务器可能无法解释正在发送的数据。然而，这是一个大胆的猜测，它可能不是问题所在。

我写了下面的代码，它成功登录了。您可以通过取消最后两行的注释来测试它。

    import requests

    s = requests.session()

    loginUrl = "https://secure.advfn.com/login/secure"
    headers = {
    "Content-Type":"application/x-www-form-urlencoded" #You must send this
    }

    login_data = {
    "redirect_url":"aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuYWR2Zm4uY29tL2NvbW1vbi9hY2NvdW50L2xvZ2lu",  #This value is sent on the request and is missing in yours
    "site":"www", #This value is sent on the request and is missing in yours
    "login_username":"user",
    "login_password":"password"
    }

    r = s.post(loginUrl, headers=headers, data=login_data)

    #r0 = s.get("https://investorshub.advfn.com/boards/myaccount.aspx", headers=headers).text --> Use this two lines to check it works. It goes to the profile page and prints the username.
    #print(r0.split("<td id=\"ctl00_CP1_tdLoginID\">")[1].split("</td>")[0])

Python - 无法发送 Post 登录表单请求

Python - Unable to Send Post Request to login form

python-3.x

python-requests

python-requests-html