在 useEffect 中使用 componentDidUpdate 代码以及 DidMount 和 UnMount

Question

我正在尝试将我的代码迁移到支持反应钩子的新反应。我正在使用 useReducer、useState 和 useEffect。我可以在我的代码中使用 DidMount 和 UnMount 但不知道我如何实现 DidUpdate 部分，因为这可能会造成重新渲染问题。

这是我的做法

旧代码

class ImageBoard extends React.Component {
    constructor() {
      super();
      this.state = {
        canvas: undefined,
        selected: undefined
      };
    }

    handleDeleteKey(event) {
      if (event.keyCode === 46 || event.keyCode === 8) {
        event.preventDefault();
        if (this.state.selected !== undefined) {
          this.state.canvas.remove(this.state.selected);
          this.setState({ selected: undefined });
        }
      }
    }

    componentDidMount() {
      const canvas = new fabric.Canvas("canvas");
      document.addEventListener("keydown",this.handleDeleteKey.bind(this),false);
      canvas.on("object:selected", e => this.setState({ selected: e.target }));
      canvas.on("selection:cleared", e => this.setState({ selected: undefined }));
      this.setState({ canvas: canvas });
      this.setCanvasBackground(this.props.getSelectedImage, canvas);
    }

    componentDidUpdate(prevProps) {
      if (prevProps.getSelectedImage !== this.props.getSelectedImage) {
        this.setCanvasBackground(this.props.getSelectedImage,this.state.canvas);
      }

    }

更改为以下新代码

const ImageBoard = () => {
  let canvasEl = React.useRef(null);
  const [selected, setSelected] = React.useState(null)
  const [canvas, setCanvas] = React.useState(null)
 const [state, _] = React.useReducer(imagesReducer, [])

  const handleDeleteKey = event => {
    if (event.keyCode === 46 || event.keyCode === 8) {
      event.preventDefault();
      if (selected !== undefined) {
        canvas.remove(selected);
        setSelected(undefined);
      }
    }
  }

  React.useEffect(() => {
    const canvas = new fabric.Canvas("canvas");
    document.addEventListener(
      "keydown",
      handleDeleteKey,
      false
    );
    canvas.on("object:selected", e => setSelected(e.target));
    canvas.on("selection:cleared", e => setSelected(undefined));
    setCanvas(canvas);
    setCanvasBackground(state.images.selectedImage, canvas);
    return () => {
      document.removeEventListener("keydown", handleDeleteKey, false);
    }
  }, [])

如何在 useEffect 中编写以下代码片段？

componentDidUpdate(prevProps) {
          if (prevProps.getSelectedImage !== this.props.getSelectedImage) {
            this.setCanvasBackground(this.props.getSelectedImage,this.state.canvas);
          }
          this.setCanvasBackground(this.props.getSelectedImage,this.state.canvas);
        }

Answer 1

如果目的是避免在接收到相同的 props 时进行不必要的更新，并且这适用于所有 props 而不仅仅是 getSelectedImage，则可以将组件设为纯组件：

const ImageBoard = memo(props => { ... });

所以组件只会在收到新的道具时重新渲染，包括useEffect:

  useEffect(() => {
    // runs every time the component is rendered
    setCanvasBackground(props.getSelectedImage, canvas);
  })

如果仅当接收到特定属性的新值时才评估组件的一部分，例如 getSelectedImage，这将通过 useMemo 或 useEffect 挂钩完成，具体取决于案件。由于 useEffect 可以同时充当 componentDidUpdate 和 componentDidMount，因此应该考虑到这一点。

  useEffect(() => {
    // runs once on mount
    const canvas = new fabric.Canvas("canvas");
    document.addEventListener(
      "keydown",
      handleDeleteKey,
      false
    );
    canvas.on("object:selected", e => setSelected(e.target));
    canvas.on("selection:cleared", e => setSelected(undefined));
    setCanvas(canvas);
    // setCanvasBackground is moved to another hook
    return () => {
      document.removeEventListener("keydown", handleDeleteKey, false);
    }
  }, [])

  useEffect(() => {
    // runs every time new getSelectedImage is received, including initial render
    setCanvasBackground(props.getSelectedImage, canvas);
  }, [props.getSelectedImage])

在 useEffect 中使用 componentDidUpdate 代码以及 DidMount 和 UnMount

use componentDidUpdate code along with DidMount and UnMount in useEffect

javascript

reactjs

react-hooks