"Job for httpd.service failed because the control process exited with error code." 我该如何解决这个问题？

Question

通过 Certbot 安装 SSL 证书后，我的网站出现错误消息 "too many redirects"。经过一些研究，我认为我必须在某个地方从 HTTPS -> HTTP 进行重定向，所以我试图修复它，但似乎我把它弄得更糟了，Apache 将不再启动。我是一个完全的初学者，所以我很难理解哪里出了问题。

我正在设置一个 VPS 与 CentOS7 通过 SSH 访问来托管一个简单的 html 网站。我设置了基础知识（相关的可能是 UFW 防火墙、Cloudflare 作为 DNS、Apache 2.4.6）并设法在我的域上显示测试页面。

然后我继续使用本教程设置我的虚拟主机：https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-set-up-apache-virtual-hosts-on-centos-7 按照本教程设置 letsencrypt：https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-secure-apache-with-let-s-encrypt-on-centos-7

在此之后，我最初在尝试访问我的域时收到错误消息 "too many redirects"，该域以前工作正常。虽然连续四个小时试图修复此问题，但我现在把事情搞砸了，以至于 Apache 似乎无法启动。

现在，当我执行 $ sudo systemctl restart httpd 时，我收到错误消息 "Job for httpd.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status httpd.service" 和 "journalctl -xe" 了解详细信息。"

[USER@host ~]$ sudo systemctl status httpd.service
* httpd.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Wed 2019-01-23 00:57:39 UTC; 20s ago
     Docs: man:httpd(8)
           man:apachectl(8)
  Process: 26023 ExecStop=/bin/kill -WINCH ${MAINPID} (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
  Process: 24468 ExecReload=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -k graceful (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
  Process: 26021 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/httpd $OPTIONS -DFOREGROUND (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
 Main PID: 26021 (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)

Jan 23 00:57:39 host systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
Jan 23 00:57:39 host systemd[1]: httpd.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Jan 23 00:57:39 host kill[26023]: kill: cannot find process ""
Jan 23 00:57:39 host systemd[1]: httpd.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
Jan 23 00:57:39 host systemd[1]: Failed to start The Apache HTTP Server.
Jan 23 00:57:39 host systemd[1]: Unit httpd.service entered failed state.
Jan 23 00:57:39 host systemd[1]: httpd.service failed.

我对 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 所做的唯一更改是将底部的 IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf 更改为 IncludeOptional sites-enabled/*.conf

我的虚拟主机设置目前如下：

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerName www.example.com
    DocumentRoot /var/www/example.com/public_html
    Redirect / https://www.example.com/
</VirtualHost>

<VirtualHost _default_:443>
    ServerName www.example.com
    ServerAlias example.com
    DocumentRoot /var/www/example.com/public_html
    ErrorLog /var/www/example.com/error.log
    CustomLog /var/www/example.com/requests.log combined
    SSLEngine on
</VirtualHost>

如有任何错误提示，我们将不胜感激。

Answer 1

您应该在配置中添加证书、此证书的密钥和中间证书。这看起来像：

SSLEngine on
SSLCertificateFile "/path/to/www.example.com.cert"
SSLCertificateKeyFile "/path/to/www.example.com.key"
SSLCACertificateFile "conf/ssl.crt/ca.crt"

有关详细信息，请查看 apache documentation

Answer 2

因为我使用了 letsencrypt，它看起来像这样：

    SSLEngine on
    SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/cert.pem
    SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/privkey.pem
    SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/example.com/chain.pem

这解决了 apache 的错误。 SSL 加密还没有工作，如果我发现这是这些行的问题，我会回来更新它。

编辑：此设置现在对我来说工作正常。 SSL 加密不起作用的问题是由于 Cloudflare 中的 "off" 上有 SSL，这创建了一个重定向循环。

"Job for httpd.service failed because the control process exited with error code." 我该如何解决这个问题？

"Job for httpd.service failed because the control process exited with error code." How do I fix this?

apache

ssl

centos

certbot