如何使用 Cakephp 3.0 上传文件？

Question

我正在尝试在 cakephp 上创建文件上传，但我找不到任何像样的 cakephp 3.0 详细教程，而且我不明白如何安装插件。

我在添加部分有这个

echo $this->Form->create('filename', array('action' => 'upload', 'type' => 'file'));
echo $this->Form->file('filename');

我还没有在控制器中添加任何东西

/**
 * Index method
 *
 * @return void
 */
public function index()
{
    $this->paginate = [
        'contain' => ['Courses']
    ];
    $this->set('contents', $this->paginate($this->Contents));
    $this->set('_serialize', ['contents']);
}

/**
 * View method
 *
 * @param string|null $id Content id.
 * @return void
 * @throws \Cake\Network\Exception\NotFoundException When record not found.
 */
public function view($id = null)
{
    $content = $this->Contents->get($id, [
        'contain' => ['Courses']
    ]);
    $this->set('content', $content);
    $this->set('_serialize', ['content']);
}

/**
 * Add method
 *
 * @return void Redirects on successful add, renders view otherwise.
 */
public function add()
{
    $content = $this->Contents->newEntity();
    if ($this->request->is('post')) {
        $content = $this->Contents->patchEntity($content, $this->request->data);
        if ($this->Contents->save($content)) {
            $this->Flash->success('The content has been saved.');
            return $this->redirect(['action' => 'index']);
        } else {
            $this->Flash->error('The content could not be saved. Please, try again.');
        }
    }
    $courses = $this->Contents->Courses->find('list', ['limit' => 200]);
    $this->set(compact('content', 'courses'));
    $this->set('_serialize', ['content']);
}

/**
 * Edit method
 *
 * @param string|null $id Content id.
 * @return void Redirects on successful edit, renders view otherwise.
 * @throws \Cake\Network\Exception\NotFoundException When record not found.
 */
public function edit($id = null)
{
    $content = $this->Contents->get($id, [
        'contain' => []
    ]);
    if ($this->request->is(['patch', 'post', 'put'])) {
        $content = $this->Contents->patchEntity($content, $this->request->data);
        if ($this->Contents->save($content)) {
            $this->Flash->success('The content has been saved.');
            return $this->redirect(['action' => 'index']);
        } else {
            $this->Flash->error('The content could not be saved. Please, try again.');
        }
    }
    $courses = $this->Contents->Courses->find('list', ['limit' => 200]);
    $this->set(compact('content', 'courses'));
    $this->set('_serialize', ['content']);
}

/**
 * Delete method
 *
 * @param string|null $id Content id.
 * @return void Redirects to index.
 * @throws \Cake\Network\Exception\NotFoundException When record not found.
 */
public function delete($id = null)
{
    $this->request->allowMethod(['post', 'delete']);
    $content = $this->Contents->get($id);
    if ($this->Contents->delete($content)) {
        $this->Flash->success('The content has been deleted.');
    } else {
        $this->Flash->error('The content could not be deleted. Please, try again.');
    }
    return $this->redirect(['action' => 'index']);
}

但在这之后不知道该怎么办。

Answer 1

首先，您需要决定何时处理上传。我设法使用 beforeMarshal 方法和 afterSave 方法创建了一个肮脏的（但有效的）方法（我将在最后解释为什么这两个）。

如果您创建文件输入如下：

<?= $this->Form->file('submittedfile', ['class' => 'form-control input-upload', 'style' => 'height:100px']) ?>

或 hasMany 关联：

<?= $this->Form->file('images.'.$i.'.submittedfile', ['class' => 'form-control input-upload', 'style' => 'height:100px']) ?>

并且您定义了正确的关联：

$this->hasMany('Images', [
            'foreignKey' => 'model_id'
        ]);

您可以在修补和保存实体之前处理这些文件：

public function beforeMarshal(Event $event, \ArrayObject $data, \ArrayObject $options) {
        $images = array();
        $dir = md5(time().$data['name']);
        for ($i = 0; $i < count($data['images']); $i++) {
            $image = $data['images'][$i]['submittedfile'];
            if (!empty($image['name'])) {
                if(!isset($data['id'])) {
                    $data['temp_dir'] = $dir;
                }
                else {
                    $dir = $data['id'];
                }
                if ($this->Images->uploadFile(array('img', 'model', $dir), $image) === true) {
                    $images[] = array('name' => pathinfo($image['name'], PATHINFO_FILENAME), 'ext' => pathinfo($image['name'], PATHINFO_EXTENSION));
                }
            }
        }
        $data['images'] = $images;
    }

这当然是一个例子。我决定检查实体上是否设置了 ID 属性（例如编辑），因为如果没有（例如创建），您必须以某种方式确定正确的路径。

这里有文件上传功能：

public function uploadDir($path = array()) {
        return $this->wwwRoot . implode(DS, $path);
    }

    public function uploadFile($path = array(), $filetoupload = null) {
        if (!$filetoupload) {
            return false;
        }
        $dir = new Folder($this->uploadDir($path), true, 755);
        $tmp_file = new File($filetoupload['tmp_name']);
        if (!$tmp_file->exists()) {
            return false;
        }
        $file = new File($dir->path . DS . $filetoupload['name']);
        if (!$tmp_file->copy($dir->pwd() . DS . $filetoupload['name'])) {
            return false;
        }
        $file->close();
        $tmp_file->delete();
        return true;
    }

如果您在没有主实体 ID 的子目录时添加图像，则必须在获得 ID 后立即重命名目录：

public function afterSave(Event $event, Entity $entity, \ArrayObject $options) {
        if(!empty($entity->temp_dir)) {
            $this->Images->renameFolder(array('img', 'model', $entity->temp_dir),$entity->id);
        }
    }

呼叫：

public function renameFolder($path = array(), $newName) {
        $oldPath = $this->wwwRoot . implode(DS, $path);
        $nameToChange = array_pop($path);
        array_push($path, $newName);
        $newPath = $this->wwwRoot . implode(DS, $path);
        return rename($oldPath, $newPath);
    }

使用 beforeMarshal，您可以在整个实体准备好保存之前将文件数据注入实体结构（使用关联）。
使用 afterSave，您可以识别主要对象 ID 并调用您之前上传的对象集。
请记住设置将文件保存到目录的递归权限，以及创建和重命名目录的权限。

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