LKM - 无法编译模块 - 缺少头文件但安装了头包

LKM - can't compile module - missing headers files but header packages are installed

所以我一直在尝试在我的 Ubuntu 18.04 运行 4.15.0-43-generic 和 linux-headers- 上编译一个简单的 "Hello world" LKM 4.15.0-43 已安装。

这是代码:

#define MODULE
#define LINUX
#define __KERNEL__

#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>

int init_module(void)
{
    printk(KERN_DEBUG "Hello World!");
    return 0;
}

module_init( init_module );

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Hello world");

这是我的 Makefile:

CC      := gcc
WARN    := -W -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes
INCLUDE := -isystem /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build/include
CFLAGS  := -O2 -c $(WARN) $(INCLUDE)
SOURCES := helloworld.c
TARGET  := helloworld.ko

all:
    $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(SOURCES) -o $(TARGET)

这些是/lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build/include

的内容
acpi  asm-generic  clocksource  config  crypto  drm  dt-bindings  generated  keys  kvm  linux  math-emu  media  memory  misc  net  pcmcia  ras  rdma  scsi  soc  sound  target  trace  uapi  video  xen

我得到了一个 fatal error: asm/barrier.h: No such file or directory ,这是可以预料的,因为 asm 目录不存在。请参阅下面的完整输出:

gcc -O2 -c -W -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -isystem /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build/include helloworld.c -o helloworld.ko
In file included from /usr/src/linux-headers-4.15.0-43/include/linux/init.h:5:0,
                 from helloworld.c:5:
/usr/src/linux-headers-4.15.0-43/include/linux/compiler.h:247:10: fatal error: asm/barrier.h: No such file or directory
 #include <asm/barrier.h>
          ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
Makefile:9: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 1

对...所以我想如果我创建一个 symlink 的 asm-generic 到 asm 会怎样?

sudo ln -s /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build/include/asm-generic /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build/include/asm

ls -ld /lib/modules/$(uname -r)/build/include/asm 确认 link 在那里:

lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 56 Jan 24 19:51 /lib/modules/4.15.0-43-generic/build/include/asm -> /lib/modules/4.15.0-43-generic/build/include/asm-generic

一切正常吗?不 :( 现在它抱怨 asm/thread_info.h 找不到(在我做了 symlink 之后)。

gcc -O2 -c -W -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -isystem /lib/modules/`uname -r`/build/include helloworld.c -o helloworld.ko
In file included from /lib/modules/4.15.0-43-generic/build/include/asm/preempt.h:5:0,
                 from /usr/src/linux-headers-4.15.0-43/include/linux/preempt.h:81,
                 from /usr/src/linux-headers-4.15.0-43/include/linux/spinlock.h:51,
                 from /usr/src/linux-headers-4.15.0-43/include/linux/seqlock.h:36,
                 from /usr/src/linux-headers-4.15.0-43/include/linux/time.h:6,
                 from /usr/src/linux-headers-4.15.0-43/include/linux/stat.h:19,
                 from /usr/src/linux-headers-4.15.0-43/include/linux/module.h:10,
                 from helloworld.c:6:
/usr/src/linux-headers-4.15.0-43/include/linux/thread_info.h:38:10: fatal error: asm/thread_info.h: No such file or directory
#include <asm/thread_info.h>
         ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
Makefile:9: recipe for target 'all' failed
make: *** [all] Error 1

我从一开始就知道 symlink 是个坏主意。

我也尝试包含 /usr/src/linux-headers-4.15.0-43/include 而不是 /lib/modules/... 但长话短说,"asm" 目录不在 /usr/src/linux-headers-4.15.0-43/include/ 和 symlink 中将 /usr/src/linux-headers-4.15.0-43/include/asm-generic 转换为 /usr/src/linux-headers-4.15.0-43/include/asm 会产生与上述相同的问题。

我知道问题出在哪里,显然头文件丢失了,但问题是我找不到它们,我从哪里得到它们?软件包已安装:

$ dpkg -l | grep linux-headers-
ii  linux-headers-4.15.0-23        
ii  linux-headers-4.15.0-43        
ii  linux-headers-4.15.0-43-generic
ii  linux-headers-generic          

我都试过了,似乎都有同样的问题。

好的,多亏了 Tsyvarev,我在进一步阅读后发现了问题 :)

问题的主要原因是我的 Makefile,以下 对我有用:

obj-m += helloworld.o

all:
    make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules

clean:
    make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean

这解决了我遇到的原始问题,弹出了与此线程无关的新问题,但都已解决。