Pycharm 看不到Oracle Client，虽然添加了。 Sqlalchemy，Python

Question

我正在尝试运行我在pycharmie中的python代码，它连接到数据库，虽然它从命令行成功，PyCharm returns以下错误。

在我看来，我已将 pycharma 设置中的所有必要更改添加到运行 Oracle 客户端。

My_file.py

import sqlalchemy as db
engine = db.create_engine('dialect+driver://user:pass@host:port/db')
connection = enigne.connect()

来自 PyCharm

的错误

/home/tymoteusz/Desktop/test/venv/bin/python /home/tymoteusz/Desktop/my_task_sqlalchemy/test_document.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 2221, in _wrap_pool_connect
    return fn()
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 356, in unique_connection
    return _ConnectionFairy._checkout(self)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 811, in _checkout
    fairy = _ConnectionRecord.checkout(pool)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 543, in checkout
    rec = pool._do_get()
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 1239, in _do_get
    self._dec_overflow()
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py", line 67, in __exit__
    compat.reraise(exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 277, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 1236, in _do_get
    return self._create_connection()
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 361, in _create_connection
    return _ConnectionRecord(self)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 488, in __init__
    self.__connect(first_connect_check=True)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 690, in __connect
    connection = pool._invoke_creator(self)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/strategies.py", line 114, in connect
    return dialect.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 437, in connect
    return self.dbapi.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
cx_Oracle.DatabaseError: DPI-1047: 64-bit Oracle Client library cannot be loaded: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory". See https://oracle.github.io/odpi/doc/installation.html#linux for help

The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/tymoteusz/Desktop/my_task_sqlalchemy/test_document.py", line 6, in <module>
    connection = engine.connect()
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 2164, in connect
    return self._connection_cls(self, **kwargs)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 103, in __init__
    else engine.raw_connection()
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 2252, in raw_connection
    self.pool.unique_connection, _connection
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 2225, in _wrap_pool_connect
    e, dialect, self
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1522, in _handle_dbapi_exception_noconnection
    util.raise_from_cause(sqlalchemy_exception, exc_info)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 296, in raise_from_cause
    reraise(type(exception), exception, tb=exc_tb, cause=cause)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 276, in reraise
    raise value.with_traceback(tb)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 2221, in _wrap_pool_connect
    return fn()
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 356, in unique_connection
    return _ConnectionFairy._checkout(self)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 811, in _checkout
    fairy = _ConnectionRecord.checkout(pool)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 543, in checkout
    rec = pool._do_get()
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 1239, in _do_get
    self._dec_overflow()
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py", line 67, in __exit__
    compat.reraise(exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 277, in reraise
    raise value
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 1236, in _do_get
    return self._create_connection()
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 361, in _create_connection
    return _ConnectionRecord(self)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 488, in __init__
    self.__connect(first_connect_check=True)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 690, in __connect
    connection = pool._invoke_creator(self)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/strategies.py", line 114, in connect
    return dialect.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
  File "/home/tymoteusz/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 437, in connect
    return self.dbapi.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
sqlalchemy.exc.DatabaseError: (cx_Oracle.DatabaseError) DPI-1047: 64-bit Oracle Client library cannot be loaded: "libclntsh.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory". See https://oracle.github.io/odpi/doc/installation.html#linux for help (Background on this error at: http://sqlalche.me/e/4xp6)

Process finished with exit code 1

我该如何解决我的问题？为什么Terminal启动代码不返回错误，而PyCharm returns与Oracle Client Library相关的错误。

我们将不胜感激。

Answer 1

如果您在 macOS 上执行此操作（我从您设置 DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH 的方式猜测），那么您需要将 Oracle Instant Client 放在 ~/lib 中或如 cx_Oracle 安装说明 https://cx-oracle.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installation.html#install-oracle-instant-client 因为 macOS 上的 SIP 安全性现在停止 DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH 在子 shell 中工作。

我还建议使用 Instant Client 12.2，除非您确实需要连接到非常旧的数据库版本。使用 12.2 客户端，您可以连接到 Oracle DB 10.2 或更高版本。

Pycharm 看不到Oracle Client，虽然添加了。 Sqlalchemy，Python

Pycharm can not see the Oracle Client, although it is added. Sqlalchemy, Python

python

sqlalchemy

pycharm

oracleclient