如何处理两个单独文件中的异步?

How to handle asynchronny in two separate files?

我目前有两个文件。

  1. delay.js :为了简化示例的演示目的,假设文件包含一个异步函数。 (显然实际文件要复杂得多)

    var delay = (ms) => (new Promise(res => setTimeout(res, ms)));
    
    delay(4000)
       .then( () => console.log('delay.js has finished');
    
  2. gravity.js:一个简单的 canvas 游乐场:

// Canvas settings:
const canvas = document.querySelector('canvas');
const c = canvas.getContext('2d');

canvas.width = window.innerWidth;
canvas.height = window.innerHeight;

// in case somebody re-sizes the window
canvas.addEventListener("resize", function(){
  canvas.width = window.innerWidth;
  canvas.height = window.innerHeight;
});


function CanvasEl(x, y, v, width, height, f, g){
  this.x = x;
  this.y = y;
  this.v = v;

  this.draw = function(){
    c.fillRect(this.x, this.y, width, height);
  }

  this.gravitate = function(){

    if ( this.y + height >= window.innerHeight){
      this.v = -this.v;
      this.v = this.v * f;
    } else {
      this.v += g;
    }

    this.y += this.v;

    this.draw();
  }

}

var rect = new CanvasEl(0, 0, 2, window.innerWidth, 50, 0.76, 0.56);

function animate(){
  window.requestAnimationFrame(animate); // recursive (loop) for animation

  c.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);
  rect.gravitate();
}

animate();
<canvas></canvas>


Now what I want to achieve:
Is to somehow link these two files together, basically once delay.js finishes, only then gravity.js should fire.

有没有什么方法可以应用 .then( () => animate()),而不必将 gravity.js 代码复制粘贴到 delay.js 中? -- 基本上我更愿意将两个文件分开


我知道 Promise.allawait 命令,但我想不出办法,如果没有代码在一个文件中,我怎么能应用它们。

您可以让 gravity.js 监听 window 上的事件,并仅在该事件触发时激活其代码。 delay 完成后,触发该事件,以便 gravity.js 看到它并开始 运行。

console.log('start');

// delay.js
var delay = (ms) => (new Promise(res => setTimeout(res, ms)));
delay(1000)
  .then(() => {
    console.log('delay.js has finished');
    window.dispatchEvent(new Event('delayDone'));
  });
  
// gravity.js
window.addEventListener('delayDone', () => {
  console.log('running gravity code');
  // insert gravity code here
});

事件和侦听器不是 必需的 - 另一种可能性是将 Promise 放在全局可访问的对象上并让 gravity.js 调用 .then 就可以了:

console.log('start');

// delay.js
var delay = (ms) => (new Promise(res => setTimeout(res, ms)));
window.delayProm = delay(1000)
  .then(() => {
    console.log('delay.js has finished');
  });
  
// gravity.js
window.delayProm
  .then(() => {
    console.log('running gravity code');
    // insert gravity code here
  });

但这会污染全局范围。

您需要将指示 delay.js 结果的承诺存储在全局变量中:

// delay.js
…
var gravityResult = delay(4000)
   .then( () => console.log('delay.js has finished');

然后你可以在另一个文件中使用它:

// gravity.js
…
gravityResult.then(animate); // instead of calling `animate()` right away

适当地命名全局变量(或者甚至使用适当的模块系统来避免全局变量并获得声明性依赖),并且如果可能的话用动画实际等待的值解析承诺。