覆盖从 Maven 导入继承的 maven-surefire-plugin 的版本

Override the version of maven-surefire-plugin inherited from a Maven import

我的项目是由 Maven 驱动的,使用的 POM 不是我自己制作的(from Vaadin). Apparently the POM file I see in my project depends on some kind of inheritance of other POM files. While I see no dependency for the maven-surefire-plugin 在我自己的 POM 中,这个工件是在我的项目中找到的,正如您在这张截图的右侧所见IntelliJ 2019.

我不是 Maven maven,所以我不知道确切的细节,但在四处寻找时我发现了一些 import 行,所以我猜 Maven POM 可以动态地从其他 POM 继承。

问题是我项目中的 maven-surefire-plugin 版本很旧,版本 2.12.4。我正在尝试 运行 JUnit 5, which requires 2.22.0 or later. The current version3.0.0-M3

查看那个粉红色箭头的左端,您可以看到我在我的 POM 中添加了一个 dependency 元素。

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.0-M3</version>
    </dependency>

在左箭头提示上,我要求 3.0.0-M3 试图覆盖在右箭头提示上看到的神秘 imported/inherited 指定版本 2.12.4。但是我的尝试失败了,因为旧版本在执行 Maven cleaninstall 后仍然存在。我什至尝试重新启动 IntelliJ。但是不行,当运行使用 Maven test 时,我的 JUnit 5 测试仍然被忽略。

➥ 是否有一些方法可以覆盖显然从某个神秘来源继承的依赖项的版本?

这是我的 POM,在尝试添加 <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> 依赖项失败之前。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.basilbourque.acmeapp</groupId>
    <artifactId>acmeapp</artifactId>
    <name>AcmeApp</name>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>war</packaging>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml>

        <!--<vaadin.version>11.0.1</vaadin.version>-->
        <!--<vaadin.version>12.0.0.beta1</vaadin.version>-->
        <vaadin.version>13.0.0.alpha3</vaadin.version>
    </properties>

    <repositories>
        <!-- Repository used by many Vaadin add-ons -->
        <repository>
            <id>Vaadin Directory</id>
            <url>http://maven.vaadin.com/vaadin-addons</url>
        </repository>

        <repository>
            <id>vaadin-prereleases</id>
            <url>https://maven.vaadin.com/vaadin-prereleases</url>
        </repository>

    </repositories>

    <pluginRepositories>
        <!-- Repository needed for prerelease versions of Vaadin -->
        <pluginRepository>
            <id>vaadin-prereleases</id>
            <url>https://maven.vaadin.com/vaadin-prereleases</url>
        </pluginRepository>
    </pluginRepositories>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
                <artifactId>vaadin-bom</artifactId>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
                <version>${vaadin.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
            <artifactId>vaadin-core</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Added to provide logging output as Flow uses -->
        <!-- the unbound SLF4J no-operation (NOP) logger implementation -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <!--<version>3.1.0</version>-->
            <version>4.0.1</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

        <!--JUnit 5-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
            <version>5.4.0-RC1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!-- Jetty plugin for easy testing without a server -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.eclipse.jetty</groupId>
                <artifactId>jetty-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>9.4.14.v20181114</version>
                <configuration>
                    <scanIntervalSeconds>1</scanIntervalSeconds>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

    <profiles>
        <profile>
            <!-- Production mode can be activated with either property or profile -->
            <id>production-mode</id>
            <activation>
                <property>
                    <name>vaadin.productionMode</name>
                </property>
            </activation>
            <properties>
                <vaadin.productionMode>true</vaadin.productionMode>
            </properties>

            <dependencies>
                <dependency>
                    <groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
                    <artifactId>flow-server-production-mode</artifactId>
                </dependency>
            </dependencies>

            <build>
                <plugins>
                    <plugin>
                        <groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
                        <artifactId>vaadin-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                        <version>${vaadin.version}</version>
                        <executions>
                            <execution>
                                <goals>
                                    <goal>copy-production-files</goal>
                                    <goal>package-for-production</goal>
                                </goals>
                            </execution>
                        </executions>
                    </plugin>
                </plugins>
            </build>
        </profile>
    </profiles>
</project>

指定 <plugin>,而不是 <dependency>

虽然我不是 Maven 专家,但解决方案似乎是在 plugin 元素而不是 dependency 元素中指定 <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>

删除你添加的<dependency>.

查找 POM 的 <plugins>(复数)部分,其中包含 Jetty 的一个 <plugin 元素。添加第二个 plugin 元素:

            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.0-M3</version>
            </plugin>

然后做一个 Maven cleaninstall。您应该看到新版本出现在 IntelliJ 的 Maven 面板中。

您现在可以执行 Maven test 来查看执行的 JUnit 5 测试。

如果您觉得需要,可以通过覆盖导入的 POM 来更新屏幕截图右侧列出的所有插件。

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-clean-plugin -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-compiler-plugin -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-deploy-plugin -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.0-M1</version>
        </plugin>

        <!--https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-install-plugin-->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.0-M1</version>
        </plugin>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-resources-plugin -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>

        <!--https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-war-plugin-->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>

        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-site-plugin -->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-site-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.7.1</version>
        </plugin>

        <!--https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.maven.plugins/maven-surefire-plugin-->
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.0-M3</version>
        </plugin>