Java Executor 工作线程的内存一致性

Java memory consistency for Executor's worker threads

根据 javadocExecutor 的实现必须符合:

Memory consistency effects: Actions in a thread (A) prior to submitting a Runnable object to an Executor happen-before its execution begins, perhaps in another thread (B).

Pheraps 由于我的英语不好,我不清楚在 B 和另一个潜在线程 之间保证了哪种内存一致性关系(如果有的话) C 随后由 A 提交给同一个执行者。我希望下面的例子能澄清我的疑问。

import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;

class ExecutorTestClass {

    int a = 1;
    volatile boolean isDone = false;
    MyRunnable mr1 = new MyRunnable("One");
    MyRunnable mr2 = new MyRunnable("Two");

    class MyRunnable implements Runnable {
    private final String name;

    MyRunnable(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println(name + ": " + ExecutorTestClass.this.a++);
        isDone = true; // signal that addition has been performed
        while (true) {
        try {
            Thread.sleep(5); // busy thread
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
        }
        }
    }

    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
    ExecutorTestClass emc = new ExecutorTestClass();
    Executor executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(2);
    executor.execute(emc.mr1); // run the first MyRunnable
    while (!emc.isDone) {
    } // when stop spinning emc.a == 2 for this thread
    executor.execute(emc.mr2); // is emc.a == 2 guaranteed?

    }

}

线程执行emc.mr2.run()是否保证emc.a == 2? (在我的测试中总是如此,但是......是的,它们是测试) 如果没有,官方API中有接口保证emc.a == 2吗?

不,不能保证,因为您在一个线程中更改了 emc.a 的值,但从另一个线程提交了 Runnable。如果您在将值设置为 2 后从第一个 runnable 提交第二个 runnable,则 JavaDoc 的内存一致性效果将适用。

但是在您使用 volatile 变量 isDone 的示例中,即使不考虑 JavaDoc 中的说明,也可以达到目的。 由于您首先增加 emc.a,然后将新值设置为 isDone,然后检查 isDone,它仍然会建立 happens before 关系,第二个 runnable 将始终看到更新值。