使用 SQL 服务器中的 OPENXML 解析具有内联模式的 XML 文件

Question

我正在尝试从 XML 文件中提取数据并使用 SQL 服务器中的 OPENXML 存储到 SQL table。但是，查询 returns 没有。

XML数据

<root xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<xsd:schema targetNamespace="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1" xmlns:schema="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:sqltypes="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/sqltypes" elementFormDefault="qualified">
    <xsd:import namespace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/sqltypes" schemaLocation="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/sqltypes/sqltypes.xsd"/>
    <xsd:element name="ogridroles">
        <xsd:complexType>
            <xsd:sequence>
                <xsd:element name="ogrid_cde" type="sqltypes:int" nillable="1"/>
                <xsd:element name="role" nillable="1">
                    <xsd:simpleType>
                        <xsd:restriction base="sqltypes:char" sqltypes:localeId="1033" sqltypes:sqlCompareOptions="IgnoreCase IgnoreKanaType IgnoreWidth" sqltypes:sqlSortId="52">
                            <xsd:maxLength value="1"/>
                        </xsd:restriction>
                    </xsd:simpleType>
                </xsd:element>
            </xsd:sequence>
        </xsd:complexType>
    </xsd:element>
</xsd:schema>
<ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>28</ogrid_cde>
    <role>T</role>
</ogridroles>
<ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>75</ogrid_cde>
    <role>T</role>
</ogridroles>
<ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>93</ogrid_cde>
    <role>O</role>
</ogridroles>
<ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>135</ogrid_cde>
    <role>O</role>
</ogridroles>
</root>

SQL查询

DECLARE @xmlStr xml;
DECLARE @idoc INT

SELECT @xmlStr = BulkColumn FROM OPENROWSET(
   BULK 'D:\ogridroles.xml',
   SINGLE_BLOB) AS DATA;

EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @idoc OUTPUT, @xmlStr;
SELECT *
FROM OPENXML (@idoc, '/root/ogridroles',2)
    WITH (
        ogrid_cde   int 'ogrid_cde',
        role varchar(1) 'role')
EXEC sp_xml_removedocument @idoc

我想提取元素的所有行值

ogrid_cde
角色

Answer 1

我不太擅长模式，所以我使用另一种方法来解码 XML：

DECLARE @x XML = 'bla bla bla'
DECLARE @idoc INT
EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @idoc OUTPUT ,@x 

SELECT * INTO #t
FROM OPENXML (@idoc, '/',2)
EXEC sp_xml_removedocument @idoc 

SELECT [ogrid_cde] = t3.text, [role] = t4.text
FROM #t as t1
INNER JOIN #t as t2 ON t1.parentid = t2.parentid
INNER JOIN #t as t3 ON t1.id = t3.parentid
INNER JOIN #t as t4 ON t2.id = t4.parentid
WHERE t1.localname = 'ogrid_cde' and t2.localname = 'role'

Answer 2

通过 FROM OPENXML 的方法（连同准备和删除文档的过程）已经过时，不应再使用。

native methods of the XML-type 要好得多。试试这个：

你的XML

DECLARE @xml XML=
N'<root xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
  <xsd:schema xmlns:schema="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:sqltypes="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/sqltypes" targetNamespace="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1" elementFormDefault="qualified">
    <xsd:import namespace="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/sqltypes" schemaLocation="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/sqltypes/sqltypes.xsd" />
    <xsd:element name="ogridroles">
      <xsd:complexType>
        <xsd:sequence>
          <xsd:element name="ogrid_cde" type="sqltypes:int" nillable="1" />
          <xsd:element name="role" nillable="1">
            <xsd:simpleType>
              <xsd:restriction base="sqltypes:char" sqltypes:localeId="1033" sqltypes:sqlCompareOptions="IgnoreCase IgnoreKanaType IgnoreWidth" sqltypes:sqlSortId="52">
                <xsd:maxLength value="1" />
              </xsd:restriction>
            </xsd:simpleType>
          </xsd:element>
        </xsd:sequence>
      </xsd:complexType>
    </xsd:element>
  </xsd:schema>
  <ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>28</ogrid_cde>
    <role>T</role>
  </ogridroles>
  <ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>75</ogrid_cde>
    <role>T</role>
  </ogridroles>
  <ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>93</ogrid_cde>
    <role>O</role>
  </ogridroles>
  <ogridroles xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1">
    <ogrid_cde>135</ogrid_cde>
    <role>O</role>
  </ogridroles>
</root>';

--查询

WITH XMLNAMESPACES(DEFAULT 'urn:schemas-microsoft-com:sql:SqlRowSet1')
SELECT OgrRol.value('(ogrid_cde/text())[1]','int') AS ogrid_cde
      ,OgrRol.value('(role/text())[1]','nvarchar(10)') AS [role]
FROM @xml.nodes('/*:root/ogridroles') A(ogrRol);

结果

ogrid_cde   role
28          T
75          T
93          O
135         O

简短说明

您可以忽略此处的 XML-schema。这对于检查数据完整性和有效性很有用。但假设数据是正确的，我们就可以读取它。

有一个（重复定义的）默认命名空间。但是 - 这很重要！ - 元素 <root> 本身 不存在 在这个命名空间中！

随和，我刚刚使用 命名空间通配符 来使用 *:root 来处理这个元素。一般来说，最好避免通配符，但在这种情况下，这似乎是 acceptable.

我们使用 .nodes() 得到所有 <ogridroles> 元素的派生 table。然后我们使用.value()读取代码的text()节点和角色元素。

希望这对您有所帮助，编码愉快！

使用 SQL 服务器中的 OPENXML 解析具有内联模式的 XML 文件

Parsing XML file with inline schema using OPENXML in SQL Server

xml

sql-server

xpath

xquery

sql-server-openxml

简短说明