用户数据脚本未在 AWS CloudFormation 模板上执行

Userdata script not executed on AWS CloudFormation Template

我正在尝试创建一个 CloudFormation 堆栈,其中包含用于在启动 EC2 实例时安装 java、tomcat、httpd 和 java 应用程序的 UserData 脚本。 但是,使用所有资源成功创建了堆栈,但是当我连接到 EC2 实例以检查上述应用程序的配置时,我没有找到任何资源。我的用例是启动一个包含以上所有内容的实例 applications/software 以自动安装。

UserData:
   Fn::Base64: 
    Fn::Join: 
    - ' '
    - - '#!/bin/bash -xe\n'

      - 'sudo yum update && install pip && pip install https://s3.amazonaws.com/cloudformation-examples/aws-cfn-bootstrap-latest.tar.gz\n'
      - 'date > /home/ec2-user/starttime\n'
      - 'sudo yum update -y aws-cfn-bootstrap\n'

        # Initialize CloudFormation bits\n
      - ' ' 
      - '/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -v\n'
      - '             --stack\n'
      - '!Ref AWS::StackName\n'
      - '             --resource LaunchConfig\n'
      - 'ACCESS_KEY=${HostKeys}&SECRET_KEY=${HostKeys.SecretAccessKey}\n'

       # Start servers\n
      - 'service tomcat8 start\n'
      - '/etc/init.d/httpd start\n'

      - 'date > /home/ec2-user/stoptime\n'
Metadata: 
 AWS::CloudFormation::Init:
  config: 
   packages: 
    yum:
    - java-1.8.0-openjdk.x86_64: []   
    - tomcat8: []
    - httpd: []
   services:
    sysvinit:
     httpd:
      enabled: 'true'
      ensureRunning: 'true'
  files: 
  - /usr/share/tomcat8/webapps/sample.war:
    - source: https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/testbucket/sample.war
    - mode: 000500
    - owner: tomcat
    - group: tomcat
   CfnUser:
    Type: AWS::IAM::User
    Properties: 
     Path: '/'  
     Policies: 
     - PolicyName: Admin
       PolicyDocument: 
        Statement:
        - Effect: Allow
          Action: '*'
          Resource: '*'
   HostKeys:
    Type: AWS::IAM::AccessKey
    Properties: 
      UserName: !Ref CfnUser

问题在于您格式化 UserData 的方式。我建议您先启动 EC2 实例并手动测试脚本。它有很多问题。

尝试像这样格式化您的 UserData:

UserData:
  Fn::Base64:
    !Sub |
      #!/bin/bash -xe

      # FIXME. This won't work either.
      # sudo yum update && install pip && pip install https://s3.amazonaws.com/cloudformation-examples/aws-cfn-bootstrap-latest.tar.gz

      date > /home/ec2-user/starttime
      sudo yum update -y aws-cfn-bootstrap

      # Initialize CloudFormation bits
      /opt/aws/bin/cfn-init -v \
        --stack ${AWS::StackName} \
        --resource LaunchConfig

      # FIXME. Not sure why these are here.
      # ACCESS_KEY=${HostKeys}
      # SECRET_KEY=${HostKeys.SecretAccessKey}

      # Start servers\n
      service tomcat8 start
      /etc/init.d/httpd start

      date > /home/ec2-user/stoptime

注意事项:

  • 您不能在此处使用 !Ref 符号进行插值。请注意,我将其更改为 ${AWS::StackName} 并注意到整个块都在 !Sub.
  • 如我的评论所示,yum 更新行中包含无效命令。
  • 如评论中所述,注入访问密钥是一种不好的做法。此外,此脚本中的任何内容似乎都不需要密钥。

另请注意,元数据中的文件部分被错误地指定为数组而不是哈希键。

应该是:

  files: 
    /usr/share/tomcat8/webapps/sample.war:
      source: https://s3-eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/testbucket/sample.war
      mode: '000500'
      owner: tomcat
      group: tomcat