黄瓜 - Java8 - 将@Before 与 lambda 表达式结合使用

Question

我有一个使用黄瓜设置的 Java selenium 项目。步骤定义位于一组重用 BaseDefinitions 文件中的代码的文件中，如下所示：

（示例缩减为第一个@Given 语句）：

public class GoogleDefinitions {

    private BaseDefinitions baseDefinitions;
    private WebDriver driver;

    public GoogleDefinitions (BaseDefinitions baseDefinitions) {
        this.baseDefinitions = baseDefinitions;
        this.driver = baseDefinitions.getDriver();
    }

    @Given("^I visit the Google search page$")
    public void iVisitTheGoogleSearchPage() {
        GoogleSearchHomepage googleSearchHomepage = new GoogleSearchHomepage(driver);
        googleSearchHomepage.visit();
    }
}

BaseDefinitions 文件（简短版）如下所示：

public class BaseDefinitions {

    private WebDriver driver;


    @Before
    public void setUp(Scenario scenario) throws Exception {
        String path = getClass()
                .getClassLoader()
                .getResource("chromedriver.exe")
                .getPath();
        System.setProperty("webdriver.chrome.driver", path);
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    @After
    public void teardown() {
        driver.close();
        try {
            driver.quit();
        }
        catch(Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Caught driver error on quit.");
        }
    }

    public WebDriver getDriver() {
        return driver;
    }
}

这工作正常 - 粘合代码等都已正确设置。但是，通过更新，Cucumber 现在生成 lambda 表达式而不是以前使用的格式。我对如何实现这些感到困惑。

如果我在构造函数中实现它们（如讨论的 here），则 BaseDefinitions 文件的 @Before 语句仅在测试后执行当我运行功能 - 这是没有用的。
如果我将它们放在一个方法中，如图 here 所示，当我运行特征文件时它运行是 @Before 语句但没有找到步骤定义。

下面是在方法中实现 lambda 的示例。当我运行这给了我 You can implement missing steps with the snippets below::

public class lambdaTestDefinitions implements En {
    private BaseDefinitions baseDefinitions;
    private WebDriver driver;

    public lambdaTestDefinitions(BaseDefinitions baseDefinitions) {
        this.baseDefinitions = baseDefinitions;
        this.driver = baseDefinitions.getDriver();
    }

    private void testLambdaSteps () {
        Given("I try to navigate to www.google.co.uk", () -> {
            driver.get("http://www.google.co.uk");
        });

        Then("I should be on the Google home page", () -> {
            // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
            Assert.assertEquals(driver.getCurrentUrl(), "http://www.google.co.uk");
        });
    }
}

显然我遗漏了一些东西 - 我该如何让它工作？

编辑：这是我的build.gradle。据我所知，我没有使用 Cucumber 的 Java8 版本，我也不太了解它：

buildscript {
    repositories {
        mavenCentral()
    }
}

plugins {
    id 'java'
    //id "com.github.spacialcircumstances.gradle-cucumber-reporting" version "0.1.2"
}

group 'org.myorg'
version '1.0-SNAPSHOT'

sourceCompatibility = 1.8

repositories {
    mavenCentral()
    jcenter()
}

project.ext {
    cucumberVersion = '4.0.0'
}

dependencies {
    compile group: 'org.seleniumhq.selenium', name: 'selenium-java', version: '3.5.1'
    testCompile group: 'junit', name: 'junit', version: '4.12'
    testCompile 'io.cucumber:cucumber-java:' + cucumberVersion
    testCompile 'io.cucumber:cucumber-junit:' + cucumberVersion
    testCompile group: 'com.browserstack', name: 'browserstack-local-java', version:'1.0.1'
    testCompile group: 'io.cucumber', name: 'cucumber-picocontainer', version: '2.1.0'
    testCompile group: 'org.hamcrest', name: 'hamcrest-all', version: '1.3'
    testCompile group: 'org.testng', name: 'testng', version: '6.9.10'
    testCompile 'io.github.prashant-ramcharan:courgette-jvm:3.1.0'
}

test {
    systemProperties System.getProperties()
    ignoreFailures = true

    systemProperty "localBrowser", System.getProperty("localBrowser")
    systemProperty "browserstackLocal", System.getProperty("browserstackLocal")
    systemProperty "browser", System.getProperty("browser")
    testLogging.showStandardStreams = true

    test.outputs.upToDateWhen {false}
}

Answer 1

This works fine - glue code etc is all set up correctly. However, with updates, Cucumber is now generating lambda expressions rather than the format used before.

您已将 cucumber-java8 而不是 cucumber-java 添加到依赖项中。

If I put them in a method, as shown here, when I run the feature file it runs the @Before statement but does not find the step definitions.

这仅适用于一些扩展 Cucumber 的框架。然而，eclipse 插件支持这两种表示法。

If I implement them in the constructor (as discussed here), then the @Before statement of the BaseDefinitions file is only executed after the test when I run the feature - this is of no use.

您混淆了黄瓜步骤的执行和步骤定义的创建。步骤定义的创建发生在对其调用任何步骤之前。 this.driver = baseDefinitions.getDriver(); 在创建 GoogleDefinitions 时调用，因此总是在创建驱动程序的方法之前调用。

相反，您应该延迟调用直到调用该步骤。

public class lambdaTestDefinitions implements En {
    public lambdaTestDefinitions(BaseDefinitions baseDefinitions) {

        Given("I try to navigate to www.google.co.uk", () -> {
            baseDefinitions.getDriver().get("http://www.google.co.uk");
        });

        Then("I should be on the Google home page", () -> {
            // Write code here that turns the phrase above into concrete actions
            assertEquals(baseDefinitions.getDriver().getCurrentUrl(), "http://www.google.co.uk");
        });
    }
}

您可能也有兴趣调查 PicoContainers life cycle. You can use Startable and Disposable。他们可以帮助您设置在 Cucumber 开始场景之前需要设置的东西。

黄瓜 - Java8 - 将@Before 与 lambda 表达式结合使用

Cucumber - Java8 - using @Before with lambda expressions

java

selenium

cucumber