如何使用 python 发送 gpg 加密电子邮件(带附件)

How to send gpg encrypted email (with attachment) using python

我有一个脚本,我想通过电子邮件发送给定文件夹中新生成的文件。我已经能够使用 smtplibemailuu 生成和发送电子邮件(未加密) .我还成功地发送了一个没有附件的加密 gpg。

然而,发送带有附件的 gpg 加密电子邮件一直是一个挑战。

我使用 python-gnupg 库为该文件创建了密文,并认为我可以将其作为电子邮件正文发送出去。这与我尝试的方法一致。

from email.mime.text import MIMEText
import gnupg
gpg = gnupg.GPG(gnupghome=GPG_HOME_HOME)
with open(FILE_PATH, "rb") as f:
    cipher_text = str(gpg.encrypt(FILE_PATH.read(), RECIPIENT_EMAIL)

msg = MIMEText(cipher_text, "plain")
msg["Subject"] = "***TEST***"
msg["From"] = EMAIL_SENDER
msg["To"] = EMAIL_RECIPIENT
msg_text = msg.as_string()

我也尝试根据自己的需要调整 https://docs.python.org/release/3.5.3/library/email-examples.html 中的示例,但我也没有成功。

我的 gpg 设置正确,我可以 send/receive gpg 加密的电子邮件 thunderbird/enigmail。

谁能告诉我如何发送带附件的 gpg 加密电子邮件?我相信这需要对电子邮件结构进行一些低级操作,但我对此不太熟悉。

谢谢,

这就是我想出的方法来获得一个带附件的可用 gnupg 加密电子邮件。我使用了从 thunderbird 发送的一封电子邮件,使用 enigmail 作为模板。

from email.mime.base import MIMEBase
from email.message import Message
import base64
import mimetypes
import os

import gnupg # python-gnupg

def get_email_string(email_address_recipient, file_path_attachment, email_message=""):
    def get_base64_file(file_path):
        with open(file_path, "rb") as f:
            b_str = base64.b64encode(f.read())
        return b_str

    def get_mimetype(file_path):
        return mimetypes.guess_type(file_path)[0]

    def get_file_name(file_path):
        return os.path.basename(file_path)

    def get_gpg_cipher_text(string, recipient_email_address):
        gpg = gnupg.GPG(gnupghome=DIR_GNUPG)
        encrypted_str = str(gpg.encrypt(string, recipient_email_address))
        return encrypted_str


    msg = Message()
    msg.add_header(_name="Content-Type", _value="multipart/mixed", protected_headers="v1")
    msg["From"] = EMAIL_FROM
    msg["To"] = email_address_recipient

    msg_text = Message()
    msg_text.add_header(_name="Content-Type", _value="multipart/mixed")
    msg_text.add_header(_name="Content-Language", _value="en-US")

    msg_body = Message()
    msg_body.add_header(_name="Content-Type", _value="text/plain", charset="utf-8")
    msg_body.add_header(_name="Content-Transfer-Encoding", _value="quoted-printable")
    msg_body.set_payload(email_message + 2*"\n")

    msg_attachment = Message()
    msg_attachment.add_header(_name="Content-Type", _value=get_mimetype(file_path_attachment), name=get_file_name(file_path_attachment))
    msg_attachment.add_header(_name="Content-Transfer-Encoding", _value="base64")
    msg_attachment.add_header(_name="Content-Disposition", _value="attachment", filename=get_file_name(file_path_attachment))
    msg_attachment.set_payload(get_base64_file(file_path_attachment))

    msg_text.attach(msg_body)
    msg_text.attach(msg_attachment)
    msg.attach(msg_text)


    pgp_msg = MIMEBase(_maintype="multipart", _subtype="encrypted", protocol="application/pgp-encrypted")
    pgp_msg["From"] = EMAIL_FROM
    pgp_msg["To"] = email_address_recipient

    pgp_msg_part1 = Message()
    pgp_msg_part1.add_header(_name="Content-Type", _value="application/pgp-encrypted")
    pgp_msg_part1.add_header(_name="Content-Description", _value="PGP/MIME version identification")
    pgp_msg_part1.set_payload("Version: 1" + "\n")

    pgp_msg_part2 = Message()
    pgp_msg_part2.add_header(_name="Content-Type", _value="application/octet-stream", name="encrypted.asc")
    pgp_msg_part2.add_header(_name="Content-Description", _value="OpenPGP encrypted message")
    pgp_msg_part2.add_header(_name="Content-Disposition", _value="inline", filename="encrypted.asc")
    pgp_msg_part2.set_payload(get_gpg_cipher_text(msg.as_string(), email_address_recipient))

    pgp_msg.attach(pgp_msg_part1)
    pgp_msg.attach(pgp_msg_part2)

    return pgp_msg.as_string()

如果您仍在寻找更短的解决方案,您可以查看 envelope 库。

pip3 install envelope

只需几行就可以处理附加和加密。

from envelope import Envelope

e = (Envelope()
     .message(email_message)
     .from_(EMAIL_FROM)
     .to(email_address_recipient)
     .attach(path=file_path_attachment)
     .encryption())
e.as_message()  # returns EmailMessage
e.smtp("localhost").send()  # directly sends