Tomcat7 和Spring开机war启动
Tomcat 7 and Spring boot war start up
我将 war 部署到 Tomcat 7 时收到以下消息：
nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/el/ELManager
我将 <tomcat.version>7.0.61</tomcat.version> 添加到我的 pom.xml，现在可以在我的开发环境中重现错误。
错误发生在创建 bean 之后，其他更改是我所做的 war 到 运行 所必需的。
我试图更改我的 pom.xml 以便它使用可能与 tomcat 7 兼容的旧版本，但未能解决问题。不知道是哪个包导致的问题。
参见pom.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.xxx</groupId>
<artifactId>monitormonitor</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>monitormonitor</name>
<description>Web Service Monitoring project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<start-class>com.xxx.monitormonitor.MonitormonitorApplication</start-class>
<!-- deploying war-file on tomcat 7 -->
<tomcat.version>7.0.61</tomcat.version><!-- nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/el/ELManager -->
<servlet-api.version>3.0.1</servlet-api.version>
</properties>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<!-- added other version of log4j for invalid byte tag error -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
<!-- changed version vs. ClassFormatException: Invalid byte tag in constant pool: 19 -->
<!--<version>2.11.1</version>-->
<version>2.7</version>
<!--<scope>provided</scope>-->
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>2.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<!-- <scope>provided</scope> -->
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<version>1.1.6.RELEASE</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
-->
<!-- added vs java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/el/ELManager -->
<!--<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
</dependency>
-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2.4</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
<version>2.2.4</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<mainClass>com.xxx.monitormonitor.MonitormonitorApplication</mainClass>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
依赖树：
[INFO] com.xxx:monitormonitor:war:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-api:jar:2.7:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core:jar:2.7:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | | | +- ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:jar:1.2.3:compile
[INFO] | | | | \- ch.qos.logback:logback-core:jar:1.2.3:compile
[INFO] | | | +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-to-slf4j:jar:2.11.1:compile
[INFO] | | | \- org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.25:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.23:runtime
[INFO] | +- com.zaxxer:HikariCP:jar:3.2.0:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.25:compile
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-jdbc:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-tx:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-mail:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | \- com.sun.mail:javax.mail:jar:1.6.2:compile
[INFO] | \- javax.activation:activation:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-json:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO] | | | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.9.0:compile
[INFO] | | | \- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO] | | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jdk8:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO] | | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jsr310:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO] | | \- com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-parameter-names:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO] | +- org.hibernate.validator:hibernate-validator:jar:6.0.14.Final:compile
[INFO] | | +- javax.validation:validation-api:jar:2.0.1.Final:compile
[INFO] | | +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.3.2.Final:compile
[INFO] | | \- com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:1.4.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:provided
[INFO] | +- javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:jar:1.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:jar:7.0.61:provided
[INFO] | +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-el:jar:7.0.61:provided
[INFO] | \- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:jar:7.0.61:provided
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-devtools:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:runtime
[INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | \- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:test
[INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:test
[INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test-autoconfigure:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:test
[INFO] | +- com.jayway.jsonpath:json-path:jar:2.4.0:test
[INFO] | | \- net.minidev:json-smart:jar:2.3:test
[INFO] | | \- net.minidev:accessors-smart:jar:1.2:test
[INFO] | | \- org.ow2.asm:asm:jar:5.0.4:test
[INFO] | +- junit:junit:jar:4.12:test
[INFO] | +- org.assertj:assertj-core:jar:3.11.1:test
[INFO] | +- org.mockito:mockito-core:jar:2.23.4:test
[INFO] | | +- net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy:jar:1.9.7:test
[INFO] | | +- net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy-agent:jar:1.9.7:test
[INFO] | | \- org.objenesis:objenesis:jar:2.6:test
[INFO] | +- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:test
[INFO] | +- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:jar:1.3:test
[INFO] | +- org.skyscreamer:jsonassert:jar:1.5.0:test
[INFO] | | \- com.vaadin.external.google:android-json:jar:0.0.20131108.vaadin1:test
[INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.springframework:spring-jcl:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-test:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:test
[INFO] | \- org.xmlunit:xmlunit-core:jar:2.6.2:test
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-context-support:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- javax.el:javax.el-api:jar:2.2.4:provided
[INFO] \- org.glassfish.web:javax.el:jar:2.2.4:provided
因为javax/el/ELManager是在el-api 3.0中引入的，而tomcat7使用的是el-api 2.2所以这个class是没有的
开发时请确保您的dev和prod环境相同。
或者您可以在 pom.xml
中添加以下依赖项
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
spring boot 2.1.2 版本支持任何 Servlet 3.1+ 兼容容器。
Tomcat 7 不是其中之一
spring开机docs
使用 tomcat 8 或更多 http://tomcat.apache.org/whichversion.html
Spring Boot 2.1 requires a Servlet 3.1 compatible container. Tomcat 7 is a Servlet 3.0 container 所以你不能将它与 Spring Boot 2.1 一起使用。
您需要升级到 Tomcat 8.5.x 或 9.0.x.
我将 war 部署到 Tomcat 7 时收到以下消息：
nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/el/ELManager
我将 <tomcat.version>7.0.61</tomcat.version> 添加到我的 pom.xml，现在可以在我的开发环境中重现错误。
错误发生在创建 bean 之后，其他更改是我所做的 war 到 运行 所必需的。
我试图更改我的 pom.xml 以便它使用可能与 tomcat 7 兼容的旧版本，但未能解决问题。不知道是哪个包导致的问题。
参见pom.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<parent>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
<version>2.1.2.RELEASE</version>
<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
</parent>
<groupId>com.xxx</groupId>
<artifactId>monitormonitor</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<name>monitormonitor</name>
<description>Web Service Monitoring project for Spring Boot</description>
<properties>
<java.version>1.8</java.version>
<start-class>com.xxx.monitormonitor.MonitormonitorApplication</start-class>
<!-- deploying war-file on tomcat 7 -->
<tomcat.version>7.0.61</tomcat.version><!-- nested exception is java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/el/ELManager -->
<servlet-api.version>3.0.1</servlet-api.version>
</properties>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<dependencies>
<!-- added other version of log4j for invalid byte tag error -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
<!-- changed version vs. ClassFormatException: Invalid byte tag in constant pool: 19 -->
<!--<version>2.11.1</version>-->
<version>2.7</version>
<!--<scope>provided</scope>-->
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
<version>2.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<!-- <scope>provided</scope> -->
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!--
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
<version>1.1.6.RELEASE</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
-->
<!-- added vs java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: javax/el/ELManager -->
<!--<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
</dependency>
-->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2.4</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.glassfish.web</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el</artifactId>
<version>2.2.4</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<mainClass>com.xxx.monitormonitor.MonitormonitorApplication</mainClass>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
依赖树：
[INFO] com.xxx:monitormonitor:war:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-api:jar:2.7:compile
[INFO] +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-core:jar:2.7:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-jdbc:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-logging:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | | | +- ch.qos.logback:logback-classic:jar:1.2.3:compile
[INFO] | | | | \- ch.qos.logback:logback-core:jar:1.2.3:compile
[INFO] | | | +- org.apache.logging.log4j:log4j-to-slf4j:jar:2.11.1:compile
[INFO] | | | \- org.slf4j:jul-to-slf4j:jar:1.7.25:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.yaml:snakeyaml:jar:1.23:runtime
[INFO] | +- com.zaxxer:HikariCP:jar:3.2.0:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:jar:1.7.25:compile
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-jdbc:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-tx:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-mail:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | \- com.sun.mail:javax.mail:jar:1.6.2:compile
[INFO] | \- javax.activation:activation:jar:1.1:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-web:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-json:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO] | | | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:jar:2.9.0:compile
[INFO] | | | \- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO] | | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jdk8:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO] | | +- com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype:jackson-datatype-jsr310:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO] | | \- com.fasterxml.jackson.module:jackson-module-parameter-names:jar:2.9.8:compile
[INFO] | +- org.hibernate.validator:hibernate-validator:jar:6.0.14.Final:compile
[INFO] | | +- javax.validation:validation-api:jar:2.0.1.Final:compile
[INFO] | | +- org.jboss.logging:jboss-logging:jar:3.3.2.Final:compile
[INFO] | | \- com.fasterxml:classmate:jar:1.4.0:compile
[INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-web:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-webmvc:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-tomcat:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:provided
[INFO] | +- javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:jar:1.3.2:compile
[INFO] | +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-core:jar:7.0.61:provided
[INFO] | +- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-el:jar:7.0.61:provided
[INFO] | \- org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-websocket:jar:7.0.61:provided
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-devtools:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:runtime
[INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | \- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-autoconfigure:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:test
[INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:test
[INFO] | +- org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-test-autoconfigure:jar:2.1.2.RELEASE:test
[INFO] | +- com.jayway.jsonpath:json-path:jar:2.4.0:test
[INFO] | | \- net.minidev:json-smart:jar:2.3:test
[INFO] | | \- net.minidev:accessors-smart:jar:1.2:test
[INFO] | | \- org.ow2.asm:asm:jar:5.0.4:test
[INFO] | +- junit:junit:jar:4.12:test
[INFO] | +- org.assertj:assertj-core:jar:3.11.1:test
[INFO] | +- org.mockito:mockito-core:jar:2.23.4:test
[INFO] | | +- net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy:jar:1.9.7:test
[INFO] | | +- net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy-agent:jar:1.9.7:test
[INFO] | | \- org.objenesis:objenesis:jar:2.6:test
[INFO] | +- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:jar:1.3:test
[INFO] | +- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:jar:1.3:test
[INFO] | +- org.skyscreamer:jsonassert:jar:1.5.0:test
[INFO] | | \- com.vaadin.external.google:android-json:jar:0.0.20131108.vaadin1:test
[INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-core:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | | \- org.springframework:spring-jcl:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-test:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:test
[INFO] | \- org.xmlunit:xmlunit-core:jar:2.6.2:test
[INFO] +- org.springframework:spring-context-support:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | +- org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] | \- org.springframework:spring-context:jar:5.1.4.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] +- javax.el:javax.el-api:jar:2.2.4:provided
[INFO] \- org.glassfish.web:javax.el:jar:2.2.4:provided
因为javax/el/ELManager是在el-api 3.0中引入的，而tomcat7使用的是el-api 2.2所以这个class是没有的
开发时请确保您的dev和prod环境相同。
或者您可以在 pom.xml
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.el</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.el-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
spring boot 2.1.2 版本支持任何 Servlet 3.1+ 兼容容器。
Tomcat 7 不是其中之一
spring开机docs
使用 tomcat 8 或更多 http://tomcat.apache.org/whichversion.html
Spring Boot 2.1 requires a Servlet 3.1 compatible container. Tomcat 7 is a Servlet 3.0 container 所以你不能将它与 Spring Boot 2.1 一起使用。
您需要升级到 Tomcat 8.5.x 或 9.0.x.