Pygame 网络摄像头流客户端无法使用 python 3.4 执行

Question

我正在使用 pygame 和 python3.4 在 Odroid 开发板上流式传输网络摄像头。服务器是这样的（提取自 post: using pygame to stream over sockets in python error ）：

import socket
import pygame
import pygame.camera
import sys
import time

port = 5000
pygame.init()

serversocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
serversocket.bind(("",port))
serversocket.listen(1)

pygame.camera.init()
webcam = pygame.camera.Camera("/dev/video1",(320,240))
webcam.start()

while True:
        connection, address = serversocket.accept()
        image = webcam.get_image() # capture image
        data = pygame.image.tostring(image,"RGB") # convert captured image to string, use RGB color scheme
        connection.sendall(data)
        time.sleep(0.1)
        connection.close()

服务器在 python 和 python 3.4 中工作正常。但是当我使用 python 3.4 执行客户端时，出现以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last): File "client.py", line 30, in image = pygame.image.fromstring(dataset,(320,240),"RGB") # convert received image from string TypeError: must be bytes, not str

客户如下：

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import socket
import pygame
import sys



host = "192.168.45.103"
port=5000
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((320,240),0)


while True:
    clientsocket=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
    clientsocket.connect((host, port))
    received = []
    # loop .recv, it returns empty string when done, then transmitted data is completely received
    while True:
        #print("esperando receber dado")
        recvd_data = clientsocket.recv(230400)
        if not recvd_data:
            break
        else:
            received.append(recvd_data)

    #dataset = ''.join(received)
    dataset = ','.join(str(v) for v in received)
    image = pygame.image.fromstring(dataset,(320,240),"RGB") # convert received image from string
    screen.blit(image,(0,0)) # "show image" on the screen
    pygame.display.update()

    # check for quit events
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            pygame.quit()
            sys.exit()

我更改了行 dataset = ''.join(received) for dataset = ','.join(str(v) for v in received) 因为我在某处读到 python3.x 它必须是这个。现在的错误行是：image = pygame.image.fromstring(dataset,(320,240),"RGB")

谢谢！

Answer 1

这两行显然是错误的：

dataset = ','.join(received)
image = pygame.image.fromstring(dataset,(320,240),"RGB") # convert received

如果 dataset 包含二进制 pxel 数据，则不应将接收到的字节与“,”连接起来：它只会添加丢失的无关“,”（十进制 44）字节作为像素数据中的垃圾 - 前一行，使用 "join" 和空字符串会起作用（在 Python 2.x 中）因为调用空字符串，join 只是连接各种数据，这就是你想要的。

在 Python3 中，二进制数据（例如您接收的像素数据）的处理已与文本处理分开 - 并且您使用的 '""' 空字符串是表示空的对象text - 不同于 Python 2.x 中的空字节 - 但你可以简单地用 b 作为前缀来表示字节串（这是你想要的）。

总而言之，尝试使用：

dataset = b''.join(str(v) for v in received)
image = pygame.image.fromstring(dataset,(320,240),"RGB")

Pygame 网络摄像头流客户端无法使用 python 3.4 执行

Pygame webcam streaming client can't execute with python 3.4

python-3.x

pygame

video-streaming