React Hooks 中的 Push 方法(useState)?
Push method in React Hooks (useState)?
如何将元素推送到 useState 数组 React hook 中?
这是反应状态下的旧方法吗?或者新的东西?
例如 ?
当你使用useState
时,你可以得到状态项的更新方法:
const [theArray, setTheArray] = useState(initialArray);
然后,当您想添加一个新元素时,您可以使用该函数并传入新数组或将创建新数组的函数。通常是后者,因为状态更新是异步的,有时是批处理的:
setTheArray(oldArray => [...oldArray, newElement]);
有时,如果您 仅 为某些特定的用户事件更新处理程序中的数组,例如 click
(但不像 mousemove
):
setTheArray([...theArray, newElement]);
React 确保刷新渲染的事件是列出的“离散事件”here。
实例(将回调传递给 setTheArray
):
const {useState, useCallback} = React;
function Example() {
const [theArray, setTheArray] = useState([]);
const addEntryClick = () => {
setTheArray(oldArray => [...oldArray, `Entry ${oldArray.length}`]);
};
return [
<input type="button" onClick={addEntryClick} value="Add" />,
<div>{theArray.map(entry =>
<div>{entry}</div>
)}
</div>
];
}
ReactDOM.render(
<Example />,
document.getElementById("root")
);
<div id="root"></div>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react/16.8.1/umd/react.production.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react-dom/16.8.1/umd/react-dom.production.min.js"></script>
因为 theArray
的唯一更新是 click
事件(“离散”事件之一)中的更新,所以我可以在 [=23] 中直接更新=]:
const {useState, useCallback} = React;
function Example() {
const [theArray, setTheArray] = useState([]);
const addEntryClick = () => {
setTheArray([...theArray, `Entry ${theArray.length}`]);
};
return [
<input type="button" onClick={addEntryClick} value="Add" />,
<div>{theArray.map(entry =>
<div>{entry}</div>
)}
</div>
];
}
ReactDOM.render(
<Example />,
document.getElementById("root")
);
<div id="root"></div>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react/16.8.1/umd/react.production.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react-dom/16.8.1/umd/react-dom.production.min.js"></script>
与在 React class 组件中使用 "normal" 状态的方式相同。
示例:
function App() {
const [state, setState] = useState([]);
return (
<div>
<p>You clicked {state.join(" and ")}</p>
//destructuring
<button onClick={() => setState([...state, "again"])}>Click me</button>
//old way
<button onClick={() => setState(state.concat("again"))}>Click me</button>
</div>
);
}
再扩展一点,
这里有一些常见的例子。开始于:
const [theArray, setTheArray] = useState(initialArray);
const [theObject, setTheObject] = useState(initialObject);
将元素压入数组末尾
setTheArray(prevArray => [...prevArray, newValue])
Push/update 对象末尾的元素
setTheObject(prevState => ({ ...prevState, currentOrNewKey: newValue}));
Push/update 对象数组末尾的元素
setTheArray(prevState => [...prevState, {currentOrNewKey: newValue}]);
将元素压入数组对象的末尾
let specificArrayInObject = theObject.array.slice();
specificArrayInObject.push(newValue);
const newObj = { ...theObject, [event.target.name]: specificArrayInObject };
theObject(newObj);
这里也有一些工作示例。
https://codesandbox.io/s/reacthooks-push-r991u
setTheArray([...theArray, newElement]);
是最简单的答案,但要注意 theArray 中项目的突变。使用数组项的深度克隆。
最推荐的方法是同时使用包装函数和扩展运算符。例如,如果你像这样初始化了一个名为 name
的状态,
const [names, setNames] = useState([])
你可以像这样推送到这个数组,
setNames(names => [...names, newName])
希望对您有所帮助。
// Save search term state to React Hooks with spread operator and wrapper function
// Using .concat(), no wrapper function (not recommended)
setSearches(searches.concat(query))
// Using .concat(), wrapper function (recommended)
setSearches(searches => searches.concat(query))
// Spread operator, no wrapper function (not recommended)
setSearches([...searches, query])
// Spread operator, wrapper function (recommended)
setSearches(searches => [...searches, query])
https://medium.com/javascript-in-plain-english/how-to-add-to-an-array-in-react-state-3d08ddb2e1dc
我尝试了上述方法将对象推入 useState 中的对象数组,但在使用 TypeScript 时出现以下错误:
Type 'TxBacklog[] | undefined' must have a 'Symbol.iterator' method that returns an iterator.ts(2488)
tsconfig.json 的设置显然是正确的:
{
"compilerOptions": {
"target": "es6",
"lib": [
"dom",
"dom.iterable",
"esnext",
"es6",
],
此解决方法解决了问题(我的示例代码):
接口:
interface TxBacklog {
status: string,
txHash: string,
}
状态变量:
const [txBacklog, setTxBacklog] = React.useState<TxBacklog[]>();
将新对象推入数组:
// Define new object to be added
const newTx = {
txHash: '0x368eb7269eb88ba86..',
status: 'pending'
};
// Push new object into array
(txBacklog)
? setTxBacklog(prevState => [ ...prevState!, newTx ])
: setTxBacklog([newTx]);
如果你想在特定索引之后推送,你可以执行以下操作:
const handleAddAfterIndex = index => {
setTheArray(oldItems => {
const copyItems = [...oldItems];
const finalItems = [];
for (let i = 0; i < copyItems.length; i += 1) {
if (i === index) {
finalItems.push(copyItems[i]);
finalItems.push(newItem);
} else {
finalItems.push(copyItems[i]);
}
}
return finalItems;
});
};
您可以在自定义状态的末尾附加数据数组:
const [vehicleData, setVehicleData] = React.useState<any[]>([]);
setVehicleData(old => [...old, ...newArrayData]);
例如,在下面,你出现了一个axios的例子:
useEffect(() => {
const fetchData = async () => {
const result = await axios(
{
url: `http://localhost:4000/api/vehicle?page=${page + 1}&pageSize=10`,
method: 'get',
}
);
setVehicleData(old => [...old, ...result.data.data]);
};
fetchData();
}, [page]);
使用 useState() 创建数组状态
首先,让我们看看如何使用 useState() 钩子来创建数组状态变量。
import React from "react";
const { useState } = React;
const [myArray, setMyArray] = useState([]);
但是,对于 React,我们需要使用 useState 返回的方法来更新数组。
setMyArray(oldArray => [...oldArray, newElement]);
如何将元素推送到 useState 数组 React hook 中? 这是反应状态下的旧方法吗?或者新的东西?
例如
当你使用useState
时,你可以得到状态项的更新方法:
const [theArray, setTheArray] = useState(initialArray);
然后,当您想添加一个新元素时,您可以使用该函数并传入新数组或将创建新数组的函数。通常是后者,因为状态更新是异步的,有时是批处理的:
setTheArray(oldArray => [...oldArray, newElement]);
有时,如果您 仅 为某些特定的用户事件更新处理程序中的数组,例如 click
(但不像 mousemove
):
setTheArray([...theArray, newElement]);
React 确保刷新渲染的事件是列出的“离散事件”here。
实例(将回调传递给 setTheArray
):
const {useState, useCallback} = React;
function Example() {
const [theArray, setTheArray] = useState([]);
const addEntryClick = () => {
setTheArray(oldArray => [...oldArray, `Entry ${oldArray.length}`]);
};
return [
<input type="button" onClick={addEntryClick} value="Add" />,
<div>{theArray.map(entry =>
<div>{entry}</div>
)}
</div>
];
}
ReactDOM.render(
<Example />,
document.getElementById("root")
);
<div id="root"></div>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react/16.8.1/umd/react.production.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react-dom/16.8.1/umd/react-dom.production.min.js"></script>
因为 theArray
的唯一更新是 click
事件(“离散”事件之一)中的更新,所以我可以在 [=23] 中直接更新=]:
const {useState, useCallback} = React;
function Example() {
const [theArray, setTheArray] = useState([]);
const addEntryClick = () => {
setTheArray([...theArray, `Entry ${theArray.length}`]);
};
return [
<input type="button" onClick={addEntryClick} value="Add" />,
<div>{theArray.map(entry =>
<div>{entry}</div>
)}
</div>
];
}
ReactDOM.render(
<Example />,
document.getElementById("root")
);
<div id="root"></div>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react/16.8.1/umd/react.production.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react-dom/16.8.1/umd/react-dom.production.min.js"></script>
与在 React class 组件中使用 "normal" 状态的方式相同。
示例:
function App() {
const [state, setState] = useState([]);
return (
<div>
<p>You clicked {state.join(" and ")}</p>
//destructuring
<button onClick={() => setState([...state, "again"])}>Click me</button>
//old way
<button onClick={() => setState(state.concat("again"))}>Click me</button>
</div>
);
}
再扩展一点, 这里有一些常见的例子。开始于:
const [theArray, setTheArray] = useState(initialArray);
const [theObject, setTheObject] = useState(initialObject);
将元素压入数组末尾
setTheArray(prevArray => [...prevArray, newValue])
Push/update 对象末尾的元素
setTheObject(prevState => ({ ...prevState, currentOrNewKey: newValue}));
Push/update 对象数组末尾的元素
setTheArray(prevState => [...prevState, {currentOrNewKey: newValue}]);
将元素压入数组对象的末尾
let specificArrayInObject = theObject.array.slice();
specificArrayInObject.push(newValue);
const newObj = { ...theObject, [event.target.name]: specificArrayInObject };
theObject(newObj);
这里也有一些工作示例。 https://codesandbox.io/s/reacthooks-push-r991u
setTheArray([...theArray, newElement]);
是最简单的答案,但要注意 theArray 中项目的突变。使用数组项的深度克隆。
最推荐的方法是同时使用包装函数和扩展运算符。例如,如果你像这样初始化了一个名为 name
的状态,
const [names, setNames] = useState([])
你可以像这样推送到这个数组,
setNames(names => [...names, newName])
希望对您有所帮助。
// Save search term state to React Hooks with spread operator and wrapper function
// Using .concat(), no wrapper function (not recommended)
setSearches(searches.concat(query))
// Using .concat(), wrapper function (recommended)
setSearches(searches => searches.concat(query))
// Spread operator, no wrapper function (not recommended)
setSearches([...searches, query])
// Spread operator, wrapper function (recommended)
setSearches(searches => [...searches, query])
https://medium.com/javascript-in-plain-english/how-to-add-to-an-array-in-react-state-3d08ddb2e1dc
我尝试了上述方法将对象推入 useState 中的对象数组,但在使用 TypeScript 时出现以下错误:
Type 'TxBacklog[] | undefined' must have a 'Symbol.iterator' method that returns an iterator.ts(2488)
tsconfig.json 的设置显然是正确的:
{
"compilerOptions": {
"target": "es6",
"lib": [
"dom",
"dom.iterable",
"esnext",
"es6",
],
此解决方法解决了问题(我的示例代码):
接口:
interface TxBacklog {
status: string,
txHash: string,
}
状态变量:
const [txBacklog, setTxBacklog] = React.useState<TxBacklog[]>();
将新对象推入数组:
// Define new object to be added
const newTx = {
txHash: '0x368eb7269eb88ba86..',
status: 'pending'
};
// Push new object into array
(txBacklog)
? setTxBacklog(prevState => [ ...prevState!, newTx ])
: setTxBacklog([newTx]);
如果你想在特定索引之后推送,你可以执行以下操作:
const handleAddAfterIndex = index => {
setTheArray(oldItems => {
const copyItems = [...oldItems];
const finalItems = [];
for (let i = 0; i < copyItems.length; i += 1) {
if (i === index) {
finalItems.push(copyItems[i]);
finalItems.push(newItem);
} else {
finalItems.push(copyItems[i]);
}
}
return finalItems;
});
};
您可以在自定义状态的末尾附加数据数组:
const [vehicleData, setVehicleData] = React.useState<any[]>([]);
setVehicleData(old => [...old, ...newArrayData]);
例如,在下面,你出现了一个axios的例子:
useEffect(() => {
const fetchData = async () => {
const result = await axios(
{
url: `http://localhost:4000/api/vehicle?page=${page + 1}&pageSize=10`,
method: 'get',
}
);
setVehicleData(old => [...old, ...result.data.data]);
};
fetchData();
}, [page]);
使用 useState() 创建数组状态 首先,让我们看看如何使用 useState() 钩子来创建数组状态变量。
import React from "react";
const { useState } = React;
const [myArray, setMyArray] = useState([]);
但是,对于 React,我们需要使用 useState 返回的方法来更新数组。
setMyArray(oldArray => [...oldArray, newElement]);