使用 POS 标记确定句子的时间性

Question

我想从一系列句子中判断一个动作是否已经执行。例如： "I will prescribe this medication" 与 "I prescribed this medication" 或 "He had already taken the stuff" 与 "he may take the stuff later"

我正在尝试 tidytext 方法并决定简单地查找过去分词与未来分词动词。但是，当我使用 POS 标签时，我得到的动词类型只有 "Verb intransitive"、"Verb (usu participle)" 和 "Verb (transitive)"。我怎样才能知道过去或将来的动词，或者我可以使用另一个词性标注器？

我很想使用 tidytext，因为我无法安装其他一些文本挖掘包使用的 rjava。

Answer 1

查看udpipe注释中的形态特征。这些放在注释的 feats 列中。您可以使用 cbind_morphological 将这些作为额外的列放入数据集中。所有功能都在 https://universaldependencies.org/u/feat/index.html 中定义您将在下面看到句子 'I prescribed this medication' 中规定的是 过去时 以及从 'he had already taken'.

中获取和拥有的词

library(udpipe)
x <- data.frame(doc_id = 1:4, 
                text = c("I will prescribe this medication", 
                         "I prescribed this medication", 
                         "He had already taken the stuff", 
                         "he may take the stuff later"), 
                stringsAsFactors = FALSE)
anno <- udpipe(x, "english")
anno <- cbind_morphological(anno)

anno[, c("doc_id", "token", "lemma", "feats", "morph_verbform", "morph_tense")]

 doc_id      token      lemma                                                  feats morph_verbform morph_tense
      1          I          I             Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs           <NA>        <NA>
      1       will       will                                           VerbForm=Fin            Fin        <NA>
      1  prescribe  prescribe                                           VerbForm=Inf            Inf        <NA>
      1       this       this                               Number=Sing|PronType=Dem           <NA>        <NA>
      1 medication medication                                            Number=Sing           <NA>        <NA>
      2          I          I             Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs           <NA>        <NA>
      2 prescribed  prescribe                       Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin            Fin        Past
      2       this       this                               Number=Sing|PronType=Dem           <NA>        <NA>
      2 medication medication                                            Number=Sing           <NA>        <NA>
      3         He         he Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs           <NA>        <NA>
      3        had       have                       Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin            Fin        Past
      3    already    already                                                   <NA>           <NA>        <NA>
      3      taken       take                               Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part           Part        Past
      3        the        the                              Definite=Def|PronType=Art           <NA>        <NA>
      3      stuff      stuff                                            Number=Sing           <NA>        <NA>
      4         he         he Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs           <NA>        <NA>
      4        may        may                                           VerbForm=Fin            Fin        <NA>
      4       take       take                                           VerbForm=Inf            Inf        <NA>
      4        the        the                              Definite=Def|PronType=Art           <NA>        <NA>
      4      stuff      stuff                                            Number=Sing           <NA>        <NA>
      4      later      later                                                   <NA>           <NA>        <NA>

使用 POS 标记确定句子的时间性

determine the temporality of a sentence with POS tagging

r

text-mining

tidytext