EnvelopedCms 如何正确识别要解密的证书而不请求密码？

Question

我正在解密电子邮件中的 SMIME.P7M 附件。我目前有以下

                EnvelopedCms envDate = new EnvelopedCms(new ContentInfo(data));
                envDate.Decode(data);
                RecipientInfoCollection recips = envDate.RecipientInfos;
                RecipientInfo recipin = recips[0];
                X509Certificate2 x509_2 = LoadCertificate2(StoreLocation.CurrentUser, (SubjectIdentifier)recipin.RecipientIdentifier);

加载证书如下所示

public static X509Certificate2 LoadCertificate2(StoreLocation storeLocation, SubjectIdentifier identifier)
        {
            X509Store store = new X509Store(storeLocation);
            store.Open(OpenFlags.ReadOnly);
            X509Certificate2Collection certCollection = store.Certificates;
            X509Certificate2 x509 = null;
            X509IssuerSerial issuerSerial;

            if (identifier.Type == SubjectIdentifierType.IssuerAndSerialNumber)
            {
                issuerSerial = (X509IssuerSerial)identifier.Value;
            }

            foreach (X509Certificate2 c in certCollection)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("{0}Valid Date: {1}{0}", Environment.NewLine, c.NotBefore);
                if (c.SerialNumber == issuerSerial.SerialNumber && c.Issuer == issuerSerial.IssuerName)
                {
                    x509 = c;
                    break;
                }
            }
            if (x509 == null)
                Console.WriteLine("A x509 certificate for  was not found");
            store.Close();
            return x509;
        }

以上代码只获取第一个收件人RecipientInfo recipin = recips[0];然而，获取适当证书以遍历每个收件人并检查 SubjectIdentifier 存储的最有效方法是什么？

一旦获得正确的证书，我就使用这个

                X509Certificate2Collection col = new X509Certificate2Collection(x509_2);
                envDate.Decrypt(col);
               decData = envDate.ContentInfo.Content;

这会提示输入与证书私钥关联的 PIN，我如何在调用 decrypt 之前添加 PIN 以便没有提示？

Answer 1

.NET Framework 中的 EnvelopedCms class 没有任何方法可以让您轻松地以编程方式应用 PIN（或其他解锁机制）；特别是如果证书存在于 CurrentUser\My 或 LocalMachine\My 存储中（因为这些存储在 extraStore 集合中的任何证书之前被搜索）。

在 .NET Framework 4.7+ 上，如果证书不在 CurrentUser\My 或 LocalMachine\My 存储区中，您可以通过非常迂回的方式为 CNG 可访问密钥完成此操作：

CngKey key = ExerciseLeftToTheReader();
key.SetProperty(new CngProperty("SmartCardPin", pin, CngPropertyOptions.None));
X509Certificate2 cert = DifferentExerciseLeftToTheReader();

// You need to use tmpCert because this won't do good things if the certificate
// already knows about/how-to-find its associated private key

using (key)
using (X509Certificate2 tmpCert = new X509Certificate2(cert.RawData))
{
   // Need to NOT read the HasPrivateKey property until after the property set.  Debugger beware.
   NativeMethods.CertSetCertificateContextProperty(
       tmpCert.Handle,
       CERT_NCRYPT_KEY_HANDLE_PROP_ID,
       CERT_SET_PROPERTY_INHIBIT_PERSIST_FLAG,
       key.Handle);

   envelopedCms.Decrypt(new X509Certificate2Collection(tmpCert));
}

（当然，您需要为 CertSetCertificateContextProperty 定义 P/Invoke）

在 .NET Core 3.0 中，这变得更容易（预览版 2 当前可使用此功能）...尽管它确实让您承担了确定您是哪个 RecipientInfo 以及哪个密钥与之相关的负担：

RecipientInfo recipientInfo = FigureOutWhichOneYouCanMatch();
CngKey key = ExerciseLeftToTheReader();
key.SetProperty(new CngProperty("SmartCardPin", pin, CngPropertyOptions.None));

using (key)
using (RSA rsa = new RSACng(key))
{
    envelopedCms.Decrypt(recipientInfo, rsa);
}

EnvelopedCms 如何正确识别要解密的证书而不请求密码？

EnvelopedCms how to properly identify certificate to decrypt and not request a password?

encryption

certificate

x509certificate

smime