在 pytest 中验证来自 SystemExit 的错误代码或消息

Verify the error code or message from SystemExit in pytest

根据 pytest 文档,我可以断言发生了 SystemExit(),但我想做更多:我还想验证退出代码和任何消息。我尝试了下面的代码,但没有打印任何内容,而且我不确定我需要断言什么来证明我得到了正确的错误代码。

    with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
        docopt_args = validate_args(docopt_args)
        out, err = pytest.capsys.readouterr()
        assert out == 'Foo'
        print out, err

当我 运行 我的测试通过时,仅此而已。没有打印任何内容,我也没有收到断言错误。

我希望执行的代码是:

        print '\n' + docopt_args['-d'] + ' is not a valid date\n'
        sys.exit(-3)

这适用于最新的 pytest:

您需要做的就是 运行 pytest 使用 --capture=sys 选项并依赖于 raises() 上下文之外的断言(这个位出于某种原因很重要!)

示例:

#!/usr/bin/env python

from __future__ import print_function

import pytest


def f(code=0):
    print("Foo")
    raise SystemExit(code)


def test_f(capsys):
    with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
        f()
    out, err = capsys.readouterr()
    assert out == "Foo\n"
    print(out, err)

演示:

$ py.test -v --capture=sys test_foo.py 
======================================= test session starts ========================================
platform linux2 -- Python 2.7.9 -- py-1.4.27 -- pytest-2.7.0 -- /home/prologic/.virtualenvs/test/bin/python
rootdir: /home/prologic/tmp, inifile: 
collected 1 items 

test_foo.py::test_f PASSED

===================================== 1 passed in 0.00 seconds =====================================

print("Foo") 更改为 print("Bar") 结果:

$ py.test -v --capture=sys test_foo.py 
======================================= test session starts ========================================
platform linux2 -- Python 2.7.9 -- py-1.4.27 -- pytest-2.7.0 -- /home/prologic/.virtualenvs/test/bin/python
rootdir: /home/prologic/tmp, inifile: 
collected 1 items 

test_foo.py::test_f FAILED

============================================= FAILURES =============================================
______________________________________________ test_f ______________________________________________

capsys = <_pytest.capture.CaptureFixture instance at 0x7f2729405518>

    def test_f(capsys):
        with pytest.raises(SystemExit):
            f()
        out, err = capsys.readouterr()
>       assert out == "Foo\n"
E       assert 'Bar\n' == 'Foo\n'
E         - Bar
E         + Foo

test_foo.py:17: AssertionError
===================================== 1 failed in 0.01 seconds =====================================

我认为这正是您所追求的!

我干干净净 virtualenv:

mkvirtualenv test
pip install pytest

这里的技巧是阅读和理解Setting capturing methods or disabling capturing