从 JUnit4 迁移到 JUnit5 在 @Autowired 存储库上抛出 NullPointerException

Migrating from JUnit4 to JUnit5 throws NullPointerException on @Autowired repositories

我有一个非常简单的存储库测试,它在我使用时运行得很好 JUnit 的 4“@RunWith(SpringRunner.Class)”。当我尝试像提供的示例中那样使用“@ExtendWith”时,在尝试使用存储库时出现 NullPointerException。使用后一个注释时,“@Autowire”似乎没有注入存储库。这是 pom.xml 文件和堆栈跟踪:https://pastebin.com/4KSsgLfb

实体Class:

package org.tim.entities;

import lombok.AccessLevel;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NonNull;
import lombok.Setter;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;

@Entity
@Data
public class ExampleEntity {

@Id
@Setter(AccessLevel.NONE)
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
private Long id;

@NotNull
@NonNull
private String name;

}

存储库Class:

package org.tim.repositories;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import org.tim.entities.ExampleEntity;

@Repository
public interface ExampleRepository extends JpaRepository<ExampleEntity, Long> {
}

测试Class:

package org.tim;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.orm.jpa.DataJpaTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension;
import org.tim.entities.ExampleEntity;
import org.tim.repositories.ExampleRepository;


@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
@DataJpaTest
public class exampleTestClass {

@Autowired
private ExampleRepository exampleRepository;

@Test
public void exampleTest() {
    exampleRepository.save(new ExampleEntity("name"));
}
}

在文档中说:

If you are using JUnit 4, don’t forget to also add @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) to your test, otherwise the annotations will be ignored. If you are using JUnit 5, there’s no need to add the equivalent @ExtendWith(SpringExtension) as @SpringBootTest and the other @…Test annotations are already annotated with it.

Testing Spring Boot Applications

所以尝试删除测试类中的@extendWith

您使用了错误的 @Test 注释。

当使用 SpringExtension 和 JUnit Jupiter (JUnit 5) 时,您必须使用 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; 而不是 import org.junit.Test;