线程作为class的成员变量

Thread as member variable of class

我想在某个class的成员变量中持有一个线程。以下代码片段显示了我想要实现的目标:

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <vector>


class Test {

    public:
    std::thread& t;    
    Test(std::thread&& rt) : t(rt) {}    
};

int main()
{
    std::vector<Test> tests;

    {
        std::thread t ([]{
            std::cout << 1;
        });
        tests.push_back(Test(std::move(t)));
    }   

    for(Test mytest : tests)
    {
        mytest.t.join();
    }

}

代码将在 join() 行中断。错误是:

terminate called without an active exception
Aborted (core dumped)

为什么我不能通过 mytest.t 调用线程,而原始线程创建的范围是剩余的?

由于std::thread可移动但不可复制,你可以这样做:

class Test {

public:
    std::thread t;
    Test(std::thread&& rt) : t(std::move(rt)) {}
};

int main()
{
    std::vector<Test> tests;

    {
        std::thread t([] {
            std::cout << 1;
        });
        tests.push_back(Test(std::move(t)));
    }

    for (Test& mytest : tests)
    {
        mytest.t.join();
    }

}

在您的 class 中,您有一个 引用 线程,而不是线程对象:

std::thread& t;
           ^

这意味着将发生以下序列:

{
    std::thread t ([]{
        std::cout << 1;
    });                                  // 1. Thread is created.
    tests.push_back(Test(std::move(t))); // 2. Reference to moved thread is taken 
                                         // and after move thread is destroyed.
                                         // 3. Now the thread is destroyed, 
                                         // but not joined which will call `std::terminate` 
                                         // (Thanks @tkausl)
}   

如果您 class std::thread t 此举会奏效。

正如@tkausl 所提到的,它是一个引用,{} 一旦超出范围并且您的引用不再有效,就会销毁线程对象。此外,您需要修改循环,使其不会创建原始 Test 对象的副本。修改后变成:

class Test {

    public:
    std::thread& t;    
    Test(std::thread&& rt) : t(rt) {}    
};

int main()
{
    std::vector<Test> tests;


    std::thread t ([]{
        std::cout << 1;
    });
    tests.push_back(Test(std::move(t)));

    for(Test& mytest : tests)
    {
        mytest.t.join();
    }
}