如何将 Web 组件分离到单个文件并加载它们?

How to separate web components to individual files and load them?

我有一个 Web 组件 x-counter,它在一个文件中。

const template = document.createElement('template');
template.innerHTML = `
  <style>
    button, p {
      display: inline-block;
    }
  </style>
  <button aria-label="decrement">-</button>
    <p>0</p>
  <button aria-label="increment">+</button>
`;

class XCounter extends HTMLElement {
  set value(value) {
    this._value = value;
    this.valueElement.innerText = this._value;
  }

  get value() {
    return this._value;
  }

  constructor() {
    super();
    this._value = 0;

    this.root = this.attachShadow({ mode: 'open' });
    this.root.appendChild(template.content.cloneNode(true));

    this.valueElement = this.root.querySelector('p');
    this.incrementButton = this.root.querySelectorAll('button')[1];
    this.decrementButton = this.root.querySelectorAll('button')[0];

    this.incrementButton
      .addEventListener('click', (e) => this.value++);

    this.decrementButton
      .addEventListener('click', (e) => this.value--);
  }
}

customElements.define('x-counter', XCounter);

此处模板定义为使用 JavaScript 和 html 内容添加为内联字符串。有没有办法将模板分离到 x-counter.html 文件,css 说,x-counter.css 和相应的 JavaScript 代码到 xcounter.js 并将它们加载到 index.html?

我查找的每个示例都混合了 Web 组件。我想分离关注点,但我不确定如何使用组件来做到这一点。你能提供一个示例代码吗?谢谢。

在主文件中,使用<script>加载Javascript文件x-counter.js

在Javascript文件中,使用fetch()加载HTML代码x-counter.html

在HTML文件中,使用<link rel="stylesheet">加载CSS文件x-counter.css.

CSS 文件:x-counter.css

button, p {
    display: inline-block;
    color: dodgerblue;
}

HTML 文件:x-counter.html

<link rel="stylesheet" href="x-counter.css">
<button aria-label="decrement">-</button>
    <p>0</p>
<button aria-label="increment">+</button>

Javascript 文件:x-counter.js

fetch("x-counter.html")
    .then(stream => stream.text())
    .then(text => define(text));

function define(html) {
    class XCounter extends HTMLElement {
        set value(value) {
            this._value = value;
            this.valueElement.innerText = this._value;
        }

        get value() {
            return this._value;
        }

        constructor() {
            super();
            this._value = 0;

            var shadow = this.attachShadow({mode: 'open'});
            shadow.innerHTML = html;

            this.valueElement = shadow.querySelector('p');
            var incrementButton = shadow.querySelectorAll('button')[1];
            var decrementButton = shadow.querySelectorAll('button')[0];

            incrementButton.onclick = () => this.value++;
            decrementButton.onclick = () => this.value--;
        }
    }

    customElements.define('x-counter', XCounter);
}

主文件:index.html

<html>
<head>
    <!-- ... -->
    <script src="x-counter.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
    <x-counter></x-counter>
</body>
</html>