如何使用 SQL Server 将行连接成一个单元格并在每个单元格后添加换行符

Question

我正在使用 SQL Server 2017，我正在尝试创建一个查询，将每位员工的语言和熟练程度级别串联在一行中。在我的 SQL 数据库中存储信息的 table 例如：

我想达到的最终结果是：

使用 Stuff 函数和 xml 路径，我设法创建了一个 select 查询来显示：

但是我找不到插入分隔线的方法。该查询将用作 AspxGridview 的数据源。

有什么帮助吗？

提前致谢！

我目前的查询：

select distinct
p.PersonID,
STUFF
( (SELECT char(10) + l.Language+' ('+ (case  cvnl.Proficiency when  1 then 'Good'
                                                                    when 2 then 'Very Good'
                                                                    when 3 then 'Excellent'
                                                                    end )
                                                    +') ' FROM CV_NewLanguages cvnl
                                                            inner join Languages l on l.LanguageID = cvnl.LanguageID
    WHERE cvnl.PersonID = p.PersonID

    ORDER BY l.Language ASC FOR XML PATH('')), 1, 1, '') AS Languages
from CV_Certifications cv
       inner join person p on cv.PersonID=p.PersonID
             inner join CV_NewLanguages cvnl on cvnl.PersonID=p.PersonID
               inner join Languages l on l.LanguageID=cvnl.LanguageID
where  active=1      
group by 
p.PersonID,
cvnl.Proficiency,
l.Language
order by p.PersonID

结果是这样的： enter image description here

Answer 1

您可以尝试 Pinal 的以下解决方案。

https://blog.sqlauthority.com/2009/07/01/sql-server-difference-between-line-feed-n-and-carriage-return-r-t-sql-new-line-char/

我在将它的输出绑定到 crystal 报告时使用了它。还没有尝试过使用 aspx gridview。

Answer 2

当您使用 SQL 服务器 2017 时，您可以使用 STRING_AGG 功能

SELECT 
    p.PersonID, 
    STRING_AGG( Language + '(' + 
        CASE cvnl.Proficiency 
            WHEN 1 THEN 'Good'
            WHEN 2 THEN 'Very Good'
            THEN 3 THEN 'Excellent'
        END + ')'
    , CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)) AS Languages
FROM CV_Certifications cv
JOIN person p on cv.PersonID = p.PersonID
JOIN CV_NewLanguages cvnl on cvnl.PersonID = p.PersonID
JOIN Languages l on l.LanguageID = cvnl.LanguageID
WHERE active=1      
GROUP BY p.PersonID,
ORDER BY p.PersonID

您提到 AspxGridview 需要它，因此您可能也需要 HTML 中断

SELECT 
    p.PersonID, 
    STRING_AGG( Language + '(' + 
        CASE cvnl.Proficiency 
            WHEN 1 THEN 'Good'
            WHEN 2 THEN 'Very Good'
            THEN 3 THEN 'Excellent'
        END + ')'
    , CHAR(13) + CHAR(10) + '<BR/>' + CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)) AS Languages
FROM CV_Certifications cv
JOIN person p on cv.PersonID = p.PersonID
JOIN CV_NewLanguages cvnl on cvnl.PersonID = p.PersonID
JOIN Languages l on l.LanguageID = cvnl.LanguageID
WHERE active=1      
GROUP BY p.PersonID,
ORDER BY p.PersonID

如果您使用的是 SQL 以前的版本或者您想继续使用 STUFF，您可以替换 STUFF 结果中的逗号

SELECT 
    p.PersonID,
    REPLACE(
        STUFF( (
            SELECT ',' + l.Language +' (' + 
            CASE cvnl.Proficiency 
                WHEN 1 THEN 'Good'
                WHEN 2 THEN 'Very Good'
                WHEN 3 THEN 'Excellent'
            END +') ' 
            FROM CV_NewLanguages cvnl
            JOIN Languages l on l.LanguageID = cvnl.LanguageID
            WHERE cvnl.PersonID = p.PersonID
            ORDER BY l.Language ASC 
            FOR XML PATH(''))
         , 1, 1, '')
    ,',',CHAR(13) + CHAR(10)) AS Languages
FROM person p  
WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM CV_Certifications cv WHERE cv.PersonID = p.PersonID)
AND EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM CV_NewLanguages cvnl WHERE cvnl.PersonID = p.PersonID
AND active=1      
ORDER BY p.PersonID

我还自由地对您的查询进行了一些调整

如何使用 SQL Server 将行连接成一个单元格并在每个单元格后添加换行符

How to concatenate rows into one cell and add break line after each one using SQL Server

sql

sql-server

sql-server-2017

string-aggregation