将日志文件中的多行消息加入 R 中的单行
Join multiline message from log file into a single row in R
如何将日志文件的多行连接到 1 个数据帧行中?
添加了一行 -- 示例 4 行日志文件:
[WARN ][2016-12-16 13:43:10,138][ConfigManagerLoader] - [Low max memory=477102080. Java max memory=1000 MB is recommended for production use, as a minimum.]
[DEBUG][2016-05-26 10:10:22,185][DataSourceImpl] - [SELECT mr.lb_id,mr.lf_id,mr.mr_id FROM mr WHERE (( mr.cap_em >
0 AND mr.cap_em > 5
)) ORDER BY mr.lb_id, mr.lf_id, mr.mr_id]
[ERROR][2016-12-21 13:51:04,710][DWRWorkflowService] - [Update Wizard - : [DWR WFR request error:
workflow rule = BenCommonResources-getDataRecords
version = 2.0
filterValues = [{"fieldName": "wotable_hwohtable.status", "filterValue": "CLOSED"}, {"fieldName": "wotable_hwohtable.status_clearance", "filterValue": "Goods Delivered"}]
sortValues = [{"fieldName": "wotable_hwohtable.cost_actual", "sortOrder": -1}]
Result code = ruleFailed
Result message = Database error while processing request.
Result details = null
]]
[INFO ][2019-03-15 12:34:55,886][DefaultListableBeanFactory] - [Overriding bean definition for bean 'cpnreq': replacing [Generic bean: class [com.ar.moves.domain.bom.Cpnreq]; scope=prototype; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=0; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=null; factoryMethodName=null; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=null; defined in URL [jar:file:/D:/Dev/404.jar!/com/ar/moves/moves-context.xml]] with [Generic bean: class [com.ar.bl.bom.domain.Cpnreq]; scope=prototype; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=0; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=null; factoryMethodName=null; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=null; defined in URL [jar:file:/D:/Dev/Tools/Tomcatv8.5-appGit-master/404.jar!/com/ar/bl/bom/bl-bom-context.xml]]]
(请参阅 https://pastebin.com/bsmWWCgw 处的代表性 8 行摘录。)
结构干净:
[PRIOR][datetime][ClassName] - [Msg]
但是消息通常是多行的,消息本身可能有多个括号(甚至尾随......),或者 ^M 换行符,但不一定......这使得解析变得困难。不知道从哪里开始……
所以,为了处理这样的文件,并且能够像这样读取它:
#!/usr/bin/env Rscript
df <- read.table('D:/logfile.log')
我们确实需要先进行行合并。这怎么可能?
目标是加载整个日志文件以制作图形、分析(grepping out stuff),并最终将其写回到文件中,因此——如果可能——应该保留换行符以尊重原始格式。
预期的数据框如下所示:
PRIOR Datetime ClassName Msg
----- ------------------- ------------------- ----------
WARN 2016-12-16 13:43:10 ConfigManagerLoader Low max...
DEBUG 2016-05-26 10:10:22 DataSourceImpl SELECT ...
而且,理想情况下,这应该可以直接在 R 中完成(?),这样我们就可以 "process" 实时日志文件(由服务器应用程序以写入模式打开),“à la tail -f
".
这是一个非常邪恶的正则表达式炸弹。我建议使用 stringr
包,但您可以使用 grep
样式函数来完成所有这些操作。
library(stringr)
str <- c(
'[WARN ][2016-12-16 13:43:10,138][ConfigManagerLoader] - [Low max memory=477102080. Java max memory=1000 MB is recommended for production use, as a minimum.]
[DEBUG][2016-05-26 10:10:22,185][DataSourceImpl] - [SELECT mr.lb_id,mr.lf_id,mr.mr_id FROM mr WHERE (( mr.cap_em >
0 AND mr.cap_em > 5
)) ORDER BY mr.lb_id, mr.lf_id, mr.mr_id]
[ERROR][2016-12-21 13:51:04,710][DWRWorkflowService] - [Update Wizard - : [DWR WFR request error:
workflow rule = BenCommonResources-getDataRecords
version = 2.0
filterValues = [{"fieldName": "wotable_hwohtable.status", "filterValue": "CLOSED"}, {"fieldName": "wotable_hwohtable.status_clearance", "filterValue": "Goods Delivered"}]
sortValues = [{"fieldName": "wotable_hwohtable.cost_actual", "sortOrder": -1}]
Result code = ruleFailed
Result message = Database error while processing request.
Result details = null
]]'
)
使用正则表达式,我们可以通过检查您提到的模式来拆分每一行。此正则表达式正在检查 [
,后跟任何非换行符或换行符或回车 return 字符,后跟 [
。但这是一种惰性(非贪婪)方式,使用 *?
。重复 3 次,然后检查 -
。最后,检查 [
,后跟包含方括号内信息的任何字符或组,然后是 ]
。那是一口。将其输入正则表达式计算器。请记住删除额外的反斜杠(在正则表达式计算器中使用 \
但在 R 中使用 \
)。
# Split the text into each line without using \n or \r.
# pattern for each line is a lazy (non-greedy) [][][] - []
linesplit <- str %>%
# str_remove_all("\n") %>%
# str_extract_all('\[(.|\n|\r)+\]')
str_extract_all('\[(.|\n|\r)*?\]\[(.|\n|\r)*?\]\[(.|\n|\r)*?\] - \[(.|\n|\r|(\[(.|\n|\r)*?\]))*?\]') %>%
unlist()
linesplit # Run this to view what happened
现在我们将每一行分开,将它们分成几列。但是我们不想保留 [
或 ]
,所以我们在正则表达式代码中使用积极的后视和积极的前瞻来检查它们是否存在而不捕获它们。哦,当然要捕捉他们之间的一切。
# Split each line into columns
colsplit <- linesplit %>%
str_extract_all("(?<=\[)(.|\n|\r)*?(?=\])")
colsplit # Run this to view what happened
现在我们有了一个列表,每行都有一个对象。在每个对象中,每列有 4 个项目。我们需要将这 4 个项目转换为数据框,然后将这些数据框连接在一起。
# Convert each line to a dataframe, then join the dataframes together
df <- lapply(colsplit,
function(x){
data.frame(
PRIOR = x[1],
Datetime = x[2],
ClassName = x[3],
Msg = x[4],
stringsAsFactors = FALSE
)
}
) %>%
do.call(rbind,.)
df
# PRIOR Datetime ClassName Msg
# 1 WARN 2016-12-16 13:43:10,138 ConfigManagerLoader Low max memory=
# 2 DEBUG 2016-05-26 10:10:22,185 DataSourceImpl SELECT mr.lb_id
# 3 ERROR 2016-12-21 13:51:04,710 DWRWorkflowService Update Wizard -
# Note: there are extra spaces that probably should be trimmed,
# and the dates are slightly messed up. I'll leave those for the
# questioner to fix using a mutate and the string functions.
我会留给您修复额外的空格和日期字段。
如何将日志文件的多行连接到 1 个数据帧行中?
添加了一行 -- 示例 4 行日志文件:
[WARN ][2016-12-16 13:43:10,138][ConfigManagerLoader] - [Low max memory=477102080. Java max memory=1000 MB is recommended for production use, as a minimum.]
[DEBUG][2016-05-26 10:10:22,185][DataSourceImpl] - [SELECT mr.lb_id,mr.lf_id,mr.mr_id FROM mr WHERE (( mr.cap_em >
0 AND mr.cap_em > 5
)) ORDER BY mr.lb_id, mr.lf_id, mr.mr_id]
[ERROR][2016-12-21 13:51:04,710][DWRWorkflowService] - [Update Wizard - : [DWR WFR request error:
workflow rule = BenCommonResources-getDataRecords
version = 2.0
filterValues = [{"fieldName": "wotable_hwohtable.status", "filterValue": "CLOSED"}, {"fieldName": "wotable_hwohtable.status_clearance", "filterValue": "Goods Delivered"}]
sortValues = [{"fieldName": "wotable_hwohtable.cost_actual", "sortOrder": -1}]
Result code = ruleFailed
Result message = Database error while processing request.
Result details = null
]]
[INFO ][2019-03-15 12:34:55,886][DefaultListableBeanFactory] - [Overriding bean definition for bean 'cpnreq': replacing [Generic bean: class [com.ar.moves.domain.bom.Cpnreq]; scope=prototype; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=0; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=null; factoryMethodName=null; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=null; defined in URL [jar:file:/D:/Dev/404.jar!/com/ar/moves/moves-context.xml]] with [Generic bean: class [com.ar.bl.bom.domain.Cpnreq]; scope=prototype; abstract=false; lazyInit=false; autowireMode=0; dependencyCheck=0; autowireCandidate=true; primary=false; factoryBeanName=null; factoryMethodName=null; initMethodName=null; destroyMethodName=null; defined in URL [jar:file:/D:/Dev/Tools/Tomcatv8.5-appGit-master/404.jar!/com/ar/bl/bom/bl-bom-context.xml]]]
(请参阅 https://pastebin.com/bsmWWCgw 处的代表性 8 行摘录。)
结构干净:
[PRIOR][datetime][ClassName] - [Msg]
但是消息通常是多行的,消息本身可能有多个括号(甚至尾随......),或者 ^M 换行符,但不一定......这使得解析变得困难。不知道从哪里开始……
所以,为了处理这样的文件,并且能够像这样读取它:
#!/usr/bin/env Rscript
df <- read.table('D:/logfile.log')
我们确实需要先进行行合并。这怎么可能?
目标是加载整个日志文件以制作图形、分析(grepping out stuff),并最终将其写回到文件中,因此——如果可能——应该保留换行符以尊重原始格式。
预期的数据框如下所示:
PRIOR Datetime ClassName Msg
----- ------------------- ------------------- ----------
WARN 2016-12-16 13:43:10 ConfigManagerLoader Low max...
DEBUG 2016-05-26 10:10:22 DataSourceImpl SELECT ...
而且,理想情况下,这应该可以直接在 R 中完成(?),这样我们就可以 "process" 实时日志文件(由服务器应用程序以写入模式打开),“à la tail -f
".
这是一个非常邪恶的正则表达式炸弹。我建议使用 stringr
包,但您可以使用 grep
样式函数来完成所有这些操作。
library(stringr)
str <- c(
'[WARN ][2016-12-16 13:43:10,138][ConfigManagerLoader] - [Low max memory=477102080. Java max memory=1000 MB is recommended for production use, as a minimum.]
[DEBUG][2016-05-26 10:10:22,185][DataSourceImpl] - [SELECT mr.lb_id,mr.lf_id,mr.mr_id FROM mr WHERE (( mr.cap_em >
0 AND mr.cap_em > 5
)) ORDER BY mr.lb_id, mr.lf_id, mr.mr_id]
[ERROR][2016-12-21 13:51:04,710][DWRWorkflowService] - [Update Wizard - : [DWR WFR request error:
workflow rule = BenCommonResources-getDataRecords
version = 2.0
filterValues = [{"fieldName": "wotable_hwohtable.status", "filterValue": "CLOSED"}, {"fieldName": "wotable_hwohtable.status_clearance", "filterValue": "Goods Delivered"}]
sortValues = [{"fieldName": "wotable_hwohtable.cost_actual", "sortOrder": -1}]
Result code = ruleFailed
Result message = Database error while processing request.
Result details = null
]]'
)
使用正则表达式,我们可以通过检查您提到的模式来拆分每一行。此正则表达式正在检查 [
,后跟任何非换行符或换行符或回车 return 字符,后跟 [
。但这是一种惰性(非贪婪)方式,使用 *?
。重复 3 次,然后检查 -
。最后,检查 [
,后跟包含方括号内信息的任何字符或组,然后是 ]
。那是一口。将其输入正则表达式计算器。请记住删除额外的反斜杠(在正则表达式计算器中使用 \
但在 R 中使用 \
)。
# Split the text into each line without using \n or \r.
# pattern for each line is a lazy (non-greedy) [][][] - []
linesplit <- str %>%
# str_remove_all("\n") %>%
# str_extract_all('\[(.|\n|\r)+\]')
str_extract_all('\[(.|\n|\r)*?\]\[(.|\n|\r)*?\]\[(.|\n|\r)*?\] - \[(.|\n|\r|(\[(.|\n|\r)*?\]))*?\]') %>%
unlist()
linesplit # Run this to view what happened
现在我们将每一行分开,将它们分成几列。但是我们不想保留 [
或 ]
,所以我们在正则表达式代码中使用积极的后视和积极的前瞻来检查它们是否存在而不捕获它们。哦,当然要捕捉他们之间的一切。
# Split each line into columns
colsplit <- linesplit %>%
str_extract_all("(?<=\[)(.|\n|\r)*?(?=\])")
colsplit # Run this to view what happened
现在我们有了一个列表,每行都有一个对象。在每个对象中,每列有 4 个项目。我们需要将这 4 个项目转换为数据框,然后将这些数据框连接在一起。
# Convert each line to a dataframe, then join the dataframes together
df <- lapply(colsplit,
function(x){
data.frame(
PRIOR = x[1],
Datetime = x[2],
ClassName = x[3],
Msg = x[4],
stringsAsFactors = FALSE
)
}
) %>%
do.call(rbind,.)
df
# PRIOR Datetime ClassName Msg
# 1 WARN 2016-12-16 13:43:10,138 ConfigManagerLoader Low max memory=
# 2 DEBUG 2016-05-26 10:10:22,185 DataSourceImpl SELECT mr.lb_id
# 3 ERROR 2016-12-21 13:51:04,710 DWRWorkflowService Update Wizard -
# Note: there are extra spaces that probably should be trimmed,
# and the dates are slightly messed up. I'll leave those for the
# questioner to fix using a mutate and the string functions.
我会留给您修复额外的空格和日期字段。