在 java 中输出文本文件的 CaesarCipher 程序

CaesarCipher program that output a text file in java

我正在尝试构建一个接受文本文件的程序,应用 CaesarCipher 方法和 returns 以及输出文件。

import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;

class CaesarCipher
{
    public static void main (String [] args) throws FileNotFoundException {
        System.out.print("What is the input file name? ");
        Scanner keyboard = new Scanner(System.in);
        String fileName = keyboard.nextLine();
        Scanner inputFile = new Scanner (new File (fileName));
        String inputFileString = inputFile.toString();
        System.out.print("What is the input file name? ");
        int s = 4;
        System.out.println("Text  : " + inputFileString);
        System.out.println("Shift : " + s);
        System.out.println("Cipher: " + encrypt(inputFileString, s));
    }

    public static String encrypt(String inputFileString, int s) {
        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();

        for (int i=0; i< inputFileString.length(); i++) {
            if (Character.isUpperCase(inputFileString.charAt(i))) {
                char ch = (char)(((int)inputFileString.charAt(i) + s - 65) % 26 + 65);
                result.append(ch);
            }
            else {
                char ch = (char)(((int)inputFileString.charAt(i) + s - 97) % 26 + 97);
                result.append(ch);
            }
        }

        return result.toString();
    }
}

我有两个问题: 1- 程序正在编译,但是当我 运行 它并输入文本文件名时,我得到这个错误:

What is the input file name? Text : java.util.Scanner[delimiters=\p{javaWhitespace}+][position=0][match valid=false][need input=false][source closed=false][skipped=false][group separator=\,][decimal separator=.][positive prefix=][negative prefix=\Q-\E][positive suffix=][negative suffix=][NaN string=\Q�\E][infinity string=\Q∞\E]

2- 如何构建包含编码文本的新输出文件?

您现有的代码不会实际将输入文件读入String。您可以使用多种方法来做到这一点,其中一种方法是 Files.readAllLines(Path),其中 returns 一个 List<String> 文件行。流式传输,并使用行分隔符收集它。喜欢,

String inputFileString = Files.readAllLines(new File(fileName).toPath()).stream()
            .collect(Collectors.joining(System.lineSeparator()));

至于写入文件,请查看PrintStream(File)构造函数。

它与 StringBuilder 一起工作

StringBuilder inputFileString = new StringBuilder();
        while (inputFile.hasNext()) {
            String x = inputFile.nextLine();
            inputFileString.append(x);
        }

完整回答您的问题:

  1. 您没有以正确的方式使用扫描仪。这是一个很好的答案,它显示了 how to convert an InputStream to a String 的几种方式。您唯一需要知道的是如何获得文件的 InputStream(检查下面的代码)。 作为旁注,您应该始终记住关闭您的资源。如果不再使用,请关闭您的 FileInputStream (more details here)。
    File file = new File("your/file/path/file.ending");
    try (FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(file)) {
        // your code here
    } catch (FileNotFoundException e){
        e.printStackTrace();
    }

  1. 创建内容并将内容写入文件也有多种可能性。看看:如何使用 Java 将字符串保存到文本文件?

总而言之,我创建了一个工作示例,使用稍微不同的方式来实施凯撒加密,并使用 Files.lines(...) to read the files content and Files.write(...) 将加密内容写入新文件:

import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class CaesarCipher {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

        System.out.print("What is the input file name? ");
        Path filePath = Paths.get(scanner.nextLine());

        System.out.print("What is the output file name? ");
        Path encodedFilePath = Paths.get(scanner.nextLine());

        System.out.print("Caesar cipher offset? ");
        final int offset = Integer.parseInt(scanner.nextLine());

        // Retrieve a a stream of the input file, where each line is mapped using the encrypt function
        Stream<String> mappedFileStream = Files.lines(filePath).map(msg -> CaesarCipher.encrypt(msg, offset));

        // Write encrypted content to a new file using our mapped stream as an iterable
        Files.write(
                encodedFilePath,
                (Iterable<String>) mappedFileStream::iterator,
                StandardCharsets.UTF_8,
                StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING);

        // Decrypt the encoded file content and print it
        Files.lines(encodedFilePath)
                .map((fileLine) -> CaesarCipher.decrypt(fileLine, offset))
                .forEach(System.out::println);
    }

    public static String encrypt(String msg, int offset) {
        offset = offset % 26 + 26;
        StringBuilder encoded = new StringBuilder(msg.length());
        for (char i : msg.toCharArray()) {
            if (Character.isLetter(i)) {
                char base = Character.isUpperCase(i) ? 'A' : 'a';
                encoded.append((char) (base + (i - base + offset) % 26));
            } else {
                encoded.append(i);
            }
        }
        return encoded.toString();
    }

    public static String decrypt(String enc, int offset) {
        return encrypt(enc, 26 - offset);
    }
}