用 mockito 模拟 Unirest

Question

我正处于开始编程阶段，我想询问有关使用 Mockito 模拟对象的问题，更具体地说是 Unirest 响应。假设我有一个数据库，每次测试时我都不想打扰它，我想为此使用 Mockito，但问题是我不确定如何创建假的 "httpResponse" 对象回来。为了提供一些背景信息，我附上了我的代码：

    /**
 * This method lists the ID of the activity when requested.
 *
 * @return the list of all activities
 */
public  JSONArray getActivites() {
    HttpResponse<JsonNode> jsonResponse = null;
    try {
        jsonResponse = Unirest
                .get("http://111.111.111.111:8080/activity")
                .header("accept", "application/json")
                .asJson();
    } catch (UnirestException e) {
        System.out.println("Server is unreachable");
    }

    JSONArray listOfActivities = jsonResponse.getBody().getArray();
    return listOfActivities;
}

所以我的想法是模拟 Unirest，然后当 .get 方法被调用时，我会 return 一个假的 HttpResponse，问题是，我不知道该怎么做，我有在网上看，并不能真正理解它。是否可以使用实际数据库执行 1 次，然后 "Extract" 信息并每次都使用它进行测试？

Answer 1

使用 PowerMockRunner、PowerMockito 和 Mockito 的示例片段

@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
    @PrepareForTest({ Unirest.class})
    public class TestApp{

      @Before
      public void setup() {
        PowerMockito.mockStatic(Unirest.class);
      }

      @Test
      public void shouldTestgetActivites() throws UnirestException {
        when(Unirest.get(Client.DEFAULT_BASE_URL)).thenReturn(getRequest);
        when(getRequest.asJson()).thenReturn(httpResponse);
        when(httpResponse.getStatus()).thenReturn(Integer.valueOf(200));

        assertThat(something).isEqualTo(true);
      }

    }

Answer 2

您可以将调用包装在包装器 class 中，而不是直接调用静态成员，该包装器可以提供基于某些参数的 HttpResponse。这是一个可以在 Mockito 中轻松模拟的接口。

/**
 * This is a wrapper around a Unirest API.
 */
class UnirestWrapper {

    private HttpResponse<JsonNode> getResponse(String accept, String url) {
        try {
            return Unirest
                .get(url)
                .header("accept", accept)
                .asJson();
        } catch (UnirestException e) {
            System.out.println("Server is unreachable");
        }
        // Or create a NULL HttpResponse instance.
        return null;
    }
}

private final UnirestWrapper unirestWrapper;

ThisClassConstructor(UnirestWrapper unirestWrapper) {
    this.unirestWrapper = unirestWrapper;
}

/**
 * This method lists the ID of the activity when requested.
 *
 * @return the list of all activities
 */
public JSONArray getActivites() {
    HttpResponse<JsonNode> jsonResponse = this.unirestWrapper.getResponse("http://111.111.111.111:8080/activity", "application/json");

    if (jsonResponse == null) {
        return null;
    }

    JSONArray listOfActivities = jsonResponse.getBody().getArray();
    return listOfActivities;
}

或者您可以使用电源模拟...

Answer 3

与此同时，原作者通过 unirest-mocks:

提供模拟支持

行家：

<dependency>
    <groupId>com.konghq</groupId>
    <artifactId>unirest-mocks</artifactId>
    <version>LATEST</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

用法：

class MyTest {
    @Test
    void expectGet(){
        MockClient mock = MockClient.register();

        mock.expect(HttpMethod.GET, "http://zombo.com")
                        .thenReturn("You can do anything!");
        
        assertEquals(
            "You can do anything!", 
            Unirest.get("http://zombo.com").asString().getBody()
        );
        
        //Optional: Verify all expectations were fulfilled
        mock.verifyAll();
    }
}

Answer 4

您可以使用 Mockito.mock(HttpResponse.class) 模拟 HttpResponse 并在获取此响应的正文时放入您的 json。例如：

HttpResponse response = Mockito.mock(HttpResponse.class);    
when(response.getBody()).thenReturn(readFileContent("my_response.json"));

此 'readFileContent' 只是一种读取我放置回复的文件的方法。你可以把你的 json 放在那里比较

Answer 5

我使用 JUnit5 和 Mockito 解决了类似的任务。 Class 正在测试中：

@Service
@RequiredArgsConstructor
@Profile("someProfile")
@Slf4j
public class SomeService {
    
    @Value("${value1}")
    private final String value1;

    @Value("${value2}")
    private final String value2;

    private final ObjectMapper mapper;
    private final CommonUtil commonUtil;

    public boolean methodUnderTest(String inputValue) {
        HttpResponse<String> result;
        //some logic 
        try {
            result = Unirest.get("url")
                    .header(header, value)
                    .routeParam("param", paramValue)
                    .asString();
            if (result.getStatus() != 200) {
                throw new MyException("Message");
            }
            //some logic
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("Log error", e);
            //some logic
        }
    }
}

并测试：

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
class SomeServiceTest {
    @Mock
    private CommonUtil commonUtil;
    @Mock
    private ObjectMapper mapper;
    @Mock
    HttpResponse httpResponse;
    @Mock
    GetRequest request;

    private SomeService serviceUnderTest;


    @BeforeEach
    void setUp() {
        this.serviceUnderTest = new SomeService("url", "valu1", mapper, commonUtil);
    }

    @Test
    void methodUnderTest_whenSmth_ThenSmth() throws UnirestException {
        try (MockedStatic<Unirest> unirest = Mockito.mockStatic(Unirest.class)) {
            unirest.when(() -> Unirest.get(anyString()))
                    .thenReturn(request);

            Mockito.when(commonUtil.encodeValue(Mockito.anyString())).thenReturn("123");

            Mockito.when(request.header(anyString(), anyString())).thenReturn(request);
            Mockito.when(request.routeParam(anyString(), anyString())).thenReturn(request);
            Mockito.when(request.asString()).thenReturn(httpResponse);


            Mockito.when(httpResponse.getStatus()).thenReturn(200);
            Mockito.when(httpResponse.getBody()).thenReturn("true");
            assertTrue(serviceUnderTest.methodUnderTest("123"));
        }
    }
 }

用 mockito 模拟 Unirest

Mocking Unirest with mockito

java

testing

mockito

unirest