How to fix 'TypeError: Object of type bytes is not JSON serializable'
How to fix 'TypeError: Object of type bytes is not JSON serializable'
我正在使用 Microsoft Azures Vision API 从本地 JPEG 图像中识别手写文本。我正在编辑 Microsoft 的源代码以允许从本地源而不是 URL 识别图像。但是，我不确定如何处理此错误：'TypeError: Object of type bytes is not JSON serializable'.
image_path = "/Users/FelixWallis/Downloads/IMG_2430.jpg"
image_data = open(image_path, "rb").read()
headers = {'Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key': subscription_key}
params = {'mode': 'Handwritten'}
response = requests.post(
text_recognition_url, headers=headers, params=params, json=image_data)
response.raise_for_status()
operation_url = response.headers["Operation-Location"]
analysis = {}
poll = True
while (poll):
response_final = requests.get(
response.headers["Operation-Location"], headers=headers)
analysis = response_final.json()
time.sleep(1)
if ("recognitionResult" in analysis):
poll= False
if ("status" in analysis and analysis['status'] == 'Failed'):
poll= False
polygons=[]
if ("recognitionResult" in analysis):
# Extract the recognized text, with bounding boxes.
polygons = [(line["boundingBox"], line["text"])
for line in analysis["recognitionResult"]["lines"]]
plt.figure(figsize=(15, 15))
image = Image.open(BytesIO(image_data))
ax = plt.imshow(image)
for polygon in polygons:
vertices = [(polygon[0][i], polygon[0][i+1])
for i in range(0, len(polygon[0]), 2)]
text = polygon[1]
patch = Polygon(vertices, closed=True, fill=False, linewidth=2, color='y')
ax.axes.add_patch(patch)
plt.text(vertices[0][0], vertices[0][1], text, fontsize=20, va="top")
_ = plt.axis("off")
回溯：
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-2-9eba870c3121> in <module>
32 params = {'mode': 'Handwritten'}
33 response = requests.post(
---> 34 text_recognition_url, headers=headers, params=params, json=image_data)
35 response.raise_for_status()
36
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/api.py in post(url, data, json, **kwargs)
114 """
115
--> 116 return request('post', url, data=data, json=json, **kwargs)
117
118
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/api.py in request(method, url, **kwargs)
58 # cases, and look like a memory leak in others.
59 with sessions.Session() as session:
---> 60 return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
61
62
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py in request(self, method, url, params, data, headers, cookies, files, auth, timeout, allow_redirects, proxies, hooks, stream, verify, cert, json)
517 hooks=hooks,
518 )
--> 519 prep = self.prepare_request(req)
520
521 proxies = proxies or {}
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py in prepare_request(self, request)
460 auth=merge_setting(auth, self.auth),
461 cookies=merged_cookies,
--> 462 hooks=merge_hooks(request.hooks, self.hooks),
463 )
464 return p
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/models.py in prepare(self, method, url, headers, files, data, params, auth, cookies, hooks, json)
314 self.prepare_headers(headers)
315 self.prepare_cookies(cookies)
--> 316 self.prepare_body(data, files, json)
317 self.prepare_auth(auth, url)
318
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/models.py in prepare_body(self, data, files, json)
464 # provides this natively, but Python 3 gives a Unicode string.
465 content_type = 'application/json'
--> 466 body = complexjson.dumps(json)
467 if not isinstance(body, bytes):
468 body = body.encode('utf-8')
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/json/__init__.py in dumps(obj, skipkeys, ensure_ascii, check_circular, allow_nan, cls, indent, separators, default, sort_keys, **kw)
229 cls is None and indent is None and separators is None and
230 default is None and not sort_keys and not kw):
--> 231 return _default_encoder.encode(obj)
232 if cls is None:
233 cls = JSONEncoder
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/json/encoder.py in encode(self, o)
197 # exceptions aren't as detailed. The list call should be roughly
198 # equivalent to the PySequence_Fast that ''.join() would do.
--> 199 chunks = self.iterencode(o, _one_shot=True)
200 if not isinstance(chunks, (list, tuple)):
201 chunks = list(chunks)
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/json/encoder.py in iterencode(self, o, _one_shot)
255 self.key_separator, self.item_separator, self.sort_keys,
256 self.skipkeys, _one_shot)
--> 257 return _iterencode(o, 0)
258
259 def _make_iterencode(markers, _default, _encoder, _indent, _floatstr,
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/json/encoder.py in default(self, o)
177
178 """
--> 179 raise TypeError(f'Object of type {o.__class__.__name__} '
180 f'is not JSON serializable')
181
TypeError: Object of type bytes is not JSON serializable
根据你的代码和错误信息，问题是本地图片的image_data值传递给了错误的参数json（应该是data）而丢失了方法requests.post中本地图片的Content-Type头，请仔细参考the reference of Recognize Text API。
这是我的代码作为参考。
import requests
image_path = '<the file path, like /Users/FelixWallis/Downloads/IMG_2430.jpg>'
image_data = open(image_path, "rb").read()
headers = {
'Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key': '<your subscription key>',
'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'
}
params = {'mode': 'Handwritten'}
text_recognition_url = 'https://<your cognitive service region, such as southeastasia for me>.api.cognitive.microsoft.com/vision/v2.0/recognizeText'
response = requests.post(text_recognition_url, headers=headers, params=params, data=image_data)
print(response.raw.status) # the result is 202
print(response.raise_for_status()) # the result is None
operation_url = response.headers["Operation-Location"]
print(operation_url) # the result for me is like https://southeastasia.api.cognitive.microsoft.com/vision/v2.0/textOperations/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx
我正在使用 Microsoft Azures Vision API 从本地 JPEG 图像中识别手写文本。我正在编辑 Microsoft 的源代码以允许从本地源而不是 URL 识别图像。但是，我不确定如何处理此错误：'TypeError: Object of type bytes is not JSON serializable'.
image_path = "/Users/FelixWallis/Downloads/IMG_2430.jpg"
image_data = open(image_path, "rb").read()
headers = {'Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key': subscription_key}
params = {'mode': 'Handwritten'}
response = requests.post(
text_recognition_url, headers=headers, params=params, json=image_data)
response.raise_for_status()
operation_url = response.headers["Operation-Location"]
analysis = {}
poll = True
while (poll):
response_final = requests.get(
response.headers["Operation-Location"], headers=headers)
analysis = response_final.json()
time.sleep(1)
if ("recognitionResult" in analysis):
poll= False
if ("status" in analysis and analysis['status'] == 'Failed'):
poll= False
polygons=[]
if ("recognitionResult" in analysis):
# Extract the recognized text, with bounding boxes.
polygons = [(line["boundingBox"], line["text"])
for line in analysis["recognitionResult"]["lines"]]
plt.figure(figsize=(15, 15))
image = Image.open(BytesIO(image_data))
ax = plt.imshow(image)
for polygon in polygons:
vertices = [(polygon[0][i], polygon[0][i+1])
for i in range(0, len(polygon[0]), 2)]
text = polygon[1]
patch = Polygon(vertices, closed=True, fill=False, linewidth=2, color='y')
ax.axes.add_patch(patch)
plt.text(vertices[0][0], vertices[0][1], text, fontsize=20, va="top")
_ = plt.axis("off")
回溯：
TypeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-2-9eba870c3121> in <module>
32 params = {'mode': 'Handwritten'}
33 response = requests.post(
---> 34 text_recognition_url, headers=headers, params=params, json=image_data)
35 response.raise_for_status()
36
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/api.py in post(url, data, json, **kwargs)
114 """
115
--> 116 return request('post', url, data=data, json=json, **kwargs)
117
118
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/api.py in request(method, url, **kwargs)
58 # cases, and look like a memory leak in others.
59 with sessions.Session() as session:
---> 60 return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
61
62
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py in request(self, method, url, params, data, headers, cookies, files, auth, timeout, allow_redirects, proxies, hooks, stream, verify, cert, json)
517 hooks=hooks,
518 )
--> 519 prep = self.prepare_request(req)
520
521 proxies = proxies or {}
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/sessions.py in prepare_request(self, request)
460 auth=merge_setting(auth, self.auth),
461 cookies=merged_cookies,
--> 462 hooks=merge_hooks(request.hooks, self.hooks),
463 )
464 return p
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/models.py in prepare(self, method, url, headers, files, data, params, auth, cookies, hooks, json)
314 self.prepare_headers(headers)
315 self.prepare_cookies(cookies)
--> 316 self.prepare_body(data, files, json)
317 self.prepare_auth(auth, url)
318
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/site-packages/requests/models.py in prepare_body(self, data, files, json)
464 # provides this natively, but Python 3 gives a Unicode string.
465 content_type = 'application/json'
--> 466 body = complexjson.dumps(json)
467 if not isinstance(body, bytes):
468 body = body.encode('utf-8')
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/json/__init__.py in dumps(obj, skipkeys, ensure_ascii, check_circular, allow_nan, cls, indent, separators, default, sort_keys, **kw)
229 cls is None and indent is None and separators is None and
230 default is None and not sort_keys and not kw):
--> 231 return _default_encoder.encode(obj)
232 if cls is None:
233 cls = JSONEncoder
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/json/encoder.py in encode(self, o)
197 # exceptions aren't as detailed. The list call should be roughly
198 # equivalent to the PySequence_Fast that ''.join() would do.
--> 199 chunks = self.iterencode(o, _one_shot=True)
200 if not isinstance(chunks, (list, tuple)):
201 chunks = list(chunks)
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/json/encoder.py in iterencode(self, o, _one_shot)
255 self.key_separator, self.item_separator, self.sort_keys,
256 self.skipkeys, _one_shot)
--> 257 return _iterencode(o, 0)
258
259 def _make_iterencode(markers, _default, _encoder, _indent, _floatstr,
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.7/lib/python3.7/json/encoder.py in default(self, o)
177
178 """
--> 179 raise TypeError(f'Object of type {o.__class__.__name__} '
180 f'is not JSON serializable')
181
TypeError: Object of type bytes is not JSON serializable
根据你的代码和错误信息，问题是本地图片的image_data值传递给了错误的参数json（应该是data）而丢失了方法requests.post中本地图片的Content-Type头，请仔细参考the reference of Recognize Text API。
这是我的代码作为参考。
import requests
image_path = '<the file path, like /Users/FelixWallis/Downloads/IMG_2430.jpg>'
image_data = open(image_path, "rb").read()
headers = {
'Ocp-Apim-Subscription-Key': '<your subscription key>',
'Content-Type': 'application/octet-stream'
}
params = {'mode': 'Handwritten'}
text_recognition_url = 'https://<your cognitive service region, such as southeastasia for me>.api.cognitive.microsoft.com/vision/v2.0/recognizeText'
response = requests.post(text_recognition_url, headers=headers, params=params, data=image_data)
print(response.raw.status) # the result is 202
print(response.raise_for_status()) # the result is None
operation_url = response.headers["Operation-Location"]
print(operation_url) # the result for me is like https://southeastasia.api.cognitive.microsoft.com/vision/v2.0/textOperations/xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx