ASP.NET 应用程序无法加载非托管 DLL
ASP.NET application fails to load unmanaged DLL's
我正在构建一个 ASP.NET 应用程序，它引用了一些 VMware 非托管 DLL。依赖项看起来像这样：
My Application
|__VMware.VimAutomation.HorizonView.Interop.DLL (unmanaged DLL)
|__VMware.VimAutomation.HorizonView.Impl.DLL (unmanaged DLL)
当我在控制台应用程序中 运行 我的测试代码时，一切正常。
然而，当我 运行 我的 ASP.NET 版本的应用程序时，我收到以下错误消息：
Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code.
Exception Details: System.IO.FileNotFoundException: Could not load file or assembly 'file:///C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\Temporary ASP.NET Files\test752894f64ba7e\assembly\dl3cfd1a4[=12=]5d27b4_7c3ad201\VMware.VimAutomation.Sdk.Impl.dll' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.
Source Error:
An unhandled exception was generated during the execution of the current web request. Information regarding the origin and location of the exception can be identified using the exception stack trace below.
Assembly Load Trace: The following information can be helpful to determine why the assembly 'file:///C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\Temporary ASP.NET Files\test752894f64ba7e\assembly\dl3cfd1a4[=12=]5d27b4_7c3ad201\VMware.VimAutomation.Sdk.Impl.dll' could not be loaded.
WRN: Assembly binding logging is turned OFF.
To enable assembly bind failure logging, set the registry value [HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Fusion!EnableLog] (DWORD) to 1.
Note: There is some performance penalty associated with assembly bind failure logging.
To turn this feature off, remove the registry value [HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Fusion!EnableLog].
Stack Trace:
[FileNotFoundException: Could not load file or assembly 'file:///C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\Temporary ASP.NET Files\test752894f64ba7e\assembly\dl3cfd1a4[=12=]5d27b4_7c3ad201\VMware.VimAutomation.Sdk.Impl.dll' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.]
System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly._nLoad(AssemblyName fileName, String codeBase, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly locationHint, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks) +0
System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoadAssemblyName(AssemblyName assemblyRef, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly reqAssembly, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks) +225
System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoadFrom(String assemblyFile, Evidence securityEvidence, Byte[] hashValue, AssemblyHashAlgorithm hashAlgorithm, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks, StackCrawlMark& stackMark) +172
System.Reflection.Assembly.LoadFrom(String assemblyFile, Evidence securityEvidence) +53
System.Activator.CreateInstanceFromInternal(String assemblyFile, String typeName, Boolean ignoreCase, BindingFlags bindingAttr, Binder binder, Object[] args, CultureInfo culture, Object[] activationAttributes, Evidence securityInfo) +29
System.Activator.CreateInstanceFrom(String assemblyFile, String typeName) +52
VMware.VimAutomation.Sdk.Interop.V1.CoreServiceFactory..cctor() +148
[TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'VMware.VimAutomation.Sdk.Interop.V1.CoreServiceFactory' threw an exception.]
VMware.VimAutomation.HorizonView.Impl.V1.ViewServerClientManagerImpl.RegisterClientServer(ViewServerClient client, ViewServerInterop server) +69
VMware.VimAutomation.HorizonView.Impl.V1.ViewServerClientManagerImpl.UpdateClient(ViewServerClient client, String domain, HviClientImpl hviClientImpl) +228
VMware.VimAutomation.HorizonView.Impl.V1.ViewServerClientManagerImpl.ConnectViewServer(String server, String username, SecureString password, String domain) +257
WebApplication17.Controllers.HomeController.Index() in C:\Users\jdavis\source\repos\WebApplication17\WebApplication17\Controllers\HomeController.cs:34
lambda_method(Closure , ControllerBase , Object[] ) +87
System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionMethod(ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionDescriptor actionDescriptor, IDictionary`2 parameters) +35
System.Web.Mvc.Async.<>c.<BeginInvokeSynchronousActionMethod>b__9_0(IAsyncResult asyncResult, ActionInvocation innerInvokeState) +39
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResult`2.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +77
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncControllerActionInvoker.EndInvokeActionMethod(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +42
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncInvocationWithFilters.<InvokeActionMethodFilterAsynchronouslyRecursive>b__11_0() +72
System.Web.Mvc.Async.<>c__DisplayClass11_1.<InvokeActionMethodFilterAsynchronouslyRecursive>b__2() +387
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncControllerActionInvoker.EndInvokeActionMethodWithFilters(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +42
System.Web.Mvc.Async.<>c__DisplayClass3_6.<BeginInvokeAction>b__3() +50
System.Web.Mvc.Async.<>c__DisplayClass3_1.<BeginInvokeAction>b__5(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +188
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncControllerActionInvoker.EndInvokeAction(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +38
System.Web.Mvc.<>c.<BeginExecuteCore>b__152_1(IAsyncResult asyncResult, ExecuteCoreState innerState) +26
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +73
System.Web.Mvc.Controller.EndExecuteCore(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +52
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +39
System.Web.Mvc.Controller.EndExecute(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +38
System.Web.Mvc.<>c.<BeginProcessRequest>b__20_1(IAsyncResult asyncResult, ProcessRequestState innerState) +40
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +73
System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +38
System.Web.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +602
System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStepImpl(IExecutionStep step) +195
System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +128
Web.config 文件:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<configSections>
<sectionGroup name="system.web.webPages.razor" type="System.Web.WebPages.Razor.Configuration.RazorWebSectionGroup, System.Web.WebPages.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35">
<section name="host" type="System.Web.WebPages.Razor.Configuration.HostSection, System.Web.WebPages.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" />
<section name="pages" type="System.Web.WebPages.Razor.Configuration.RazorPagesSection, System.Web.WebPages.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" />
</sectionGroup>
</configSections>
<system.web.webPages.razor>
<host factoryType="System.Web.Mvc.MvcWebRazorHostFactory, System.Web.Mvc, Version=5.2.4.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" />
<pages pageBaseType="System.Web.Mvc.WebViewPage">
<namespaces>
<add namespace="System.Web.Mvc" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Ajax" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Html" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Routing" />
<add namespace="WebApplication17" />
</namespaces>
</pages>
</system.web.webPages.razor>
<appSettings>
<!--<add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />-->
</appSettings>
<system.webServer>
<handlers>
<remove name="BlockViewHandler"/>
<add name="BlockViewHandler" path="*" verb="*" preCondition="integratedMode" type="System.Web.HttpNotFoundHandler" />
</handlers>
</system.webServer>
<system.web>
<compilation>
<assemblies>
<add assembly="System.Web.Mvc, Version=5.2.4.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" />
</assemblies>
</compilation>
</system.web>
</configuration>
很明显 VMware.VimAutomation.Sdk.Impl.dll 没有被复制到那个临时目录中。即使我手动复制它并尝试重新 运行 代码，错误消息仍然存在。
我已经查看并尝试了以下相关问题的每个答案：
Could not load file or assembly Temporary ASP.NET Files
Unmanaged DLLs fail to load on ASP.NET server
如果有人可以分享一些解决此问题的想法，我们将不胜感激。
所以经过一天半的斗争，我找到了一个非常简单的解决方案。
将以下代码添加到我的Web.Config，解决了问题：
<system.web>
<hostingEnvironment shadowCopyBinAssemblies="false" />
</system.web>
这阻止了将所有文件复制到临时 ASP.NET 文件目录，从而避免了缺少引用的 DLL 问题。
虽然我不能确定现在文件是从哪个目录加载的。可能是我的项目 \bin?
我正在构建一个 ASP.NET 应用程序，它引用了一些 VMware 非托管 DLL。依赖项看起来像这样：
My Application
|__VMware.VimAutomation.HorizonView.Interop.DLL (unmanaged DLL)
|__VMware.VimAutomation.HorizonView.Impl.DLL (unmanaged DLL)
当我在控制台应用程序中 运行 我的测试代码时，一切正常。
然而，当我 运行 我的 ASP.NET 版本的应用程序时，我收到以下错误消息：
Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code.
Exception Details: System.IO.FileNotFoundException: Could not load file or assembly 'file:///C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\Temporary ASP.NET Files\test752894f64ba7e\assembly\dl3cfd1a4[=12=]5d27b4_7c3ad201\VMware.VimAutomation.Sdk.Impl.dll' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.
Source Error:
An unhandled exception was generated during the execution of the current web request. Information regarding the origin and location of the exception can be identified using the exception stack trace below.
Assembly Load Trace: The following information can be helpful to determine why the assembly 'file:///C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\Temporary ASP.NET Files\test752894f64ba7e\assembly\dl3cfd1a4[=12=]5d27b4_7c3ad201\VMware.VimAutomation.Sdk.Impl.dll' could not be loaded.
WRN: Assembly binding logging is turned OFF.
To enable assembly bind failure logging, set the registry value [HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Fusion!EnableLog] (DWORD) to 1.
Note: There is some performance penalty associated with assembly bind failure logging.
To turn this feature off, remove the registry value [HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Fusion!EnableLog].
Stack Trace:
[FileNotFoundException: Could not load file or assembly 'file:///C:\Windows\Microsoft.NET\Framework64\v4.0.30319\Temporary ASP.NET Files\test752894f64ba7e\assembly\dl3cfd1a4[=12=]5d27b4_7c3ad201\VMware.VimAutomation.Sdk.Impl.dll' or one of its dependencies. The system cannot find the file specified.]
System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly._nLoad(AssemblyName fileName, String codeBase, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly locationHint, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks) +0
System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoadAssemblyName(AssemblyName assemblyRef, Evidence assemblySecurity, RuntimeAssembly reqAssembly, StackCrawlMark& stackMark, IntPtr pPrivHostBinder, Boolean throwOnFileNotFound, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks) +225
System.Reflection.RuntimeAssembly.InternalLoadFrom(String assemblyFile, Evidence securityEvidence, Byte[] hashValue, AssemblyHashAlgorithm hashAlgorithm, Boolean forIntrospection, Boolean suppressSecurityChecks, StackCrawlMark& stackMark) +172
System.Reflection.Assembly.LoadFrom(String assemblyFile, Evidence securityEvidence) +53
System.Activator.CreateInstanceFromInternal(String assemblyFile, String typeName, Boolean ignoreCase, BindingFlags bindingAttr, Binder binder, Object[] args, CultureInfo culture, Object[] activationAttributes, Evidence securityInfo) +29
System.Activator.CreateInstanceFrom(String assemblyFile, String typeName) +52
VMware.VimAutomation.Sdk.Interop.V1.CoreServiceFactory..cctor() +148
[TypeInitializationException: The type initializer for 'VMware.VimAutomation.Sdk.Interop.V1.CoreServiceFactory' threw an exception.]
VMware.VimAutomation.HorizonView.Impl.V1.ViewServerClientManagerImpl.RegisterClientServer(ViewServerClient client, ViewServerInterop server) +69
VMware.VimAutomation.HorizonView.Impl.V1.ViewServerClientManagerImpl.UpdateClient(ViewServerClient client, String domain, HviClientImpl hviClientImpl) +228
VMware.VimAutomation.HorizonView.Impl.V1.ViewServerClientManagerImpl.ConnectViewServer(String server, String username, SecureString password, String domain) +257
WebApplication17.Controllers.HomeController.Index() in C:\Users\jdavis\source\repos\WebApplication17\WebApplication17\Controllers\HomeController.cs:34
lambda_method(Closure , ControllerBase , Object[] ) +87
System.Web.Mvc.ControllerActionInvoker.InvokeActionMethod(ControllerContext controllerContext, ActionDescriptor actionDescriptor, IDictionary`2 parameters) +35
System.Web.Mvc.Async.<>c.<BeginInvokeSynchronousActionMethod>b__9_0(IAsyncResult asyncResult, ActionInvocation innerInvokeState) +39
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncResult`2.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +77
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncControllerActionInvoker.EndInvokeActionMethod(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +42
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncInvocationWithFilters.<InvokeActionMethodFilterAsynchronouslyRecursive>b__11_0() +72
System.Web.Mvc.Async.<>c__DisplayClass11_1.<InvokeActionMethodFilterAsynchronouslyRecursive>b__2() +387
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncControllerActionInvoker.EndInvokeActionMethodWithFilters(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +42
System.Web.Mvc.Async.<>c__DisplayClass3_6.<BeginInvokeAction>b__3() +50
System.Web.Mvc.Async.<>c__DisplayClass3_1.<BeginInvokeAction>b__5(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +188
System.Web.Mvc.Async.AsyncControllerActionInvoker.EndInvokeAction(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +38
System.Web.Mvc.<>c.<BeginExecuteCore>b__152_1(IAsyncResult asyncResult, ExecuteCoreState innerState) +26
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +73
System.Web.Mvc.Controller.EndExecuteCore(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +52
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +39
System.Web.Mvc.Controller.EndExecute(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +38
System.Web.Mvc.<>c.<BeginProcessRequest>b__20_1(IAsyncResult asyncResult, ProcessRequestState innerState) +40
System.Web.Mvc.Async.WrappedAsyncVoid`1.CallEndDelegate(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +73
System.Web.Mvc.MvcHandler.EndProcessRequest(IAsyncResult asyncResult) +38
System.Web.CallHandlerExecutionStep.System.Web.HttpApplication.IExecutionStep.Execute() +602
System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStepImpl(IExecutionStep step) +195
System.Web.HttpApplication.ExecuteStep(IExecutionStep step, Boolean& completedSynchronously) +128
Web.config 文件:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
<configSections>
<sectionGroup name="system.web.webPages.razor" type="System.Web.WebPages.Razor.Configuration.RazorWebSectionGroup, System.Web.WebPages.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35">
<section name="host" type="System.Web.WebPages.Razor.Configuration.HostSection, System.Web.WebPages.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" />
<section name="pages" type="System.Web.WebPages.Razor.Configuration.RazorPagesSection, System.Web.WebPages.Razor, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" requirePermission="false" />
</sectionGroup>
</configSections>
<system.web.webPages.razor>
<host factoryType="System.Web.Mvc.MvcWebRazorHostFactory, System.Web.Mvc, Version=5.2.4.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" />
<pages pageBaseType="System.Web.Mvc.WebViewPage">
<namespaces>
<add namespace="System.Web.Mvc" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Ajax" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Mvc.Html" />
<add namespace="System.Web.Routing" />
<add namespace="WebApplication17" />
</namespaces>
</pages>
</system.web.webPages.razor>
<appSettings>
<!--<add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />-->
</appSettings>
<system.webServer>
<handlers>
<remove name="BlockViewHandler"/>
<add name="BlockViewHandler" path="*" verb="*" preCondition="integratedMode" type="System.Web.HttpNotFoundHandler" />
</handlers>
</system.webServer>
<system.web>
<compilation>
<assemblies>
<add assembly="System.Web.Mvc, Version=5.2.4.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31BF3856AD364E35" />
</assemblies>
</compilation>
</system.web>
</configuration>
很明显 VMware.VimAutomation.Sdk.Impl.dll 没有被复制到那个临时目录中。即使我手动复制它并尝试重新 运行 代码，错误消息仍然存在。
我已经查看并尝试了以下相关问题的每个答案：
Could not load file or assembly Temporary ASP.NET Files
Unmanaged DLLs fail to load on ASP.NET server
如果有人可以分享一些解决此问题的想法，我们将不胜感激。
所以经过一天半的斗争，我找到了一个非常简单的解决方案。
将以下代码添加到我的Web.Config，解决了问题：
<system.web>
<hostingEnvironment shadowCopyBinAssemblies="false" />
</system.web>
这阻止了将所有文件复制到临时 ASP.NET 文件目录，从而避免了缺少引用的 DLL 问题。
虽然我不能确定现在文件是从哪个目录加载的。可能是我的项目 \bin?