如何修复 Java 中的 LazyInitializationException?

How to fix LazyInitializationException in Java?

我在做一个小项目,我有 2 个 table,用户和应用程序。一个用户可以有多个应用,一个应用可能被多个用户使用,所以它们之间是多对多的关系。每个 table 都有一些字段(id、名称、密码、技术等),我还在用户和应用程序 class 中使用 @ManyToMany 注释声明了 2 个数组列表。问题是,在我的业务层中,我编写了一个方法,该方法应该向用户添加一个应用程序,当我尝试执行 user.getListOfApplications().add(app) 时,它给了我那个异常...

publicclassHibernate 管理器 { 私有 SessionFactory sessionFactory;

public void setup()
{
     sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
}

public void exit()
{
    sessionFactory.close();
}

public void create(Object obj)
{
    Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
    session.beginTransaction();

    session.save(obj);

    session.getTransaction().commit();
    session.close();
}

public Object read(Class<?> c, int idObj)
{
    Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
    session.beginTransaction();

    Object obj = session.get(c, idObj);

    System.out.println(obj);

    session.getTransaction().commit();
    session.close();
    return obj;
}

public void update(Object obj)
{
    Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
    session.beginTransaction();

    session.update(obj);

    session.getTransaction().commit();
    session.close();
}

public void delete(Object obj)
{
    Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
    session.beginTransaction();

    session.delete(obj);

    session.getTransaction().commit();
    session.close();
}

public <T> List<T> loadAllData(Class<T> type)
{
    Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
    session.beginTransaction();

    CriteriaBuilder builder = session.getCriteriaBuilder();
    CriteriaQuery<T> criteria = builder.createQuery(type);
    criteria.from(type);
    List<T> data = session.createQuery(criteria).getResultList();

    session.getTransaction().commit();
    session.close();
    return data;
}

}

public Boolean addNewApplicationToUser(String userUserName, String applicationName)
{
    int okUser = 0;
    int okApp = 0;

     listOfApplications = managerHibernate.loadAllData(Application.class);
     listOfUsers = managerHibernate.loadAllData(User.class);
     User user = null;
     Application app = null;

    for(Application index: listOfApplications)
    {
        if(index.getApplicationName().equals(applicationName))
            {
                okApp = 1;
                app = index;
            }
    }

    for(User index: listOfUsers)
    {
        if(index.getUserUserName().equals(userUserName))
            {
                okUser = 1;
                user = index;
            }
    }

    if(okUser == 0  || okApp == 0)
        return false;
    else
    {   
        user.getListOfApplications().add(app);
        //app.getUserList().add(user);
        return true;
    }
}

方法 addNewApplicationToUser 是在另一个 class 中编写的,称为 ControllerHibernate。只有else分支重要,剩下的就是检查参数是否确实存在于数据库中

当您使用以下方法加载数据时出现问题 managerHibernate.loadAllData

public <T> List<T> loadAllData(Class<T> type)
{
        // New session was opened here
        Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
        session.beginTransaction();

        CriteriaBuilder builder = session.getCriteriaBuilder();
        CriteriaQuery<T> criteria = builder.createQuery(type);
        criteria.from(type);
        List<T> data = session.createQuery(criteria).getResultList();

        session.getTransaction().commit();
        session.close();
        //session is close here
        return data;
    }

所以当你加载数据时,hibernate 框架只会加载用户对象。由于您已选择在模型中使用延迟加载 class,因此仅当您尝试访问列表时才会加载应用程序值。由于您已经关闭了会话,框架无法再获取应用程序列表,从而导致延迟加载异常。

listOfApplications = managerHibernate.loadAllData(Application.class);
//loading user data and close the session associated with it
listOfUsers = managerHibernate.loadAllData(User.class);
User user = null;
Application app = null;

for(Application index: listOfApplications)
{
  if(index.getApplicationName().equals(applicationName))
      {
          okApp = 1;
          app = index;
      }
}

for(User index: listOfUsers)
{
  if(index.getUserUserName().equals(userUserName))
      {
          okUser = 1;
          user = index;
      }
}

if(okUser == 0  || okApp == 0)
  return false;
else
{   
  // when you run this line the hibernate framework will try to retrieve the application data.Since you have the closed session lazy load exception occurs 
  user.getListOfApplications().add(app);
  return true;
}

解决这个问题的方法

1) 尽量让您的会话保持打开状态,以便您的框架可以获取应用程序数据

2) 在您的模型 pojo 中将延迟加载更改为预加载 class(因为您使用的是多对多关系,因此不建议使用这种方式)

由于没有用于获取用户中的惰性 listofApplication 的事务,因此您需要先获取它。为此,您可以按如下方式更改 loadAllData:

public interface CriteriaSpec 
{
public void joinFetch(CriteriaBuilder builder, CriteriaQuery criteria, Root root);
}

public <T> List<T> loadAllData(Class<T> type, Optional<CriteriaSpec> spec)
{
Session session = sessionFactory.openSession();
session.beginTransaction();

CriteriaBuilder builder = session.getCriteriaBuilder();
CriteriaQuery<T> criteria = builder.createQuery(type);
Root root = criteria.from(type);
if(spec.isPresent())
    spec.joinFetch(builder, criteria, root);
List<T> data = session.createQuery(criteria).getResultList();

session.getTransaction().commit();
session.close();
return data;
}

然后使用它:

managerHibernate.loadAllData(Application.class, Optional.empty());
listOfUsers = managerHibernate.loadAllData(User.class, (rootEntity, query, 
criteriaBuilder) -> {
            rootEntity.fetch("listOfApplications", JoinType.Left_OUTER_JOIN);

        });