如何将 toolbar/action 栏添加到 Android 中的设置页面？
How do you add a toolbar/action bar to a Settings page in Android?
我正在创建一个具有设置 activity 的应用程序。设置 activity 从我自己导入的 AppCompatPreferenceActivity 扩展而来。我想要 activity 顶部的工具栏供用户返回。
我试图将 setContentView 更改为带有工具栏的 activity，但出现错误 No view found for id 0x10203a1 (android:id/prefs) for fragment GeneralPreferenceFragment{1fac983 #0 id=0x10203a1}
这是我当前的设置代码 activity（大部分代码只是来自您在 Android Studio 中作为模板获得的基本设置 activity。）
public class PreferencesActivity extends AppCompatPreferenceActivity implements PreferenceFragment.OnPreferenceStartFragmentCallback{
/**
* A preference value change listener that updates the preference's summary
* to reflect its new value.
*/
private static Preference.OnPreferenceChangeListener sBindPreferenceSummaryToValueListener = new Preference.OnPreferenceChangeListener() {
@Override
public boolean onPreferenceChange(Preference preference, Object value) {
String stringValue = value.toString();
if (preference instanceof ListPreference) {
// For list preferences, look up the correct display value in
// the preference's 'entries' list.
ListPreference listPreference = (ListPreference) preference;
int index = listPreference.findIndexOfValue(stringValue);
// Set the summary to reflect the new value.
preference.setSummary(
index >= 0
? listPreference.getEntries()[index]
: null);
} else if (preference instanceof RingtonePreference) {
// For ringtone preferences, look up the correct display value
// using RingtoneManager.
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(stringValue)) {
// Empty values correspond to 'silent' (no ringtone).
preference.setSummary(R.string.pref_ringtone_silent);
} else {
Ringtone ringtone = RingtoneManager.getRingtone(
preference.getContext(), Uri.parse(stringValue));
if (ringtone == null) {
// Clear the summary if there was a lookup error.
preference.setSummary(null);
} else {
// Set the summary to reflect the new ringtone display
// name.
String name = ringtone.getTitle(preference.getContext());
preference.setSummary(name);
}
}
} else {
// For all other preferences, set the summary to the value's
// simple string representation.
preference.setSummary(stringValue);
}
return true;
}
};
/**
* Helper method to determine if the device has an extra-large screen. For
* example, 10" tablets are extra-large.
*/
private static boolean isXLargeTablet(Context context) {
return (context.getResources().getConfiguration().screenLayout
& Configuration.SCREENLAYOUT_SIZE_MASK) >= Configuration.SCREENLAYOUT_SIZE_XLARGE;
}
/**
* Binds a preference's summary to its value. More specifically, when the
* preference's value is changed, its summary (line of text below the
* preference title) is updated to reflect the value. The summary is also
* immediately updated upon calling this method. The exact display format is
* dependent on the type of preference.
*
* @see #sBindPreferenceSummaryToValueListener
*/
private static void bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(Preference preference) {
// Set the listener to watch for value changes.
preference.setOnPreferenceChangeListener(sBindPreferenceSummaryToValueListener);
// Trigger the listener immediately with the preference's
// current value.
sBindPreferenceSummaryToValueListener.onPreferenceChange(preference,
PreferenceManager
.getDefaultSharedPreferences(preference.getContext())
.getString(preference.getKey(), ""));
}
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
getDelegate().installViewFactory();
getDelegate().onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
setupActionBar();
}
private void setupActionBar() {
ViewGroup rootView = (ViewGroup)findViewById(R.id.action_bar_root); //id from appcompat
if (rootView != null) {
Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar)findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
toolbar.setTitleTextColor(Color.WHITE);
setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
}
android.support.v7.app.ActionBar actionBar = getSupportActionBar();
if (actionBar != null) {
// Show the Up button in the action bar.
Log.v(getApplication().getClass().getSimpleName(), "The action bar isn't null");
actionBar.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
actionBar.setTitle("idk");
// actionBar.setTitleColor(R.color.white);
actionBar.setHomeAsUpIndicator(R.drawable.ic_arrow);
}
}
/**
* {@inheritDoc}
*/
@Override
public boolean onIsMultiPane() {
return isXLargeTablet(this);
}
/**
* {@inheritDoc}
*/
@Override
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
public void onBuildHeaders(List<Header> target) {
loadHeadersFromResource(R.xml.pref_headers, target);
}
/**
* This method stops fragment injection in malicious applications.
* Make sure to deny any unknown fragments here.
*/
protected boolean isValidFragment(String fragmentName) {
return GeneralPreferenceFragment.class.getName().equals(fragmentName)
|| DataSyncPreferenceFragment.class.getName().equals(fragmentName)
|| NotificationPreferenceFragment.class.getName().equals(fragmentName);
}
/**
* This fragment shows general preferences only. It is used when the
* activity is showing a two-pane settings UI.
*/
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
public static class GeneralPreferenceFragment extends PreferenceFragment {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.pref_general);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
// Bind the summaries of EditText/List/Dialog/Ringtone preferences
// to their values. When their values change, their summaries are
// updated to reflect the new value, per the Android Design
// guidelines.
bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(findPreference("example_text"));
bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(findPreference("example_list"));
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
int id = item.getItemId();
if (id == android.R.id.home) {
startActivity(new Intent(getActivity(), SettingsActivity.class));
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
/**
* This fragment shows notification preferences only. It is used when the
* activity is showing a two-pane settings UI.
*/
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
public static class NotificationPreferenceFragment extends PreferenceFragment {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.pref_notification);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
// Bind the summaries of EditText/List/Dialog/Ringtone preferences
// to their values. When their values change, their summaries are
// updated to reflect the new value, per the Android Design
// guidelines.
bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(findPreference("notifications_new_message_ringtone"));
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
int id = item.getItemId();
if (id == android.R.id.home) {
startActivity(new Intent(getActivity(), SettingsActivity.class));
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
/**
* This fragment shows data and sync preferences only. It is used when the
* activity is showing a two-pane settings UI.
*/
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
public static class DataSyncPreferenceFragment extends PreferenceFragment {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.pref_data_sync);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
// Bind the summaries of EditText/List/Dialog/Ringtone preferences
// to their values. When their values change, their summaries are
// updated to reflect the new value, per the Android Design
// guidelines.
bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(findPreference("sync_frequency"));
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
int id = item.getItemId();
if (id == android.R.id.home) {
startActivity(new Intent(getActivity(), SettingsActivity.class));
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
}
这是我的代码 activity_settings.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/content_frame"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
android:id="@+id/toolbar"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:minHeight="?attr/actionBarSize"
android:background="?attr/colorPrimary" />
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/root_view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
根视图是我的内容所在的位置，位于顶部。
经过大量试验和尝试。我想我已经弄清楚了如何为设置页面创建工具栏。这实际上比预期的要容易得多，我做这件事的主要方式是通过不同的主题。使用此方法，可以避免出现 No view found for android:id/prefs 或 No list view found (android.R.id.list)
等错误的麻烦
Declaring the themes in styles.xml
您需要有一个主题，即您的常规应用主题。它应该已经由您创建和自定义，并且另一个主题中添加了工具栏。
在我的例子中，我想为其他活动使用我自己的自定义工具栏，但对于 SettingsActivity，我想要一个基本的工具栏。
<resources>
<!-- Base application theme. -->
<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar">
<!-- Customize your theme here. -->
<item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
<item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
<item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>
</style>
<!-- Customised App Theme with the Toolbar-->
<style name="AppTheme_Toolbar" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
<!-- Customize your theme here. -->
<item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
<item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
<item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>
</style>
</resources>
可以说，这两个主题之间的唯一区别是，没有工具栏的那个是 Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar，另一个是 Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar
Change the themes of your activity
有两种方法可以做到这一点。首先，转到 SettingsActivity.class 并在 onCreate 方法中添加这行代码
setTheme(R.style.AppTheme_Toolbar);
否则，转到您的 AndroidManifest.xml:
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<activity
android:name=".SettingsActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme_Toolbar">
</activity>
这里我的应用程序的主题本身是 @style/AppTheme。但是我的设置 activity 页面的主题设置为 @style/AppTheme_Toolbar
希望对您有所帮助！
我正在创建一个具有设置 activity 的应用程序。设置 activity 从我自己导入的 AppCompatPreferenceActivity 扩展而来。我想要 activity 顶部的工具栏供用户返回。
我试图将 setContentView 更改为带有工具栏的 activity，但出现错误 No view found for id 0x10203a1 (android:id/prefs) for fragment GeneralPreferenceFragment{1fac983 #0 id=0x10203a1}
这是我当前的设置代码 activity（大部分代码只是来自您在 Android Studio 中作为模板获得的基本设置 activity。）
public class PreferencesActivity extends AppCompatPreferenceActivity implements PreferenceFragment.OnPreferenceStartFragmentCallback{
/**
* A preference value change listener that updates the preference's summary
* to reflect its new value.
*/
private static Preference.OnPreferenceChangeListener sBindPreferenceSummaryToValueListener = new Preference.OnPreferenceChangeListener() {
@Override
public boolean onPreferenceChange(Preference preference, Object value) {
String stringValue = value.toString();
if (preference instanceof ListPreference) {
// For list preferences, look up the correct display value in
// the preference's 'entries' list.
ListPreference listPreference = (ListPreference) preference;
int index = listPreference.findIndexOfValue(stringValue);
// Set the summary to reflect the new value.
preference.setSummary(
index >= 0
? listPreference.getEntries()[index]
: null);
} else if (preference instanceof RingtonePreference) {
// For ringtone preferences, look up the correct display value
// using RingtoneManager.
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(stringValue)) {
// Empty values correspond to 'silent' (no ringtone).
preference.setSummary(R.string.pref_ringtone_silent);
} else {
Ringtone ringtone = RingtoneManager.getRingtone(
preference.getContext(), Uri.parse(stringValue));
if (ringtone == null) {
// Clear the summary if there was a lookup error.
preference.setSummary(null);
} else {
// Set the summary to reflect the new ringtone display
// name.
String name = ringtone.getTitle(preference.getContext());
preference.setSummary(name);
}
}
} else {
// For all other preferences, set the summary to the value's
// simple string representation.
preference.setSummary(stringValue);
}
return true;
}
};
/**
* Helper method to determine if the device has an extra-large screen. For
* example, 10" tablets are extra-large.
*/
private static boolean isXLargeTablet(Context context) {
return (context.getResources().getConfiguration().screenLayout
& Configuration.SCREENLAYOUT_SIZE_MASK) >= Configuration.SCREENLAYOUT_SIZE_XLARGE;
}
/**
* Binds a preference's summary to its value. More specifically, when the
* preference's value is changed, its summary (line of text below the
* preference title) is updated to reflect the value. The summary is also
* immediately updated upon calling this method. The exact display format is
* dependent on the type of preference.
*
* @see #sBindPreferenceSummaryToValueListener
*/
private static void bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(Preference preference) {
// Set the listener to watch for value changes.
preference.setOnPreferenceChangeListener(sBindPreferenceSummaryToValueListener);
// Trigger the listener immediately with the preference's
// current value.
sBindPreferenceSummaryToValueListener.onPreferenceChange(preference,
PreferenceManager
.getDefaultSharedPreferences(preference.getContext())
.getString(preference.getKey(), ""));
}
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
getDelegate().installViewFactory();
getDelegate().onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
setupActionBar();
}
private void setupActionBar() {
ViewGroup rootView = (ViewGroup)findViewById(R.id.action_bar_root); //id from appcompat
if (rootView != null) {
Toolbar toolbar = (Toolbar)findViewById(R.id.toolbar);
toolbar.setTitleTextColor(Color.WHITE);
setSupportActionBar(toolbar);
}
android.support.v7.app.ActionBar actionBar = getSupportActionBar();
if (actionBar != null) {
// Show the Up button in the action bar.
Log.v(getApplication().getClass().getSimpleName(), "The action bar isn't null");
actionBar.setDisplayHomeAsUpEnabled(true);
actionBar.setTitle("idk");
// actionBar.setTitleColor(R.color.white);
actionBar.setHomeAsUpIndicator(R.drawable.ic_arrow);
}
}
/**
* {@inheritDoc}
*/
@Override
public boolean onIsMultiPane() {
return isXLargeTablet(this);
}
/**
* {@inheritDoc}
*/
@Override
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
public void onBuildHeaders(List<Header> target) {
loadHeadersFromResource(R.xml.pref_headers, target);
}
/**
* This method stops fragment injection in malicious applications.
* Make sure to deny any unknown fragments here.
*/
protected boolean isValidFragment(String fragmentName) {
return GeneralPreferenceFragment.class.getName().equals(fragmentName)
|| DataSyncPreferenceFragment.class.getName().equals(fragmentName)
|| NotificationPreferenceFragment.class.getName().equals(fragmentName);
}
/**
* This fragment shows general preferences only. It is used when the
* activity is showing a two-pane settings UI.
*/
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
public static class GeneralPreferenceFragment extends PreferenceFragment {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.pref_general);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
// Bind the summaries of EditText/List/Dialog/Ringtone preferences
// to their values. When their values change, their summaries are
// updated to reflect the new value, per the Android Design
// guidelines.
bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(findPreference("example_text"));
bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(findPreference("example_list"));
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
int id = item.getItemId();
if (id == android.R.id.home) {
startActivity(new Intent(getActivity(), SettingsActivity.class));
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
/**
* This fragment shows notification preferences only. It is used when the
* activity is showing a two-pane settings UI.
*/
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
public static class NotificationPreferenceFragment extends PreferenceFragment {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.pref_notification);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
// Bind the summaries of EditText/List/Dialog/Ringtone preferences
// to their values. When their values change, their summaries are
// updated to reflect the new value, per the Android Design
// guidelines.
bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(findPreference("notifications_new_message_ringtone"));
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
int id = item.getItemId();
if (id == android.R.id.home) {
startActivity(new Intent(getActivity(), SettingsActivity.class));
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
/**
* This fragment shows data and sync preferences only. It is used when the
* activity is showing a two-pane settings UI.
*/
@TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)
public static class DataSyncPreferenceFragment extends PreferenceFragment {
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.pref_data_sync);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
// Bind the summaries of EditText/List/Dialog/Ringtone preferences
// to their values. When their values change, their summaries are
// updated to reflect the new value, per the Android Design
// guidelines.
bindPreferenceSummaryToValue(findPreference("sync_frequency"));
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
int id = item.getItemId();
if (id == android.R.id.home) {
startActivity(new Intent(getActivity(), SettingsActivity.class));
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
}
}
这是我的代码 activity_settings.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:id="@+id/content_frame"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent">
<android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar
android:id="@+id/toolbar"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:minHeight="?attr/actionBarSize"
android:background="?attr/colorPrimary" />
<LinearLayout
android:id="@+id/root_view"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical">
</LinearLayout>
</LinearLayout>
根视图是我的内容所在的位置，位于顶部。
经过大量试验和尝试。我想我已经弄清楚了如何为设置页面创建工具栏。这实际上比预期的要容易得多，我做这件事的主要方式是通过不同的主题。使用此方法，可以避免出现 No view found for android:id/prefs 或 No list view found (android.R.id.list)
Declaring the themes in styles.xml
您需要有一个主题，即您的常规应用主题。它应该已经由您创建和自定义，并且另一个主题中添加了工具栏。 在我的例子中，我想为其他活动使用我自己的自定义工具栏，但对于 SettingsActivity，我想要一个基本的工具栏。
<resources>
<!-- Base application theme. -->
<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar">
<!-- Customize your theme here. -->
<item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
<item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
<item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>
</style>
<!-- Customised App Theme with the Toolbar-->
<style name="AppTheme_Toolbar" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools">
<!-- Customize your theme here. -->
<item name="colorPrimary">@color/colorPrimary</item>
<item name="colorPrimaryDark">@color/colorPrimaryDark</item>
<item name="colorAccent">@color/colorAccent</item>
</style>
</resources>
可以说，这两个主题之间的唯一区别是，没有工具栏的那个是 Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar，另一个是 Theme.AppCompat.Light.DarkActionBar
Change the themes of your activity
有两种方法可以做到这一点。首先，转到 SettingsActivity.class 并在 onCreate 方法中添加这行代码
setTheme(R.style.AppTheme_Toolbar);
否则，转到您的 AndroidManifest.xml:
<application
android:allowBackup="true"
android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
android:supportsRtl="true"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
<activity
android:name=".SettingsActivity"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme_Toolbar">
</activity>
这里我的应用程序的主题本身是 @style/AppTheme。但是我的设置 activity 页面的主题设置为 @style/AppTheme_Toolbar
希望对您有所帮助！