如何形成 TaskCompletionSource<T> 的集合并保持类型安全

How to form collection of TaskCompletionSource<T> and keep type safety

我有一些异步方法:

// not ideal
private TaskCompletionSource<A> _tcsA;
private TaskCompletionSource<A> _tcsB;
private TaskCompletionSource<A> _tcsC;
...

public Task<A> GetAAsync() {
  _currentTask = TaskType.A;
  _tcsA = new TaskCompletionSource<A>();
  // some complex non-sync task, using http/events that ends with Complete();
  // QueueRequest?.Invoke(this, taskInfo); // raise request -- this does not return
  return _tcsA.Task;
}

public Task<B> GetBAsync() {
  _currentTask = TaskType.B;
  _tcsB = new TaskCompletionSource<B>();
  // some complex non-sync task, using http/events that ends with Complete();
  // QueueRequest?.Invoke(this, taskInfo); // raise request -- this does not return
  return _tcsB.Task;
}

public Task<C> GetCAsync() {
  _currentTask = TaskType.C;
  _tcsC = new TaskCompletionSource<C>();
  // some complex non-sync task, using http/events that ends with Complete();
  // QueueRequest?.Invoke(this, taskInfo); // raise request -- this does not return
  return _tcsC.Task;
}

// called by an external source, a http listener / processor
// this should complete the async call by the client and return results
public void Complete(Result result) {
  switch (_currentTask) {
    case TaskType.A:
      _tcsA.SetResult(new A());
      break;
    case TaskType.B:
      _tcsB.SetResult(new B());
      break;
    case TaskType.C:
      _tcsC.SetResult(new C());
      break;
  }

  _currentTask = TaskType.None;
}

为了简单起见,以上是半伪代码。我这样调用其中一种方法:

A a = await service.GetAAsync();

现在的问题是 TaskCompletionSource<T> 是通用的,如果我有 100 个这样的方法,我将不得不为每个 return 类型创建一个变量。但是由于 一次只能调用一个 方法,所以使用单个 TaskCompletionSource 会很好,但不要将其键入 object (TaskCompletionSource<object>).

我不想做:

object a = await service.GetAAsync();

因为这需要客户投射。所以最好的解决方案是有一个 TaskCompletionSource,但以某种方式输入它。或者也可以拥有 TaskCompletionSource 的字典。这两个对我来说似乎都是不可能的。

我该如何解决?

更新:

有关我的情况的背景,请查看:

I don't want to do object a = await service.GetAAsync() because that will need casting by the client.

不一定。保持相同的签名,但添加对 ContinueWith 的调用以转换为适当的类型:

public Task<A> GetAAsync() {
  _currentTask = TaskType.A;
  _tcs = new TaskCompletionSource<object>();
  // some complex task that ends with Complete();
  return _tcs.Task.ContinueWith(t => (A)t.Result);
}

或者您可以使用 async/await:

做同样的事情
public async Task<A> GetAAsync() {
  _currentTask = TaskType.A;
  _tcs = new TaskCompletionSource<object>();
  // some complex task that ends with Complete();
  return (A)await _tcs.Task;
}

这很容易用 TaskCompletionSourceDictionary <TKey>:

目标:

  • 任何类型都可以用作密钥 - 我在此示例中使用了您的 TaskType 枚举
  • 如果每种类型只有一个实例,则有一个更简单的非通用版本
  • 生产者和消费者的动态数量
  • 结果的完成可以被多个消费者观察到
  • 强制执行类型安全 - 生产者和消费者必须指定相同的类型,否则转换异常会描述类型差异
  • 生产者可以在消费者请求任务之前设置结果
  • 消费者可以在生产者设置结果之前请求任务

我们可以在这个新 class:

上使用 GetOrAdd 方法完成所有这些
TaskCompletionSource<TValue> GetOrAdd<TValue>(TKey key)

用法示例:

private readonly TaskCompletionSourceDictionary<TaskType> _tasks = new TaskCompletionSourceDictionary<TaskType>();

public Task<A> GetAAsync() =>
    _tasks.GetOrAdd<A>(TaskType.A).Task;

public Task<B> GetBAsync() =>
    _tasks.GetOrAdd<B>(TaskType.B).Task;

public Task<C> GetCAsync() =>
    _tasks.GetOrAdd<C>(TaskType.C).Task;

// called by an external source, a http listener / processor
// this should complete the async call by the client and return results
public void Complete(Result result)
{
    switch (_currentTask)
    {
        case TaskType.A:
            _tasks.GetOrAdd<A>(TaskType.A).TrySetResult(new A());
            break;
        case TaskType.B:
            _tasks.GetOrAdd<B>(TaskType.B).TrySetResult(new B());
            break;
        case TaskType.C:
            _tasks.GetOrAdd<C>(TaskType.C).TrySetResult(new C());
            break;
    }

    _currentTask = TaskType.None;
}

除了GetOrAdd,还有TryAddTryRemove。尽管删除可能很危险 - 为最后一个消费者删除。