ML.Net 预测分数 return NaN

Question

ML.Net 预测分数总是 returns NaN（空）。

我的想法是教一个 Regression Algrothymn 来学习我家人的日常生活。我尝试了 ML.Net nuget 包和代码示例的几种变体，但结果相同：Score == NaN。下面是一些代码和一段数据集，是从我的家庭自动化系统中记录的。

这是来自 MSDN 的电影推荐回归示例的变体：

        public class AutomationData
        {

            [LoadColumn(0)]
            //0 - 6
            public int Day; 
            [LoadColumn(1)]
            //example: 0947 == 9:47am
            public int TimeOfDay; 
            //Device Id
            [LoadColumn(2)]
            public int Device; 
            //This is the State of the device (0 OFF - 1 ON) 
            // Seems it has to be float? (Vector R4)
            [LoadColumn(3)]
            public float Label; 
        }

        public class AutomationPrediction
        {
            public float Label;

            public float Score;
        }

        public static void  Regression()
        {
            MLContext mlContext = new MLContext();
            IDataView trainingDataView = LoadData(mlContext).training;
            IDataView testDataView = LoadData(mlContext).test;

            ITransformer model = BuildAndTrainModel(mlContext, trainingDataView);
            EvaluateModel(mlContext, testDataView, model);

            UseModelForSinglePrediction(mlContext, model);

        }

        public static (IDataView training, IDataView test) LoadData(MLContext mlContext)
        {
            var trainingDataPath = Path.Combine(Environment.CurrentDirectory, "MachineLearning/Data", "data.csv");
            var testDataPath = Path.Combine(Environment.CurrentDirectory, "MachineLearning/Data", "data.csv");
            IDataView trainingDataView = mlContext.Data.LoadFromTextFile<AutomationData>(trainingDataPath, hasHeader: true, separatorChar: ',');
            IDataView testDataView = mlContext.Data.LoadFromTextFile<AutomationData>(testDataPath, hasHeader: true, separatorChar: ',');
            return (trainingDataView, testDataView); 
        }

        public static ITransformer BuildAndTrainModel(MLContext mlContext, IDataView trainingDataView)
        {
            IEstimator<ITransformer> estimator = mlContext.Transforms.Conversion.MapValueToKey(outputColumnName: "deviceEncoded", inputColumnName: "Device")
           .Append(mlContext.Transforms.Conversion.MapValueToKey(outputColumnName: "timeOfDayEncoded", inputColumnName: "TimeOfDay"))
            .Append(mlContext.Transforms.Conversion.MapValueToKey(outputColumnName: "dayEncoded", inputColumnName: "Day"));

            var options = new MatrixFactorizationTrainer.Options
            {
                MatrixColumnIndexColumnName = "deviceEncoded",
                MatrixRowIndexColumnName = "timeOfDayEncoded",
                LabelColumnName = "Label",
                NumberOfIterations = 20,
                ApproximationRank = 100
            };

            var trainerEstimator = estimator.Append(mlContext.Recommendation().Trainers.MatrixFactorization(options));


            ITransformer model = trainerEstimator.Fit(trainingDataView);
            return model; 
        }

        public static void EvaluateModel(MLContext mlContext, IDataView testDataView, ITransformer model)
        {

            var prediction = model.Transform(testDataView);
            var metrics = mlContext.Regression.Evaluate(prediction, label: DefaultColumnNames.Label, score: DefaultColumnNames.Score);

            Console.WriteLine("Rms: " + metrics.Rms.ToString());
            Console.WriteLine("RSquared: " + metrics.RSquared.ToString());

        }

        public static void UseModelForSinglePrediction(MLContext mlContext, ITransformer model)
        {

            var predictionEngine = model.CreatePredictionEngine<AutomationData, AutomationPrediction>(mlContext);
            var testInput = new AutomationData { Device = 117, TimeOfDay = 0945 };
            var automationPrediction = predictionEngine.Predict(testInput);
            Console.WriteLine("Prediction Score: " + Math.Round(automationPrediction.Score, 1)); //Is Always 'NaN' (null)
            if (Math.Round(automationPrediction.Score, 1) > 3.5)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("State: " + testInput.Label);
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("State " + testInput.Label);
            }
        }

    }

这是回归算法试图处理的 data.csv 片段。

Day,TimeOfDay,Device,State
6,0827,999,1
6,0827,117,1
6,0827,117,0
6,0838,18,1
6,0838,79,1
6,0838,6,1
6,0901,117,1
6,0908,999,0
6,0910,73,0
6,0913,72,1
6,0914,72,0
6,0915,79,0
6,0915,6,0
6,0915,5,0
6,0915,4,0
6,0915,18,0
6,1015,18,1
6,1015,79,1
6,1015,6,1
6,1015,5,1
6,1015,4,1
6,1726,18,1
6,1726,79,1
6,1726,51,0
6,1726,128,0
6,1726,69,0

我希望预测状态为 return 0 或 1（开或关）的值，以及一个分数（浮点数），它会显示回归认为它正确的接近程度。

Answer 1

It returns Nan 因为没有足够的数据来进行预测。我的意思是，矩阵分解会将预测作为相似值的近似值。

对于您的示例，您仅在矩阵分解中使用了 TimeOfDay 和 Device 列，因此，对于您要使用的单个预测 (new AutomationData { Device = 117, TimeOfDay = 0945 })，模型 returns Nan 作为分数，因为它不能真正从学习模型中预测一个值。

进行测试，预测一个已知值，例如

new AutomationData { Device = 73, TimeOfDay = 0910 };

你会得到一个实际分数。

此外，您不应使用与测试相同的训练数据，这会使您的模型评估变得不必要。

毕竟，也许矩阵分解不是您用例的理想选择。

ML.Net 预测分数 return NaN

ML.Net Prediction Score return NaN

c#

ml.net